Английская Википедия:Crèvecœur chicken

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The Crèvecœur is an endangered historic breed of crested chicken from the Pays d'Auge, in the Calvados département of Normandy, in north-western France. It is named after the commune of Crèvecœur-en-Auge. It is related to the La Flèche and to other Norman breeds such as the Caumont and Caux and the extinct Pavilly; the Merlerault was formerly considered a sub-type of the Crèvecœur.

History

The Crèvecœur is among the oldest French breeds of chicken; its origins are unknown. It takes its name from the commune of Crèvecœur-en-Auge, near Lisieux in the historic region of the Pays d'Auge, in the Calvados département of Normandy. Crèvecoeur chickens won prizes at the Exposition Universelle of 1855 in Paris.Шаблон:R The breed was described in detail by Louis Bréchemin in 1894,Шаблон:R but the breed standard was not accepted by the Société d’Aviculture de Basse-Normandie until 1909.Шаблон:R

The Crèvecœur was reared in the United Kingdom from the mid-nineteenth century,Шаблон:R and was added to the Standard of Perfection of the American Poultry Association in 1874.Шаблон:R

The French population of the breed suffered during both the First and Second World Wars; after the latter, it was thought to have virtually disappeared. Recovery was begun in 1976 by Jean-Claude Périquet. In 1995 numbers were reported to be between 100 and 1000 individuals;Шаблон:R in 2007 the breed was classified by the FAO as "endangered".Шаблон:R

Bantam versions were separately developed in the United States from about 1960, and in Germany towards 2000.Шаблон:R

Characteristics

The Crèvecœur has a crest similar to that of the Houdan breed. Unlike the Houdan, it is four-toed and has a V-shaped comb like that of the La Flèche.Шаблон:R

It is most commonly black,Шаблон:R and this is the only colour variant recognised in the United Kingdom and in the United States.Шаблон:R Three other colours are recognised in France: blue,Шаблон:R white,Шаблон:R and cuckoo.Шаблон:R The face, comb, ear-lobes and wattles are bright red, the legs and feet slate blue or black. The beak is a dark horn colour, the eyes may be red or sometimes black.Шаблон:R

Use

The Crèvecœur was traditionally kept as a dual-purpose chicken, raised both for its eggs and for its meat, which is of high quality.Шаблон:R The eggs are white, and weigh about Шаблон:Nobreak.Шаблон:R It is now raised primarily for poultry exhibition.Шаблон:R

References

Шаблон:Chicken breeds of France

Шаблон:Poultry-stub