Английская Википедия:Ctenacanthiformes
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Ctenacanthiformes is an extinct order of cartilaginous fish. They possessed ornamented fin spines at the front of their dorsal fins and cladodont-type dentition,[1] that is typically of a grasping morphology, though some taxa developed cutting and gouging tooth morphologies.[2] Some ctenacanths are thought to have reached sizes comparable to the great white shark, with body lengths of up to Шаблон:Convert and weights of Шаблон:Convert.[3] The earliest ctenacanths appeared during the Frasnian stage of the Late Devonian (~383-372 million years ago), with the group reaching their greatest diversity during the Early Carboniferous (Mississippian), and continued to exist into at least the Middle Permian (Guadalupian).[4] Some authors have suggested members of the family Ctenacanthidae may have survived into the Cretaceous based on teeth found in deep water deposits of Valanginian age in France[5] and Austria,[6] however, other authors contend that the similarity of these teeth to Paleozoic ctenacanths is only superficial, and they likely belong to neoselachians instead.[7]
Taxonomy
Ctenacanthiformes are suggested to be more closely related to living elasmobranchs (modern sharks and rays) than to Holocephali (which includes living chimaeras).[8] The monophyly of the Ctenacanthiformes has been questioned, with some studies recovering the group as a whole as paraphyletic or polyphyletic with respect to other groups of total group elasmobranchs like Xenacanthiformes.[9]
Following Hodnett et al. 2024[4]
Ctenacanthidae Dean 1909
- Ctenacanthus Agassiz, 1837 (Late Devonian)
- Cladodoides Maisey, 2001 (Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous)
- Cladodus Agassiz, 1843 (Early Carboniferous)
- Goodrichthys Moy-Thomas, 1951 (Early Carboniferous)
- Troglocladodus Hodnett et al. 2024 (Early Carboniferous)
Heslerodidae Maisey 2010
- Avonacanthus Maisey 2010
- Bythiacanthus St. John and Worthen 1875
- Dracopristis Hodnett et al. 2021
- Glencartius Ginter and Skompski 2019
- Glikmanius Ginter et al. 2005
- Heslerodus Ginter 2002
- Heslerodoides Ivanov 2022
- Kaibabvenator Hodnett et al. 2012
- Nanoskalme Hodnett et al. 2012
"Saivodus group"
- Tamiobatis Eastman, 1897
- Saivodus Duffin & Ginter, 2006
- Neosaivodus Hodnett et al. 2012
References
Шаблон:Evolution of fish Шаблон:Taxonbar
Шаблон:Paleo-cartilaginous-fish-stub
