Английская Википедия:Dahlan Abdullah
Шаблон:Indonesian name Шаблон:Infobox officeholder Baginda Dahlan Abdullah (15 June 1895 – 12 May 1950) was an Indonesian educator, politician, and diplomat of Minangkabau descent who served as the first ambassador of the United States of Indonesia to the Kingdom of Iraq, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon.
Biography
Early life
Dahlan Abdullah was born in Pariaman, West Sumatra, in the former Dutch East Indies on 15 June 1895,Шаблон:Efn the eldest son of Abdoellah, a local judge (Шаблон:Lang) of Islamic law, and Siti Alidjah, who is also known as Uniang.Шаблон:Sfn He had two younger brothers and seven younger sisters, three of whom died in childhood.Шаблон:Sfn His family belonged to the Minangkabau ethnic group, which reckons descent matrilineally, and his mother's lineage traces back five generations to the Tanjung clan (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Sfn Despite the matrilineality of Minangkabau culture, Dahlan inherited the aristocratic title Baginda from his father as a result of the influences of the patrilineal Islamic culture on Pariaman and Minangkabau society by traders from the Arab world.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Efn
Growing up, Dahlan lived with his family in the village of Pasia, one of Pariaman's most populated neighborhoods. He learned to read the Quran at a young age and enrolled in an indigenous elementary school (Шаблон:Lang) at age seven or eight.Шаблон:Sfn The forward-thinking Abdoellah later enrolled his son in a Dutch-run school for indigenous children (Шаблон:Lang) in the neighboring city of Padang, from where Dahlan would graduate in 1907.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The following year, his father enrolled him in a prestigious auxiliary teacher training school (Шаблон:Lang) in Fort de Kock (now Bukittinggi), entering in the same class as the future Marxist revolutionary figure Tan Malaka.Шаблон:Sfn It is unknown how Abdoellah was able to enroll his son in the European-style school, but Dutch colonial officials during that period were known to have sympathized with indigenous families whose children demonstrated academic prowess.Шаблон:Sfn
Education and activism in the Netherlands
Upon graduation with an indigenous teacher's certificate in 1913, Dahlan, Tan Malaka, and a third student were offered the opportunity to continue their education in the Netherlands. Sponsored by a scholarship from the Christian Hague Society (Шаблон:Lang), Dahlan arrived in The Hague that November and enrolled in a Christian teacher's school.Шаблон:Sfn School archives indicate that he was the only indigenous person from the East Indies in a class of 21 students, with the remaining students coming from various places throughout the Netherlands. He graduated in 1915, one year earlier than scheduled, with a certificate allowing him to teach primary school.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Dahlan pursued higher education and enrolled in Leiden University, eventually joining the Indies Association (Шаблон:Lang), a student association founded to promote East Indies culture and causes.Шаблон:Sfn In 1916, Java saw its biggest floods in 30 years, submerging villages and rail infrastructure.Шаблон:Sfn Dahlan successfully organized the association's charity event to raise funds for the flood's victims.Шаблон:Sfn That same year, at the urging of the exiled Javanese writer Soewardi Soerjaningrat, he attempted public speaking for the first time at the 1916 Colonial Education Congress (Шаблон:Lang) and advocated for the role of indigenous teachers in Dutch language instruction as part of Dutch Ethical Policy in the East Indies.Шаблон:Sfn Because of these two events, he gained the support of fellow students and, in 1917, was elected as the youngest chairperson in the history of the association at the age of 22.Шаблон:Sfn
At Leiden University, Dahlan formed a close relationship with Шаблон:Ill, a Malay language scholar hired to replace the late linguist Шаблон:Ill. Between 1918 and 1923, Dahlan was hired as Van Ronkel's teaching assistant (Шаблон:Lang), becoming the first native speaker of Malay to teach the language at the university. He provided instruction on conversational Malay to Dutch colonial officer candidates seeking assignment in the East Indies, while Van Ronkel taught Malay grammar.Шаблон:Sfn In 1919, he was accepted as a member of the Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, a prestigious academic journal with special emphasis on Southeast Asia and the East Indies.Шаблон:Sfn
Ambassador to Iraq
Following the conclusion of the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference and the formation of the United States of Indonesia, the newly-formed government appointed the country's first ten ambassadors between January and February 1950. Out of these ten individuals, Dahlan Abdullah and Rasjidi were named ambassadors to the Kingdom of Iraq and the Kingdom of Egypt, respectively, to establish formal relations with two of the first countries to recognize Indonesia's independence and support its diplomatic efforts in the United Nations.Шаблон:Sfn The Masyumi Party, whose selections for posts in Islamic countries were given priority as an Islamic political party, submitted Dahlan's nomination in a cabinet meeting on 20 February. He was sworn in to his post on 27 February, and his appointment took effect on 1 March. Although he was formally assigned to Baghdad, he also represented Indonesia's interests in Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon.Шаблон:Sfn Dahlan presented his diplomatic credentials to 'Abd al-Ilah, the Regent of Iraq, in a ceremony held at the royal palace on 8 April.Шаблон:Sfn
Death
Two of his daughters followed him to Baghdad several days later, where they observed him often working late into the night setting up the embassy's operations and attending diplomatic receptions. He was later admitted into the hospital after exhibiting signs of weakness and exhaustion and died on 12 May.Шаблон:Sfn
Legacy
On the recommendation of Indonesian foreign minister Agus Salim, the government and his family decided to bury him in Baghdad as a "symbol of the eternal bond between Indonesia and Iraq". Dahlan's funeral procession on 19 May was attended by thousands of Baghdad residents, and the Iraqi government granted permission for his body to be interred at the complex of the Mausoleum of Abdul-Qadir Gilani.Шаблон:Sfn
Notes
References
Citations
Bibliography
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- 1895 births
- 1950 deaths
- Indonesian diplomats
- Indonesian politicians
- Indonesia–Iraq relations
- Leiden University alumni
- Minangkabau people
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
