Английская Википедия:Convoy HG 53
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military conflict Шаблон:Campaignbox Atlantic Campaign
Convoy HG 53 was the 53rd of the numbered series of World War II HG convoys of Homeward bound merchant ships from Gibraltar to Liverpool.[1] Convoy HG 53 lost nine ships during a coordinated attack in February 1941. HG 53 was one of the few Atlantic convoys to have ships sunk by submarines, by aircraft, and by surface ships.
Background
Twenty-one ships departed Gibraltar on 6 February 1941 bound for Liverpool and escorted by the Шаблон:Sclass2 Шаблон:HMS and the Шаблон:Sclass2 sloop HMS Deptford. The convoy commodore was Rear Admiral Sir OH Dawson aboard Dagmar.[2]
Action
While southbound to African waters[3] on the evening of 8 February German Type IX submarine Шаблон:GS sighted the convoy southwest of Cape St. Vincent and torpedoed the British freighters Courland and Estrellano after midnight.[4] U-37 reported the convoy to Bordeaux-Mérignac Air Base and commenced shadowing the convoy providing beacon signals for Kampfgeschwader 40. Five Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor bombers took off at dawn and found the convoy at noon Шаблон:Convert southwest of Lisbon. The Fw 200s bombed from an altitude of Шаблон:Convert because they lacked bombsights. Each flight mechanic fired at their target ship with a ventral machine gun during the approach to discourage anti-aircraft gunners; but one of the bombers was hit in a wing fuel tank[5] and crash-landed in Spain when fuel was exhausted on the return trip.[3] Six of the twenty bombs dropped hit ships,[5] sinking the convoy commodore's freighter Dagmar, the Norwegian freighter Tejo, and British freighters Britannic, Jura, and Varna. U-37 sank the British freighter Brandenburg after dark and continued sending beacon signals for the Шаблон:Ship. Admiral Hipper found and sank the straggling British freighter Iceland on 11 February.[4]
Aftermath
Hipper was distracted from further search by finding convoy SL 64 and sinking seven ships from that unescorted convoy.[4] The escort of convoy HG 53 was reinforced by the Шаблон:Sclass sloop Шаблон:HMS on 18 February, by the Шаблон:Sclass2 Шаблон:HMS on 20 February, and by the Шаблон:Sclass2 Шаблон:HMS, the Шаблон:Sclass2 Шаблон:HMS, and the Шаблон:Sclass2 HMS Anemone from convoy OG 53 on 22 February. The surviving 12 ships of convoy HG 53 arrived in Liverpool on 24 February 1941. Nine ships totaling 15,217 GRT had been sunk.[2]
Merchant ships in convoy
| Name[2] | Flag | Casualties[6] | Tonnage (GRT) | Cargo | Sunk by... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brandenburg | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 23 | 1,473 | Ore | Шаблон:GS |
| Britannic II | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1 | 2,490 | Ore | KG 40 bomber |
| Courland | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 30 | 1,325 | General | Шаблон:GS |
| Coxwald | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,124 | Scrap iron | ||
| Dagmar I | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 5 | 2,471 | Oranges | KG 40 bomber |
| Dago | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,757 | Oranges | ||
| Disa | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 2,002 | Ore | ||
| Egyptian Prince | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 3,490 | Oranges | ||
| Empire Lough | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 2,824 | Ore | ||
| Empire Tern | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 2,479 | Ore | ||
| Empire Warrior | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,306 | Ore | ||
| Estrellano | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 6 | 1,982 | General | Шаблон:GS |
| Iceland | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,236 | Oranges | Admiral Hipper | |
| Jura | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 17 | 1,759 | Ore | KG 40 bomber |
| Marklyn | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 3,090 | Ore | ||
| Ousel | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,533 | Ore | ||
| Sally Maersk | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 3,252 | General | ||
| Tejo | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 4 | 967 | General | KG 40 bomber |
| Vanellus | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,886 | Ore | ||
| Varna | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,514 | Pit props | KG 40 bomber | |
| Wrotham | Шаблон:Flagcountry | 1,884 | Ore |
See also
Notes
Sources
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- North Atlantic convoys of World War II
- Naval battles of World War II involving the United Kingdom
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
