Английская Википедия:Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County

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Шаблон:Infobox settlement Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County (Шаблон:Zh; usually referred to as "Daozhen County" (Шаблон:Zh), is a county in northernmost Guizhou province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zunyi. Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is surrounded by Chongqing on the north, Zheng'an County on the southwest, and Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County on the southeast. The county covers Шаблон:Convert, as of 2018, it has a census registered population of 352,149. The county has one subdistrict, eleven towns, one ethnic township and two townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat is Yinzhen Subdistrict.

Etymology

The name of "Yinzhen" is named after the courtesy name "Daozhen" (Шаблон:Zh) of Yin Zhen (Шаблон:Zh), a Confucian scholar who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220) and was one of "Three Sages of Han in Guizhou", the other two were She Ren (Шаблон:Zh) and Sheng Lan (Шаблон:Zh).

History

After conquering all the states, Emperor Qin Shi Huang implemented the system of prefectures and counties in 221 BC. Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County came under the jurisdiction of Ba Commandery (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

In the Western Han dynasty (206 BC–8 AD), it belonged to Fuling County (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

In 221, the county under the control of Shu Han (221–263).Шаблон:Sfn

After the Disaster of Yongjia in 311, local ethnic groups resisted full subjugation and the central government lost its jurisdiction.Шаблон:Sfn

In 564, Feng Zhou (Шаблон:Zh) was formed after the native ruler Tian Sihe (Шаблон:Zh) made agreements with the Northern Zhou Empire (557–581). Ten years later it was renamed "Qian Zhou" (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

After China was reunified during the Sui dynasty (589–618), Xin'an County (Шаблон:Zh) was formed and under the administration of Mingyang Commandery (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

Under the Tang dynasty (618–907), its name was replaced by "Xinning County" (Шаблон:Zh) and under the administration of Yi Zhou (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn It came under the jurisdiction of Qian Zhou (Шаблон:Zh) in 673, Zhen Zhou (Шаблон:Zh) in 642 and later Zhen Zhou (Шаблон:Zh) in 807.Шаблон:Sfn After the fall of Tang dynasty, the central government lost its jurisdiction again.Шаблон:Sfn

In 965, the native leader Tian Jingqian (Шаблон:Zh) paid allegiance to the Emperor Taizong, who declared the new Qiande period of the Song dynasty (960–1279) five years ago.Шаблон:Sfn Its name was changed to Gao Zhou (Шаблон:Zh) in 968 and restored the former name "Zhen Zhou" (Шаблон:Zh) in 1108.Шаблон:Sfn In 1274, it was under jurisdiction of Bo Zhou (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

In 1363, Ming Yuzhen founded the Ming Xia in southwest China during the chaotic late Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), the name was changed to "Zhen Zhou" (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

In 1372, Yang Keng (Шаблон:Zh), the top local official, paid allegiance to Hongwu Emperor, who set up the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) four years ago.Шаблон:Sfn It came under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Buzhengshisi (Шаблон:Zh) and later Guizhou Buzhengshisi (Шаблон:Zh) in 1382.Шаблон:Sfn In 1600, local government known as "Bozhou Xuanweisi" (Шаблон:Zh) rose in rebellion against the central government.Шаблон:Sfn Wanli Emperor sent troops to pacify the rebellion. Zhen'an Zhou (Шаблон:Zh) was split from "Bozhou Xuanweisi" after the rebellion was suppressed.Шаблон:Sfn

In 1724, in the ruling of Yongzheng Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), it was renamed "Zheng'an Zhou" (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

In July 1914, Zheng'an Zhou was revoked and Daozhen County was set up.Шаблон:Sfn

On December 21, 1949, the Communists took over Daozhen County.Шаблон:Sfn It came under the jurisdiction of Zunyi Special District (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn In December 1958, Daozhen County was revoked and merged into Zheng'an County. Daozhen County was restored in August 1961. In November 1987 it became an autonomous county known as "Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County" approved by the State Council of China.

Administrative division

Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County has one subdistrict, eleven towns, one ethnic township and two townships under its jurisdiction. The county seat is Yinzhen Subdistrict.

Name	Chinese character	Population (2015)	Area (Km2)	Notes
Yinzhen Subdistrict	Шаблон:Lang
Yuxi	Шаблон:Lang	245.89	76,000
Sanjiang	Шаблон:Lang	74.95	15,000
Longxing	Шаблон:Lang	167.52	32,100
Jiucheng	Шаблон:Lang	167	26,000
Zhongxin	Шаблон:Lang	155.66	22,000
Luolong	Шаблон:Lang	226.36	20,000
Yangxi	Шаблон:Lang	185.4	13,000
Sanqiao	Шаблон:Lang	229.2	30,000
Daqian	Шаблон:Lang	192.8	25,000
Pingmu	Шаблон:Lang	90.6	20,000
Hekou	Шаблон:Lang	138.16	15,000
Zongping Township	Шаблон:Lang	77.12	14,000
Taoyuan Township	Шаблон:Lang	106.15	10,000
Shangba Tujia Ethnic Township	Шаблон:Lang	99.67	18,000

Geography

Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is located in northern Guizhou province.Шаблон:Sfn Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County shares a border with Chongqing on the north, Zheng'an County on the southwest, and Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County on the southeast.Шаблон:Sfn The county has a combined area of Шаблон:Convert, of which Шаблон:Convert is land and Шаблон:Convert is covered by water.Шаблон:Sfn

Climate

Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of Шаблон:Convert, total annual rainfall of Шаблон:Convert, a frost-free period of 270 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1059.9 hours.Шаблон:Sfn

Rivers

There are 45 rivers and streams in the county. The major rivers are Furong River (Шаблон:Zh), Mei River (Шаблон:Zh), Sanjiang River (Шаблон:Zh), and Luolong River (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

Mountains

Шаблон:Main There are more than 26 mountains over Шаблон:Convert above sea level in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County.Шаблон:Sfn Mazhuayan (Шаблон:Zh) is the highest point in the county, which, at Шаблон:Convert above sea level.Шаблон:Sfn The second highest point in the tcounty is Mopanshi (Шаблон:Zh) which stands Шаблон:Convert above sea level.Шаблон:Sfn

Natural resources

Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is rich in natural resources. There are nearly 20 kinds of mineral resources, such as coal, oil shale, aluminium, iron, lead, zinc, silver, gypsum, calcite, etc. Coal reserves reached 116 million tons, making it became one of the "four coal fields in Zunyi".

Fauna

There are more than 400 species of terrestrial vertebrates in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County. Among them, there are four kinds of national first-class protected wild animals, including françois' langur, musk deer, leopard, and clouded leopard, and more than 30 kinds of national second-class protected wild animals, such as macaque, Tibetan macaque, large Indian civet, pangolin and golden pheasant.

Flora

Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County has more than 100 species of wild plants of which 30 have state protection, such as Cathaya, Davidia involucrata, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Cinnamomum camphora, etc.

Demographics

Population

As of 2018, there were 352,149 people, including 234,678 rural population and 117,471 urban population.

Language

Mandarin is the official language.

Religion

The Gelao and Miao people believe in animism and worship ancestors. Buddhism and Taoism was introduced into Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County after the conquest of Song dynasty (960–1279).

Tourism

Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County touts many attractions, including the Fairy Cave (Шаблон:Zh), Dashahe Provincial Nature Reserve (Шаблон:Zh) and Luolong National Ecological Park (Шаблон:Zh).Шаблон:Sfn

Notable people

• Liu Jiahua (Шаблон:Zh), politician.
• Xiong Xianyu (Шаблон:Zh), PLA military officer.

References

Bibliography

• Шаблон:Cite book