Английская Википедия:Dayenu

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Файл:Daiyyeinu manuscript.jpg

Dayenu page from Birds' Head Haggada

Dayenu (Hebrew:Шаблон:Script/Hebrew) is a song that is part of the Jewish holiday of Passover. The word "dayenu" means approximately "it would have been enough", "it would have been sufficient", or "it would have sufficed" (day in Hebrew is "enough", and -enu the first person plural suffix, "to us"). This traditional up-beat Passover song is over one thousand years old. The earliest full text of the song occurs in the first medieval haggadah, which is part of the ninth-century Seder Rav Amram. The song is about being grateful to God for all of the gifts given to the Jewish people, such as taking them out of slavery, giving them the Torah and Shabbat, and had God only given one of the gifts, it would have still been enough. This is to show much greater appreciation for all of them as a whole. The song appears in the haggadah after the telling of the story of the exodus and just before the explanation of Passover, matzah, and the maror.

Stanzas

Dayenu has 15 stanzas representing the 15 gifts God bestowed. The first five involve freeing the Jews from slavery, the next describe the miracles He did for them, and the last five for the closeness to God He gave them. Each of the stanzas is followed by the word "Dayenu" (it would have been enough) sung repeatedly. The 15 stanzas are as follows:

Text

Файл:Dayeinuscore.PNG

Dayenu, with transliterated lyrics and melody

	English translation	Transliteration	Hebrew
Verse 1:
	If He had brought us out from Egypt,	Ilu hotzianu mimitzrayim,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not carried out judgments against them	v'lo asah bahem sh'fatim,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 2:
	If He had carried out judgments against them,	Ilu asah bahem sh'fatim	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and not against their idols	v'lo asah beloheihem,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 3:
	If He had destroyed their idols,	Ilu asah beloheihem,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not smitten their first-born	v'lo harag et b'choreihem,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 4:
	If He had smitten their first-born,	Ilu harag et b'choreihem,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not given us their wealth	v'lo natan lanu et mamonam,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 5:
	If He had given us their wealth,	Ilu natan lanu et mamonam,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not split the sea for us	v'lo kara lanu et hayam,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 6:
	If He had split the sea for us,	Ilu kara lanu et hayam,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not taken us through it on dry land	v'lo he'eviranu b'tocho becharavah,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 7:
	If He had taken us through the sea on dry land,	Ilu he'eviranu b'tocho becharavah,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not drowned our oppressors in it	v'lo shika tzareinu b'tocho,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 8:
	If He had drowned our oppressors in it,	Ilu shika tzareinu b'tocho,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not supplied our needs in the desert for forty years	v'lo sipeik tzorkeinu bamidbar arba'im shana,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 9:
	If He had supplied our needs in the desert for forty years,	Ilu sipeik tzorkeinu bamidbar arba'im shana,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not fed us the manna	v'lo he'echilanu et haman,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 10:
	If He had fed us the manna,	Ilu he'echilanu et haman,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not given us the Shabbat	v'lo natan lanu et hashabbat,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 11:
	If He had given us the Shabbat,	Ilu natan lanu et hashabbat,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not brought us before Mount Sinai	v'lo keirvanu lifnei har sinai,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 12:
	If He had brought us before Mount Sinai,	Ilu keirvanu lifnei har sinai,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not given us the Torah	v'lo natan lanu et hatorah,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 13:
	If He had given us the Torah,	Ilu natan lanu et hatorah,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and had not brought us into the land of Israel	v'lo hichnisanu l'eretz yisra'eil,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
Verse 14:
	If He had brought us into the land of Israel,	Ilu hichnisanu l'eretz yisra'eil,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	and not built for us the Holy Temple	v'lo vanah lanu et beit hamikdash,	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew
	— Dayenu, it would have sufficed!	dayeinu!	Шаблон:Script/Hebrew

Associated customs

Jews in Afghanistan and Iran hit each other over the head with green onions during the refrain beginning with the ninth stanza (Even if you had supplied our needs in the desert for 40 years but not provided us with manna). This may be due to a passage in Numbers 11:5–6, where the Israelites see manna and recall Egypt. "We remember the fish that we used to eat in Egypt, the cucumbers, the melons, the leeks, the onions and the garlic. Now our gullets are shriveled. There is nothing at all. Nothing but this manna to look at." It is thought that by beating each other with the onions they taught themselves not to yearn for Egypt or to forget Egyptian slavery.

In popular culture

• Independent Israeli guitarist and singer Udi Davidi recorded a modern rendition of "Dayenu" on his 2006 album entitled "Back To You" (Шаблон:Script/Hebrew).
• Pianist Richard Dworsky does a rendition of the song "Dayenu" every year during Passover on the public radio program A Prairie Home Companion.
• In Israeli screenings of The Rocky Horror Picture Show, after the line "if only we hadn't made this journey... if only the car hadn't broken down... oh, if only we were amongst friends... Or sane persons," the audience sings the chorus of "Dayenu".Шаблон:Citation needed
• In the episode "Free to Be You and Me" of Supernatural, Dean tells the angel Castiel "Dayenu" as if the situation they are in is destined to be.
• Near the beginning of the 2013 videogame BioShock Infinite, a preacher recites a spoken sermon in a form identical to the song ("If he had done this, but not this, it would have been enough"), but in praise of the game's major antagonist rather than of God.
• In 2015, The Maccabeats, an a cappella group at Yeshiva University, released a Passover music video featuring a mashup of "Dayenu" which incorporated eight different musical motifs, including doo-wop, polka, heavy metal, funk, hip-hop, "island", dubstep, and barbershop quartet.
• "Dayenu" was used to explain the final game of the 2016 World Series that gave the Chicago Cubs a win after 108 years of drought.
• Kiko Arguello, the founder of the Neocatechumenal Way, composed a song called "Dayenu" replacing the original, Jewish text with Christian text.

See also

• Music of Israel
• Jewish prayer

External links

• Listen to Dayenu online