Английская Википедия:Cuman raid on Poland (1101)
Шаблон:Infobox military conflict
The Cuman raid on Poland in 1101Шаблон:Efn was a plundering expedition of nomads living in the Pontic steppes, known by the Slavs as the Polovtsians. The Cumans crossed the Vistula river in 1101 in three places after which they began to ravage the area, but they were defeated in battle by Bolesław III Wrymouth which forced them to retreat.
Background
Prior to the invasion, Bolesław was currently involved in wars against the Pomeranians.[1]Шаблон:Rp The Pomeranians, frightened by Boleslaw, began to besiege Santok, but none of the magnates dared to move to relief, as they were all terribly afraid.[2]Шаблон:Rp[1]Шаблон:Rp Then Boleslaw, against his father's wishes and the objections of many, set out to help the besieged city and with a handful of knights won a great victory.[2]Шаблон:Rp[1]Шаблон:Rp[3] The triumph was great, so Boleslaw's father knighted him, which can be dated to August 15, 1100 or 1101.[1]Шаблон:Rp It also happened that at the meeting during the knighting ceremony someone said words that might suggest the Cuman invasion:[2]Шаблон:Rp[1]Шаблон:Rp
Raid
Shortly after Bolesław's knighting, the lands of Poland were plunged into chaos as the Cumans, a fierce nomadic tribe, who just crossed the Vistula River with wrathful fury in three places to loot.[1]Шаблон:Rp[4]Шаблон:Rp[3][5] The Cumans, known for their swift and brutal raids, swiftly mobilized their forces, intent on spreading terror and destruction throughout the realm.[2]Шаблон:Rp[4]Шаблон:Rp
Under the cover of night, the Cumans launched their assault, crossing the Vistula River in small but formidable groups.[4]Шаблон:Rp[6]Шаблон:RpШаблон:Efn As dawn broke, the unsuspecting Polish villages were engulfed in flames, their inhabitants falling victim to the merciless onslaught. The Cumans, ransacked homes and farms, leaving behind a trail of devastation in their wake.[2]Шаблон:Rp
Despite their fierceness, the Cumans soon encountered unexpected resistance. The small group of brave warriors who stood against the wave of invaders, led by Boleslaw III Wrymouth, fought with courage, determined to defend their homeland.[5] In a decisive battle that followed, the Cumans suffered a crushing defeat, their forces scattered and broken before Bolesław's army.[2]Шаблон:Rp[1]Шаблон:Rp[4]Шаблон:Rp[6]Шаблон:RpШаблон:Efn[3][5]
Aftermath
From that day on, the Cumans had to reckon with the powerful force of Bolesław's rule. Although they still posed a threat to the kingdom, they were never again able to strike with the same ferocity as before.[2]Шаблон:Rp And so, under the watchful eye of the king, Poland stood strong in the face of the dangers that beset it.[2]Шаблон:Rp
See also
References
Notes
Sources
- Gallus Anonymous, Cronica et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum, 1112-1116 Шаблон:ISBN
- Pietras Stanisław, Bolesław Krzywousty, Katowice, Wydawnictwo "Śląsk", 1978 Шаблон:ISBN
- Kadłubek Wincenty, Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae Шаблон:ISBN
- Długosz Jan, Roczniki czyli kroniki sławnego królestwa Polskiego Шаблон:ISBN
External links
- Cronica et gesta ducum sive principum Polonorum (wolnelektury.pl)
- Chronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae
- Roczniki czyli kroniki sławnego królestwa Polskiego (wordpress.com)
- Bolesław III Krzywousty (zamki.name)
- Bolesław III Krzywousty - POCZET.COM
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- History of Poland during the Piast dynasty
- Conflicts in 1101
- 1100s conflicts
- 12th century in Poland
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