Английская Википедия:David Pearce (philosopher)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use British English Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox person David Pearce (born April 1959)[1] is a British transhumanist philosopher.[2][3][4] He is the co-founder of the World Transhumanist Association, currently rebranded and incorporated as Humanity+.[5][6] Pearce approaches ethical issues from a lexical negative utilitarian perspective.[7]
Based in Brighton, England, Pearce maintains a series of websites devoted to transhumanist topics and what he calls the "hedonistic imperative", a moral obligation to work towards the abolition of suffering in all sentient life.[8][9] His self-published internet manifesto, The Hedonistic Imperative (1995), outlines how pharmacology, genetic engineering, nanotechnology and neurosurgery could converge to eliminate all forms of unpleasant experience from human and non-human life, replacing suffering with "information-sensitive gradients of bliss".[10][11] Pearce calls this the "abolitionist project".[12]
Early life and education
Pearce grew up in Burpham, Surrey. His parents, grandparents and three of his great-grandparents were all vegetarian and his father was a Quaker. From a young age, Pearce was concerned with death and aging, and later the problem of suffering. Pearce received a scholarship to study Politics, Philosophy and Economics at the University of Oxford, but never finished his degree.[13]
Hedonistic transhumanism
In 1995, Pearce set up BLTC Research, a network of websites publishing texts about transhumanism and related topics in pharmacology and biopsychiatry.[14] He published The Hedonistic Imperative that year, arguing that "[o]ur post-human successors will rewrite the vertebrate genome, redesign the global ecosystem, and abolish suffering throughout the living world."[15]
Pearce's ideas inspired an abolitionist school of transhumanism, or "hedonistic transhumanism", based on his idea of "paradise engineering" and his argument that the abolition of suffering—which he calls the "abolitionist project"—is a moral imperative.[12][16][17] He defends a version of negative utilitarianism.
He outlines how drugs and technologies, including intracranial self-stimulation ("wireheading"), designer drugs and genetic engineering could end suffering for all sentient life.[12] Mental suffering will be a relic of the past, just as physical suffering during surgery was eliminated by anaesthesia.[8] The function of pain will be provided by some other signal, without the unpleasant experience.[12]
A vegan, Pearce argues that humans have a responsibility not only to avoid cruelty to animals within human society but also to redesign the global ecosystem so that animals do not suffer in the wild.[18] He has argued in favour of a "cross-species global analogue of the welfare state",[19] suggesting that humanity might eventually "reprogram predators" to limit predation, reducing the suffering of animals who are predated.[20] Fertility regulation could maintain herbivore populations at sustainable levels, "a more civilised and compassionate policy option than famine, predation, and disease".[21] The increasing number of vegans and vegetarians in the transhumanism movement has been attributed in part to Pearce's influence.[22]
Humanity+ and other roles
In 1998, Pearce co-founded the World Transhumanist Association, known from 2008 as Humanity+, with Nick Bostrom.[10] Pearce is a member of the board of advisors.[23]
Currently, Pearce is a fellow of the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies,[24] and sits on the futurist advisory board of the Lifeboat Foundation.[25] He is also the director of bioethics of Invincible Wellbeing[26] and is on the advisory boards of the Center on Long-Term Risk,[27] the Organisation for the Prevention of Intense Suffering[28] and since 2021 the Qualia Research Institute.[29]
Until 2013, Pearce was on the editorial advisory board of the controversial and non-peer-reviewed journal Medical Hypotheses.[30] He has been interviewed by Vanity Fair (Germany) and on BBC Radio 4's The Moral Maze, among others.[31][32]
Pearce currently serves as an advisory board member for Herbivorize Predators,[33] an organization whose mission is to discover how to transform carnivorous animals into herbivorous ones in order to minimize suffering across all species.[34]
Books
- Шаблон:Cite book
- "The Biointelligence Explosion: How Recursively Self-Improving Organic Robots will Modify their Own Source Code and Bootstrap Our Way to Full-Spectrum Superintelligence" in Шаблон:Cite book
- Can Biotechnology Abolish Suffering?. Vinding, M. (Ed.). 2017. ASIN B075MV9KS2
See also
References
External links
Шаблон:Animal rights Шаблон:Transhumanism footer Шаблон:Vegetarianism Шаблон:Wild animal suffering
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Brey, Philip; Søraker, Johnny Hartz (2009). "Philosophy of Computing and Information Technology", in Anthonie Meijers (ed.). Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences. Elsevier, 1389.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 8,0 8,1 Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Hauskeller, Michael (January 2010). "Nietzsche, the Overhuman and the Posthuman: A Reply to Stefan Sorgner". Journal of Evolution and Technology. 21(1), 5–8.
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 Bostrom (2005), 15.
- ↑ Pearce, David (2012). "The Biointelligence Explosion", in Amnon H. Eden, et al. (eds.). Singularity Hypotheses: A Scientific and Philosophical Assessment. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 199–236.
- ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 Thweatt-Bates, Jeanine (2016). Cyborg Selves: A Theological Anthropology of the Posthuman. London: Routledge, 50–51 (first published 2012).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Adams, Nathan A. IV (2004). "An Unnatural Assault on Natural Law" in Colson, Charles W. and Nigel M. de S. Cameron (eds.). Human Dignity in the Biotech Century: A Christian Vision for Public Policy. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 167. Шаблон:ISBN
- ↑ Hughes, James J. (2007). "The Compatibility of Religious and Transhumanist Views of Metaphysics, Suffering, Virtue and Transcendence in an Enhanced Future" Шаблон:Webarchive, Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, 20.
- ↑ Bostrom (2005), 16.
- ↑ Thweatt-Bates (2016), 100–101.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite interview
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite interview
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ "Advisors" Шаблон:Webarchive, Humanity+.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Advisory boards, Lifeboat Foundation.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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