Английская Википедия:Cromarty Firth
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Infobox body of water
The Cromarty Firth (Шаблон:IPAc-en; Шаблон:Lang-gd Шаблон:IPA-gd; literally "kyles [straits] of Cromarty") is an arm of the Moray Firth in Scotland. Шаблон:Stack
Geography
The entrance to the Cromarty Firth is guarded by two precipitous headlands; the one on the north Шаблон:Convert high and the one on the south Шаблон:Convert high — called "The Sutors" from a fancied resemblance to a couple of shoemakers (in Scots, souters) bent over their lasts. From the Sutors the Firth extends inland in a westerly and then south-westerly direction for a distance of Шаблон:Convert. Excepting between Nigg Bay and Cromarty Bay where it is about Шаблон:Convert wide, and Alness Bay where it is Шаблон:Convert wide, it has an average width of Шаблон:Convert.Шаблон:Sfn The southern shore of the Firth is formed by a peninsula known as the Black Isle. Good views of the Cromarty Firth are to be had from the Sutors or Cnoc Fyrish.
At its head the Firth receives its principal river, the River Conon, other rivers include the Allt Graad, Peffery, Sgitheach, Averon and Balnagown. The Dingwall Canal remains connected to the Firth, although it is now disused. The principal settlements on its shores are Dingwall near the head, Cromarty near the mouth (from which the Firth takes its name), and Invergordon on the north shore. The villages of Evanton, Alness and Culbokie are nearby. There is one bridge, the A9 road crossing between Ardullie and Findon. In the past there were several ferries across the firth (for example at Foulis) but now there is only one, a four-car ferry that runs between Cromarty and Nigg during the summer.
Nature
The firth is designated as a Special Protection Area for wildlife conservation purposes. Many bottlenose dolphins, harbour porpoises, grey seals and harbour seals live here, while minke whales seasonally migrate. Larger animals such as humpback whales, northern bottlenose whales, long-finned pilot whales, common dolphins, large fish such as the sunfish and basking sharks are seasonal or occasional visitors to the firth.[1]
History
The Firth forms one of the safest and most commodious anchorages in the north of ScotlandШаблон:Sfn and Invergordon was at one time a major base for the Royal Navy's Home Fleet. The Firth was the scene of the Invergordon Mutiny in 1931. Remnants of the Navy remain, such as the disused airfield near Evanton (now an industrial estate) which was built to take aircraft from the fleet carriers while they were at anchor. During World War II, there was a large training and operational base for Catalina amphibious aircraft and Sunderland seaplanes, which extended from Invergordon to Alness point - also now an industrial estate. A memorial to the men who were killed on operational missions was placed at this industrial estate in 2001. A propeller from a Catalina was found and restored by RAF apprentices and now resides in the town of Alness. The tennis courts on the industrial estate are the only remaining parts of the estate which date from World War II.
Commerce and industry
At Nigg there is an important North Sea oil and renewable energy centre owned by Global Energy Group since 2011. The yard with a dry dock for repairing and fabricating oil platforms, was opened in 1972 as a joint venture between Brown & Root and construction company George Wimpey. The yard is presently known as Nigg Energy Park.
Elsewhere along the firth are facilities for cruise ships, oil processing, and bulk cargo handling.
Cromarty Firth Port Authority is the body responsible for regulating and managing the commercial and industrial resources of the firth.[2]
Further reading
- interview with Tommy Lafferty, Convenor of the Joint Shop Stewards Committee at the Nigg fabrication yard, in Burnett, Ray (ed.), Calgacus 1, Winter 1975, pp. 20 – 22, Шаблон:Issn
- Rosie, George (1974), Cromarty: The Scramble for Oil, Cannongate, Шаблон:Isbn
- Rosie, George (1978), The Ludwig Initiative: A cautionary tale of North Sea Oil, Mainstream Publishing, Edinburgh, Шаблон:Isbn
References
Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:More footnotes
External links
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Firths of Scotland
- Ports and harbours of Scotland
- Special Protection Areas in Scotland
- Ramsar sites in Scotland
- Sites of Special Scientific Interest in East Ross and Cromarty
- Landforms of Moray
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
.JPG){kind=link}
