Английская Википедия:Counselor to the President

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox US Cabinet Counselor to the President is a title used by high-ranking political advisors to the president of the United States and senior members of the White House Office.

The current officeholder is Steve Ricchetti. The position should not be confused with the office of White House counsel, who is the chief legal advisor to the president and the White House, which is also an appointed position.

History

The position was created during the administration of Richard Nixon, where it was assigned Cabinet rank. It remained a Cabinet-level position until 1993.

During Nixon's presidency, eight people held the position, with there sometimes being two or three concurrent incumbents.

During the presidency of Gerald Ford, the post was shared by longtime communications advisor Robert T. Hartmann and national security aide John O. Marsh, with former United States secretary of commerce Rogers Morton briefly joining them as a domestic policy advisor in early 1976.

The position was vacant during the Jimmy Carter administration, as Carter initially left many senior White House positions unfilled (such as White House chief of staff) and preferred a smaller corps of advisors.

Edwin Meese held the position during the first term of President Ronald Reagan, and was highly influential inside the White House. Meese, Chief of Staff James Baker and Deputy Chief of Staff Michael Deaver were nicknamed "the troika" and considered the most influential advisors to the president. Meese became United States attorney general during Reagan's second term as president and the position was left vacant.

The position was left vacant in the first three years of President George H. W. Bush's term. In 1992, it was filled by Clayton Yeutter following his resignation as chairman of the Republican National Committee.

During the Bill Clinton administration, the post became much more focused on communications. Two of Clinton's counselors, David Gergen and Paul Begala, later became CNN political analysts.

During the administration of George W. Bush, the position oversaw the communications, media affairs, speechwriting, and press offices.

Under the Obama administration, the position was initially abolished and the duties of the office transferred to three senior advisors: David Axelrod, Pete Rouse, and Valerie Jarrett, who also held the title Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Relations and Public Liaison. On January 6, 2011, President Obama appointed Rouse as counselor to the president where he was responsible for assisting the president and chief of staff with the day-to-day management of White House staff operations. John Podesta was the last person to hold the position before he left to join the Hillary Clinton presidential campaign of 2016 as chairman.

Soon after the 2016 election, President-elect Donald Trump announced his intention to name his campaign manager during the general election, Kellyanne Conway, to the position and his campaign CEO Steve Bannon as a senior counselor and chief strategist. With equivalent standing to the chief of staff and a portfolio that hewed closely to the pre-Clinton iteration of the position, Bannon was named to the Principals Committee of the National Security Council in a January 2017 executive order that also removed the director of national intelligence and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from the committee. Following vociferous public opposition to the decision, Trump removed Bannon from the council in April 2017.

After Bannon's departure from the White House in August 2017, Johnny DeStefano was appointed to the job in February 2018, with responsibility for overseeing the offices of presidential personnel, political affairs, and public liaison.

In February 2020, it was announced that former White House communications director Hope Hicks would return to the White House Office in the role. In May 2020, White House staff secretary Derek Lyons was also given the title of counselor.

President Joe Biden named Steve Ricchetti, the chairman of his 2020 presidential campaign, as counselor to the president upon taking office. Jeffrey Zients was also given the title in his role as White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator.

List of counselors to the president

Counselors to President Richard Nixon (1969–1974)

Файл:Donald Rumsfeld and Richard Nixon.png

Counselor to the President Donald Rumsfeld confers with President Richard Nixon on the White House grounds.

All of President Nixon's counselors were members of his Cabinet during their tenure.

Counselor			Term of Office	Party
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Arthur Burns	Arthur F. Burns (1904–1987)	January 20, 1969 – November 5, 1969	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Pat Moynihan	Pat Moynihan (1927–2003)	November 5, 1969 – December 31, 1970	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Bryce Harlow	Bryce Harlow (1916–1987)	November 5, 1969 – December 9, 1970	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Robert Finch	Robert Finch (1925–1995)	June 23, 1970 – December 15, 1972	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Donald Rumsfeld	Donald Rumsfeld (1932–2021)	December 11, 1970 – October 15, 1971	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Anne Armstrong	Anne Armstrong (1927–2008)	January 19, 1973 – August 9, 1974	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Файл:Dean Burch Cabinet.jpg	Dean Burch (1927–1991)	March 8, 1974 – August 9, 1974	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Kenneth Rush	Kenneth Rush (1910–1994)	May 29, 1974 – August 9, 1974	Republican

Counselors to President Gerald Ford (1974–1977)

Файл:Photograph of President Gerald Ford and Adviser Robert Hartmann Looking at Documents Regarding Vice Presidential Candidates in Hartmann's Office - NARA - 7347180.jpg

President Ford and Counselor Robert Hartmann looking over paperwork concerning the selection of a new vice president, 1974

All of President Ford's's counselors were members of his Cabinet during their tenure.

Counselor			Term of Office	Party
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Anne Armstrong	Anne Armstrong (1927–2008)	August 9, 1974 – December 18, 1974	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Файл:Dean Burch Cabinet.jpg	Dean Burch (1927–1991)	August 9, 1974 – December 31, 1974	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Kenneth Rush	Kenneth Rush (1910–1994)	August 9, 1974 – September 19, 1974	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Файл:Robert T. Hartmann.png	Robert T. Hartmann (1917–2008)	August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	John O. Marsh	John Marsh (1926–2019)	August 9, 1974 – January 20, 1977	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Файл:RogersClarkBallardMorton.jpg	Rogers Morton (1914–1979)	February 2, 1976 – April 1, 1976	Republican

Counselors to President Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)

President Carter did not appoint any counselors during his tenure in the White House.

Counselor	Term of Office	Party
Vacant	January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981	n/a

Counselors to President Ronald Reagan (1981–1989)

Файл:President Ronald Reagan holds an Oval Office staff meeting.jpg

President Reagan holds an oval office staff meeting on his first full day in office. Front left, Counselor to the President Edwin Meese.

Файл:James Baker, Edwin Meese, and Michael Deaver.jpg

"The Troika". From left to right: White House Chief of Staff James Baker, Counselor to the President Ed Meese and White House Deputy Chief of Staff Michael Deaver at the White House, December 2, 1981.

President Reagan only appointed a counselor during his first term in the White House.

Counselor			Term of Office	Party
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Edwin Meese	Edwin Meese (born 1931)	January 20, 1981 – February 25, 1985	Republican
Vacant			February 25, 1985 – January 20, 1989

Counselors to President George H.W. Bush (1989–1993)

President Bush only appointed a counselor, who was a member of his Cabinet during the last 11 months of his single term in the White House. The position was vacant for the first 3 years of his presidency.

Counselor			Term of Office	Party
Vacant			January 20, 1989 – February 1, 1992
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Clayton Yeutter	Clayton Yeutter (1930–2017)	February 1, 1992 – January 20, 1993	Republican

Counselors to President Bill Clinton (1993–2001)

Файл:David Gergen and Bill Clinton.png

Bill Clinton announces the appointment of David Gergen as Counselor to the President, 1993

President Clinton did not appoint a counselor for the first 5 months of his first term. He was the first president in over 20 years whose counselors were not members of his Cabinet.

Counselor			Term of Office	Party
Vacant			January 20, 1993 – May 29, 1993
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	David Gergen	David Gergen (born 1942)	May 29, 1993 – June 10, 1994	Republican
Vacant			June 10, 1994 – July 17, 1994
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Mack McLarty	Mack McLarty (born 1946)	July 17, 1994 – June 30, 1998	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|		Bill Curry (born 1951)	February 21, 1995 – January 20, 1997	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Paul Begala	Paul Begala (born 1961)	August 17, 1997 – March 10, 1999	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Файл:Ann Lewis (138) (13315485475).jpg	Ann Lewis (born 1937)	March 10, 1999 – January 20, 2001	Democratic

Counselors to President George W. Bush (2001–2009)

Файл:Karen Hughes and Laura Bush.jpg

Counselor to the President Karen Hughes and First Lady Laura Bush, June 28, 2002.

Файл:Dan Bartlett.jpg

Counselor to the President Dan Bartlett delivering a briefing on President George W. Bush's State of the Union Message, February 3, 2005.

Файл:David Addington and Ed Gillespie Review Document (19528508416).jpg

Counselor to the President Ed Gillespie (right) and Chief of Staff to the Vice President David Addington review a document, December 5, 2007.

President Bush did not appoint a counselor for the last 2 1/2 years of his first term. He continued predecessors footsteps to not include his counselors as members of his Cabinet.

Counselor			Term of Office	Portfolio	Party
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Karen Hughes	Karen Hughes (born 1956)	January 20, 2001 – July 8, 2002	none	Republican
Vacant			July 8, 2002 – January 5, 2005
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Dan Bartlett	Dan Bartlett (born 1971)	January 5, 2005 – July 5, 2007	Strategic Communication & Policy	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Ed Gillespie	Ed Gillespie (born 1961)	July 5, 2007 – January 20, 2009	Policy Development and Strategic Planning	Republican

Counselors to President Barack Obama (2009–2017)

Файл:P040213PS-0380 (8734868397).jpg

Counselor to the President Pete Rouse, White House Chief of Staff Denis McDonough and Vice President Joe Biden talk with President Barack Obama, April 2, 2013.

Файл:P012915PS-0378 (20894940882).jpg

Counselor to the President John Podesta meets with President Obama in the Oval Office, January 29, 2015.

President Obama did not appoint a counselor for the first 2 years of his first term and did not have one for the last 2 years of his second term. He continued predecessors' footsteps to not include his counselors as members of his Cabinet.

Counselor			Term of Office	Portfolio	Party
Vacant			January 20, 2009 – January 13, 2011
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Pete Rouse	Pete Rouse (born 1946)	January 13, 2011 – January 1, 2014	Legislative Affairs	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	JohnPodesta	John Podesta (born 1949)	January 1, 2014 – February 13, 2015	none	Democratic
Vacant			February 13, 2015 – January 20, 2017

Counselors to President Donald Trump (2017–2021)

Файл:Kellyanne Conway Speaks to the Press (47751382671).jpg

Counselor to the President Kellyanne Conway talks to reporters and answers questions outside the West Wing entrance of the White House.

Файл:Steve Bannon & Reince Priebus (32289576414).jpg

Senior Counselor to the President Steve Bannon appears with White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus at the 2017 Conservative Political Action Conference.

President Trump was the first president since President Gerald Ford to have a counselor throughout all 4 years of his tenure.

Counselor			Term of Office	Portfolio	Party
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Steve Bannon	Steve Bannon (born 1953)	January 20, 2017 – August 18, 2017	Political Strategy (as "Chief Strategist and Senior Counselor")	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Kellyanne Conway	Шаблон:Sortname (born 1967)	January 20, 2017 – August 31, 2020	Political and Polling Strategy (as "Senior Counselor")	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Johnny DeStefano	Johnny DeStefano (born 1979)	February 9, 2018 – May 24, 2019	Intergovernmental Affairs and Political Affairs	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Hope Hicks	Hope Hicks (born 1988)	March 9, 2020 – January 12, 2021	Strategic Communications	Republican
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Derek Lyons	Derek Lyons	May 20, 2020 – January 20, 2021	Domestic Policy	Republican

Counselors to President Joe Biden (2021–present)

Файл:P20211008AS-2427 (51761379896).jpg

Counselor to the President Steve Ricchetti (right) meets with White House Chief of Staff Ron Klain and President Joe Biden in the Oval Office, October 2021.

Counselor			Term of Office	Portfolio	Party
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Steve Ricchetti	Steve Ricchetti	January 20, 2021 – present	Legislative & Governmental Relations	Democratic
style="background:Шаблон:Party color;"|	Jeffrey Zients	Jeffrey Zients (born 1966)	January 20, 2021 – April 4, 2022	COVID Response Coordination	Democratic

See also

• Senior Advisor to the President of the United States
• White House Counsel
• White House Chief Strategist