Английская Википедия:Crypto-fascism
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Fascism sidebar
Crypto-fascism is the secret support for, or admiration of, fascism or trends close to the ideology. The term is used to imply that an individual or group keeps this support or admiration hidden to avoid political persecution or political suicide. A person, organisation or idea possessing this tendency would be described by the adjective "crypto-fascist".
Origin
In an ABC television debate during the chaos of the 1968 Democratic National Convention, Gore Vidal described William F. Buckley, Jr. as a "sort of pro or crypto-Nazi".[1][2][3] Buckley responded, "Now listen you queer, stop calling me a crypto-Nazi or I’ll sock you in the goddamn face".[4] Vidal later clarified in an essay published in Esquire in 1969, "I had not intended to use the phrase 'pro crypto Nazi.' 'Fascist-minded' was more my intended meaning".[5] In later reporting on this event, the term Vidal used to describe Buckley is sometimes misquoted as "crypto-fascist".[6]
The term "crypto-fascist" had first appeared five years earlier in a German-language book by the sociologist Theodor W. Adorno, Шаблон:Lang-de.[7] Adorno used "crypto-fascism" as early as 1937 in a letter written to Walter Benjamin. In this document, the term is not linked to secret support or admiration of fascism but it is used to refer to someone who is insufficiently conscious when displaying such regressive tendencies.[8]Шаблон:Rp
Usage
The term was used by German Nobel laureate Heinrich Böll in a 1972 essay (titled Шаблон:Lang)[9] that was sharply critical of the tabloid newspaper Шаблон:Lang's coverage of the Baader-Meinhof Gang left-wing terrorist organization. In the essay, Böll stated that what Шаблон:Lang does "is no longer crypto-fascist, no longer fascistoid, that is naked fascism. Incitement, lies, filth."[9]
In an other example, in 2011, writing for the Guardian, Roy Moody suggested that "mainstream Hollywood cinema" and specifically comic book artist and film director Frank Miller are "crypto-fascist" because they promote the view that "war against a ruthless enemy is good, and military service is good, that killing makes you a man, that capitalism must prevail."[10]
See also
References
- ↑ "Gore Vidal vs William Buckley Democratic Convention Debate 3 Шаблон:Webarchive"
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокCryptoNazi68не указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокDebateBloodsport68не указан текст - ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Vidal, Gore, "A Distasteful Encounter with William F. Buckley Jr.", originally published in Esquire, September 1969
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокGesammelteне указан текст - ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокCorrespondenceне указан текст - ↑ 9,0 9,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокspiegelboellне указан текст - ↑ Moody, Roy, "Frank Miller and the rise of cryptofascist Hollywood", The Guardian, November 24, 2011
