Английская Википедия:Dandry Mire Viaduct

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox bridge Dandry Mire Viaduct, (or Dandrymire Viaduct), is a railway viaduct on the Settle & Carlisle line in Cumbria,[note 1] England. It is just north of Garsdale station, Шаблон:Convert from Шаблон:Rws, and Шаблон:Convert south of Шаблон:Rws. When the Settle & Carlisle line was being built, the traversing of Dandry Mire was to have been by use of an embankment, but the bog swallowed all of the material poured into it, so a trench was dug instead, and a viaduct constructed. The viaduct, which is Шаблон:Convert long and Шаблон:Convert high, is still open to traffic on the railway, and is a prominent landmark at the head of Garsdale.

History

Work started on this part of the line in 1871 as part of the second contract let, with the original intent of crossing Dandry Mire Moss on an embankment rather than a viaduct.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In 1873, it was reported that over Шаблон:Convert of material had been poured into the bog, which had just swallowed it all up, displacing the peat, so much so, that it formed ridges either side of the proposed embankment to a height of nearly Шаблон:Convert.[2] The continual wet weather combined with the boggy nature of Dandry Mire, combined to prompt the builders to try a different approach.[3]

John Sanders, the main architect for the structures on the line, designed a viaduct, and J S Crossley was the chief engineer during the build period.[4] Conversion to a viaduct began in 1873, originally as an 8-arch viaduct, which later became a 12-arch structure, listed under the design plans as bridge 117.Шаблон:Sfn The arches, which are built from coursed sandstone,Шаблон:Sfn were complete by May 1875, with the approach embankments finished two months later. The parapet was completed in September of the same year.[5]

Variations in the length of viaduct are given; mapping from Trackmaps lists it as being Шаблон:Convert,[6] whereas some writers list it as being Шаблон:Convert,[7][8] or Шаблон:Convert.[9] The height is listed as Шаблон:Convert above the bog, but the foundation of each span is dug down to a depth of Шаблон:Convert.[10] The viaduct has twelve-spans,Шаблон:Sfn[11] with each span being between Шаблон:Convert and Шаблон:Convert in length,[12][13] grouped in three lots of four with a thicker pier dividing each group.[14]

The structure is often called Dandry Mire, but it has been known as Moorcock Viaduct,[15][16][17] and occasionally as Garsdale Viaduct,[6] though Dandry Mire is more common than the other two.[18] Some sources list the spelling as one word (Dandrymire), such as Ordnance Survey mapping,[19][20] and typos are quite common (Dandy Mire).[21] The name Dandry Mire, is first recorded in 1771.[22]

During the Second World War, a Luftwaffe bomber dropped bombs near the viaduct; it missed the viaduct by several hundred yards, although it was apparently aiming for Newcastle, some Шаблон:Convert away.[23]

The viaduct is Шаблон:Convert north of Settle railway station,Шаблон:Sfn and Шаблон:Convert south of Carlisle railway station, with it being measured as Шаблон:Convert north of London St Pancras.[6] Besides spanning Dandry Mire Moss, the viaduct also now spans the Pennine Bridleway between Garsdale railway station, and Moorcock Inn.[19]Шаблон:Sfn The south side of the A684 road by Moorcock Inn is the site of the Dandry Mire camp, where stone-masons and navvies associated with constructing the viaduct (and other structures on this stretch of line) were housed.[24]Шаблон:Sfn The viaduct was grade II listed in June 1984,[14] and is recognised as being a prominent landmark at the head of Garsdale, where the watershed divides between the Rivers Clough, Eden and Ure.[25]

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

See also

References

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Sources

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Шаблон:Cite book
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 Шаблон:NHLE
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 Шаблон:Cite map
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite report
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web


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