Английская Википедия:Cyrillic phonetic alphabets

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

There are several conventions for phonetic transcription using the Cyrillic script, typically augmented with Latin and Greek to fill in missing sounds. The details vary by author, and depend on which letters are available for the language of the text. For instance, in a work written in Ukrainian, Шаблон:Angbr may be used for Шаблон:IPAblink (the voiced equivalent of Шаблон:Angbr), whereas in Russian texts, Шаблон:Angbr is used for Шаблон:IPAblink. This article follows common Russian usage.

Authors differ, for example, in whether they transcribe the voiced fricatives with the South Slavic letters Шаблон:Angbr and Шаблон:Angbr, with the ligatures Шаблон:Angbr and Шаблон:Angbr (which are common in monolingual dictionaries), or as simple digraphs Шаблон:Angbr and Шаблон:Angbr. Latin w, l, k and h are commonly used for IPA Шаблон:IPA, though q is also used with its IPA value instead of k. Greek φ and γ are commonly used for IPA Шаблон:IPA.

Symbols

Parentheses mark alternative symbols.

Vowel letters

	Front		Central		Back
Close	и	ү (ӱ)	ы		ы̅	у
	і (ӭ)		ь
Mid	э (е)	ө (ӧ)	ə		ъ	о
	ӓ (ӕ)				ʌ
Open			а		α

Шаблон:Angbr (or е̌) may be used for [и͡е] and Шаблон:Angbr (or о̌) for [у͡о].

Шаблон:Angbr here is a hack: the top line should connect the two parts of the letter together.

Consonant letters

	Labial		Labio- dental		Denti- Alveolar		Post- alveolar		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Glottal
Nasal		м				н				њ		ҥ (ŋ)
Plosive	п	б			т	д					к	г	k (q)	ґ
Affricate					ц	ѕ (ꚉ)	ч	џ (ԫ)	ћ	ђ
Fricative	φ (f)	w	ф	в	с	з	ш	ж	χ	j	х	γ	ҳ	ҕ	һ
Lateral						л				љ		l
Rhotic						р								ρ
Semivowel		ў								й (j)

Common diacritics

[сꚝ] or [сʼ] palatalized

[с·] not palatalized

[с°] labialized

[с̣] retroflex

[т̪] laminal

[т̯] apical (same as non-syllabic)

[т̇] alveolarized?

[и̇] pharyngealized

[а́] stress

[с꞉] or [с̄] long

[ӑ] short

[д͡ж] or [о͡у] affricate or diphthong

[т͕] unreleased plosive ('implosive')

[л̭] voiceless

[w̬] voiced

[и̃] nasalized

[л̥] syllabic

[и̯] non-syllabic (same as apical)

[о̜] or [о̨] open

[о̹] (or reversed ogonek) close

[о꭪] fronted (diacritic often placed over the letter)

[э꭫] backed (diacritic often placed over the letter)

[ӓ] advanced/fronted and raised

[а·] fronted off-glide

[·а] fronted on-glide or following a non-palatalized consonant

[аᵊ] diphthongal off-glide or centralized