Английская Википедия:Conversion of non-Hindu places of worship into temples

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Шаблон:Short description The conversion of non-Hindu places of worship into temples occurred for centuries, ever since the advent of other Dharmic faiths in the Indian subcontinent. As a result, Muslim mosques, Christian churches, Zoroastrian fire temples, Jain and Buddhist temples were converted into Hindu places of worship. Since the dawn of the 20th century, there have been active movements to convert non-Hindu religious sites into temples, primarily in the West and in India.

Conversation of Islamic Mosques into Hindu Temples

Шаблон:Expand list This table lists former mosques which were built by destroying Hindu temples on sites of religious significance that have now been reclaimed and converted back into Hindu Temples. It also includes those temples where the original structure of the mosque no longer survives and the temple was built at the site of a former mosque.

Current Name	Mosque Name	Images	City	Country	Notes
Ram Leela Mandir	Jama Masjid of Farrukhnagar		Farrukhnagar	India	The town of Farrukhnagar was founded by Mughal Governor Faujdar Khan in 1732 AD. It was named after the Mughal Emperor, Farrukhsiyar. He constructed the Jama Masjid as the principal mosque of this new town, which is now used as a Hindu temple and Sikh Gurdwara.
Bharat Mata Mandir	Khilij Jumma Masjid	Chand Minar behind Bharat Mata temple	Daulatabad (Aurangabad)	India	The Jumma Masjid is the earliest surviving Islamic monument in the Deccan region.
Bhagwan Danasher Mandir	Dana Shir Masjid	[image]	Hisar	India	The mosque is built to the west of the courtyard of the Tomb of Dana Shir Bahlul Shah. It is completely built of small bricks and is plastered with fine white stucco.

Conversion of Christian Churches into Hindu Temples

Шаблон:Expand list This table lists former Churches with identified original buildings that have been converted into Hindu Temples. It only includes those Churches where the original structure was never a site of a temple.

A Hindu sect, known as Swaminarayan Gadi Sansthan, has been buying former churches and converting them into temples, in the US and the UK. The sect is headquartered in Maninagar, Ahmedabad. In India, however, the conversion of Churches to temples is more violent.

Current Name	Church Name	Images	City	Country	Notes
Swaminarayan Hindu temple	unknown	[image]	Portsmouth, VA	USA	A 30-year-old Church was converted to a temple to accommodate the Guajarati community of Chesapeake near Portsmouth, VA. It is the 6th Church to be converted into a temple in the US, and the 9th in the world.
Swaminarayan Hindu temple	Highland Mennonite Church	[image]	Bear, Delaware	USA	A 50-year-old Church was converted to a temple. It is the 3rd Church to be converted into a temple in the US, and the 5th in the world.
Udupi Krishna temple	unknown	[image]	Edison, NJ	USA	In 2017, a Protestant church covering 4.5 acres, in Edison, New Jersey was acquired to be converted into an Udupi Krishna temple.
Swaminarayan Hindu temple	St John's Baptist Church	[image]	Islington, London	UK (England)	June 1970: The first BAPS Swaminarayan Mandir in the UK was opened in a converted disused Anglican church in Islington, North London, by Yogiji Maharaj. It was also called the Mission Hall of St. John's.
Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Bolton	Unity Church (Unitarian)	Файл:Shree Kutch Satsang Swaminarayan Temple, Bolton - geograph.org.uk - 109377.jpg	Bolton, Manchester	UK (England)	A Unity Church of the Unitarian denomination, on Deane Road was a fine example of late 19th century religious gothic in red brick with terracotta detailing. It was converted to a temple on 1973 and rebuilt into a larger building after demolishing the old structure in 1993.
BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir Toronto	unknown	[image]	Toronto, ON	Canada	Gujarat-based Maninagar Shree Swaminarayan Gadi Sansthan constructed a temple in Toronto, Canada, on a 125-year-old plot of land which had previously housed a church.
Lord Swaminarayan abode	unknown	[image]	Los Angeles, CA	USA	In 2012, the Sansthan bought churches in Los Angeles, California and turned it into Lord Swaminarayan abode.
BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir	Goshen Methodist Church	Файл:BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir (formerly Goshen Methodist Church), Louisville, KY.jpg	Louisville, KY	USA	The Sansthan has bought a defunct church, spread over four acre of land, at Louisville, Kentucky.
Swaminarayan Hindu Temple	Dunamis Christian Faith Church		Louisville, KY	USA	The Sansthan has bought another defunct church, in the heart of Louisville, Kentucky.
Temple name unknown	St Ninian's Church	[image]	city name unknown	UK (England)	In 1982, St Ninian's Church was bought for £200,000 and a temple built on its 2.5 acre compound.
BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Scarborough	unknown	[image]	Scarborough, ON	Canada	A 100-year-old church was declared a heritage structure by the Canadian government, is located in Scarborough. The church was built over 9,000 sq ft, included a community hall and house.
Shiva temple	Hall of the 7th-Day Adventist	[image]	Aligarh, UP	India	A church overnight turned into a temple adorned with a portrait of Shiva after what some Hindu groups in Asroi, near Aligarh, termed the "ghar wapasi" (reconversion) of 72 Valmikis who had become Christians in 1995.
Hanuman temple	Evangelical prayer hall	[image]	city name unknown, HR	India	On 12 December 2005, the home of Pastor Ramesh Masih Bhatti, where the church was meeting, had been taken over by Hindus and converted into a Hindu temple. A Hindu god's idol had been placed at the doorway and Bhatti was forced leave with his family where they had lived for 25 years. A militant leader in the area reportedly announced a campaign to move throughout the area's villages forcing Christians to reconvert to Hinduism.
Ashtalakshmi temple	unknown	Файл:Ashtalakshmi temple - North Hollywood - Los Angeles California - Andhra Pradesh south India mandir in an ex-christian church - Andal Kalyana celebration January 2013 - DSCF2052.jpg	North Hollywood, Los Angeles, CA	USA	Ashtalakshmi temple in North Hollywood, California was once a church and was bought by Hindu community
Aberdeen Hindu Temple	Old Stoneywood Church	Файл:Aberdeen Hindu Temple (formerly Old Stoneywood Church), Aberdeen, Scotland.jpg	Aberdeen	UK (Scotland)	Plans have been unveiled to convert a former church into Aberdeen’s first Hindu temple. The Old Stoneywood Church on Bankhead Road, which dates back to the 1840s, has now been vacant for more than four years. Aberdeen Hindu Temple Trust said there are more than 3,500 Hindu religion followers in Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire, but the closest temple is 70 miles away in Dundee.

Conversion of Buddhist Sites into Hindu Temples

See also Persecution of Buddhists and Decline of Buddhism in India

Current Name	Buddhist Structure	Images	City	Country	Notes
Sri Sanni Siddheswara temple	unknown	[image]	Krishna, AP	India	Up to 11 Hindu temples have been built on Buddhist sites in the villages of Machilipatnam and Nidumolu, in the Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh. Buddhism flourished during 1st and 2nd Century CE, but was curbed by the Chalukyas, who occupied or converted into their religious buildings into Hindu temples
Jagannath temple	unknown	[image]	Puri, OR	India	Faxian (c. 400 CE), the ancient Chinese pilgrim and visitor to India wrote about a Buddhist procession in his memoir, and this has very close resemblances with the Jagannath festivities. There is no distinction of caste inside the Jagganath temple, many day-to-day services (Vidhis) of Lord Jagannatha owe their origin either to Jainism or to Buddhism or the combination of both, the local legends link the idols with aborginal tribes and the daitapatis (servitors) claim to be descendants of the aboriginals. Majority of rituals are based on Oddiyana Tantras which are the refined versions of Mahayana Tantras as well as Shabari Tantras which are evolved from Tantric Buddhism and tribal believes respectively. Buddhism anciently prevailed in Odisha as appears from the Buddhist remains still existing. The idols of Jagannatha is believed to contain the bones of Krishna even though it forms no part of the Brahmanical religion to collect and adore dead men's bones while it is a most meritorious act among the Buddhists to collect and preserve the relics of departed saints, and the places that contain them are esteemed peculiarly holy. Further the season in which the Ratha-Yatra festival is observed is about the same time when the historic public processions welcomed Buddhist monks for their temporary, annual monsoon-season retirement. In the Jagannath cult, Jagannath is represented as the ninth avatar of Vishnu just like Buddha in the Vishnu Purana. Jñānasiddhi by Indrabhuti opens with an invocation of Jagannath.Шаблон:Refn Sarala Das in his Sarala Mahabharata identified Jaganath with Buddha in Adi Parva and Madhya Parva.Шаблон:Refn
Purneshvara Temple	unknown	[image]	Puri, OR	India	The main temple of this village was either built on Buddhist sturctures, or made of materials derived from them.
Kedareshvara Temple	unknown	[image]	Puri, OR	India	The main temple of this village was either built on Buddhist sturctures, or made of materials derived from them.
Kanteshvara Temple	unknown	[image]	Puri, OR	India	The main temple of this village was either built on Buddhist sturctures, or made of materials derived from them.
Someshvara Temple	unknown	[image]	Puri, OR	India	The main temple of this village was either built on Buddhist sturctures, or made of materials derived from them.
Angeshvara Temple	unknown	[image]	Puri, OR	India	The main temple of this village was either built on Buddhist sturctures, or made of materials derived from them.
Ram Temple	Kushan Buddhist site	[image]	city unknown	Afghanistan?	Brahmins seem to have appropriated a Kushana Buddhist site, where a temple with Ramayana panels was constructed during the Gupta period.
Bhuteshwar Temple	unknown	[image]	Mathura, UP	India	Anti-caste scholars argue that this temple was built on a site of a Buddhist structure.
Gokarneshwar Temple	unknown	[image]	Jamubania, OR	India	Anti-caste scholars argue that this temple, in the village of Jamubania, was built on a site of a Buddhist structure.
Ghantai Temple	unknown	[image]	Vidisha, MP	India	Around 250 km from Vidisha, a Buddhist establishment existed at Khajuraho. This was before it emerged as a major temple town from the 10th century CE, under the Chandellas. Here, the Ghantai temple appears to have been built on the remains of a Buddhist monument.

Conversion of Jain Sites into Hindu Temples

Many Jain temples were converted to Hindu temples by replacing the statues of Tirthankaras with Shiv lingams. Jainism started its decline due to the aggressive rise of Veerashaivism.

Current Name	Jain Structure	Images	City	Country	Notes
Padmakshi temple	unknown	[image]	Warangal, TS	India	The statues of Tirthankaras engraved on walls are now worshiped as local deities.
Saraswati temple	Saraswati Jain temple	[image]	Basar, TS	India	A temple dedicated to the Jain avatar of Saraswati in Basar, was converted into a Hindu temple.
Sahasra Lingeshwarelayam	Tribhuvanatilaka Jinalaya	[image]	Vemulawada, TS	India	A Jain shrine called Tribhuvanatilaka Jinalaya on the Bommalagutta hillock near Kurikyala village, was built during the Chalukya dynasty. It is now a Shiva temple.
Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy	Lord Parshvanatha Jain temple	[image]	Padmakshi, TS	India	The oldest temple in the Hanamkonda a Jain site. It was converted into a hindu temple dedicated to Padmavathi.
Mahalakshmi Temple	Laxhmi Jain Temple	[image]	Kolhapur, MH	India	Mahalakshmi Temple Kolhapur Paul Dundas in his book "The Jains" mentions that Mahalaxmi temple Kolhapur was a Jain temple. Sheshashayee Vishnu which is an octagonal structure closer to the eastern gate has a panel of 60 Jain Tirthankaras carvings.

Conversion of Zoroastrian Sites into Hindu Temples

Current Name	Zoroastrian Structure	Images	City	Country	Notes
Ateshgah of Baku	Ateshgah آتشگاه‎	Файл:Заброшенный Атешгях, начало 20 в..JPG	Baku	Azerbaijan	The Fire temple at Baku was temporarily converted into a Hindu temple by Hindu and Sikh traders. During this time it was dedicated to the deities Ram, Krishna, Hanuman and Agni. Currently, it is a museum.

See also

• Conversion of non-Islamic places of worship into mosques
• Christianized sites
• Hinduism and other religions
• List of destroyed heritage
• Saffronisation

References

Works cited

• Шаблон:Cite book