Английская Википедия:Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox treaty The Convention Relative to the Preservation of Fauna and Flora in their Natural State, also known as the London Convention of 1933,Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn was an early agreement among colonial powers for the conservation of nature.Шаблон:Sfn As one of the first general conservation agreement in Africa, and the first to specifically protect a plant species, it has been called the Magna Carta of wildlife conservationШаблон:Sfn and "the high point of institutionalised global nature protection before the Second World War".[1]
Political process
The Convention was the result of the 1933 International Conference for the Protection of the Fauna and Flora of Africa, presided over by Richard Onslow, 5th Earl of Onslow, then president of the Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire.Шаблон:Sfn It was based on the London Convention of 1900, which had been agreed to but never came into force due a lack of ratifications.
Signatories of the 1933 convention were Belgium, Egypt, France, Italy, the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, the Union of South Africa and the United Kingdom and its dependencies. All but France and Spain ratified the agreement in 1935, and British India acceded partially in 1939. In 1950, it was ratified by Portugal and in 1963, then-independent Tanganyika acceded to the convention.Шаблон:Sfn
The 1933 London Convention was superseded by the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in 1968.
Obligations
The Convention obligated signatories to establish parks and reserves and limit human settlement therein, to domesticate useful animals, and to prohibit unsportsmanlike methods of take. It also required states to give special protection to a list of species.Шаблон:Sfn
Species protected
The Convention bestowed varying degrees of protection on two classes of species.
Class A
The 17 mammals, three birds and one plant species in Class A are to be hunted or otherwise killed only by special permission that was to be granted exclusively for scientific research or other critical purposes.
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Class B
Authorization for hunting the animals in Class B is allowable by special permit, but for any purpose.
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Notes
References
- Шаблон:Cite book
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External links
- ↑ Steinhart, Edward I. Black Poachers, White Hunters: A Social History of Hunting in Colonial Kenya James Currey Publishers, 2006 Шаблон:ISBN p. 180
- Английская Википедия
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