Английская Википедия:Deșteaptă-te, române!

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"Шаблон:Lang" ("Awaken Thee, Romanian!"; Шаблон:IPA-ro) is the national anthem of Romania and former national anthem of Moldova.

The lyrics were composed by Andrei Mureșanu (1816–1863), and the music was popular (it was chosen for the poem by Gheorghe Ucenescu, as most sources say). It was written and published during the 1848 revolution, initially with the name "Un răsunet" ("An echo"), as a lyrical response to Vasile Alecsandri's poem "Către Români" ("To Romanians"), later known as "Deșteptarea României" ("The Awakening of Romania"), from which Mureșanu took inspiration for many of the themes and motifs of his own lyrics, a fact that is reflected in the overall similarity between the two poems. The original text was written in the Romanian Cyrillic alphabet. It was first sung in late June in the same year in the city of Brașov, on the streets of the Șcheii Brașovului neighborhood and it became immediately the revolutionary anthem.

Since then, this patriotic song has been sung during all major Romanian conflicts, including during the 1989 anti-communist revolution. After the revolution, it became the national anthem on 24 January 1990, replacing the communist-era national anthem "Trei culori" ("Three colours").

29 July, the "National Anthem Day" (Ziua Imnului național), is an annual observance in Romania.

The anthem was also used on various solemn occasions in the Moldavian Democratic Republic during its brief existence between 1917 and 1918. Between 1991 and 1994, "Шаблон:Lang" was the national anthem of Moldova before it was subsequently replaced by the current Moldovan anthem, "Limba noastră" ("Our language").

History

The melody was originally a sentimental song called "Din sânul maicii mele" composed by Anton Pann after hearing the poem. In 1848 Andrei Mureșanu wrote the poem Un răsunet and asked Gheorghe Ucenescu, a Șcheii Brașovului Church singer, to find him a suitable melody. After Ucenescu sang him several lay melodies, Mureșanu chose Anton Pann's song instead.

First sung during the uprisings of 1848, "Deșteaptă-te române!" became a favourite among Romanians and it has seen play during various historical events, including as part of Romania's declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), and during World War I. The song received particularly heavy radio broadcast in the days following Romanian coup d'état of 23 August 1944, when Romania switched sides, turning against Nazi Germany and joining the Allies in World War II.

After the Communist Party abolished the monarchy on 30 December 1947, "Deșteaptă-te române!" and other patriotic songs closely associated with the previous regime were outlawed.Шаблон:Cn Nicolae Ceaușescu's government permitted the song to be played and sung in public, but it was not given state recognition as the national anthem of the Socialist Republic of Romania.

The song was officially adopted as the national anthem on 24 January 1990, shortly after the Romanian Revolution of December 1989.

The overall message of the anthem is a "call to action"; it proposes a "now or never" urge for change present in many national anthems like the French revolutionary song "La Marseillaise" – hence why Nicolae Bălcescu called it the "Romanian Marseillaise".

Another anthem

"Hora Unirii" ("Hora of the Union"), written by poet Vasile Alecsandri (1821–1890), which was sung a great deal on the occasion of the Union of the Principalities (1859) and on other occasions. "Hora Unirii" is sung on the Romanian folk tune of a slow but energetic round dance joined by the whole attendance (hora).

Lyrics

Romania's national anthem has eleven stanzas. Today, only the first, second, fourth, and last are sung on official occasions, as established by Romanian law. At major events such as the National Holiday on 1 December, the full version is sung, accompanied by 21-gun saluteШаблон:Cn when the President is present at the event.

Romanian official

Romanian original	Original orthography (1848)	IPA transcriptionШаблон:Efn	English translation
<poem>Шаблон:Lang</poem>	<poem>Шаблон:Lang</poem>	<poem>Шаблон:IPA</poem>	<poem>I Wake up Romanians from your sleep of death Into which you've been sunk by 𝄆 the barbaric tyrants 𝄆 . (𝄆) Now or never, sow a new fate for yourself To which even your cruel enemies will bow! II Now or never, let us show the world That through these arms, Roman blood still flows; And that in our chests we still proudly bear a name Triumphant in battles, the name of Trajan! III Raise your broad forehead and see around you How, like fir trees on a mountain, brave youths, of a hundred thousand An order they await, ready to pounce, as if wolves on sheep. Old men and young, from mountains high and plains wide! IV Behold, mighty shadows; Michael, Stephen, Corvinus,Шаблон:Efn The Romanian nation, your great grandchildren. With armed hands, with your fire in their veins, "Life in liberty or death", they all proclaim! V You were vanquished by the evils of your envy And by blind disunity at Milcov and the Carpathians But we, whose souls were pierced by holy liberty, Swear that forever in brotherhood we will join! VI A widowed mother from time of Michael the Brave Of her sons, she today demands a helping hand And curses, with tears in her eyes, whosoever In times of such great need, a traitor proven! VII Of thunder and of brimstone should they perish Anyone who flees from this glorious calling. When homeland and our mothers, with a sorrowful heart, Will ask us to cross through swords and blazing fire! VIII Have we not had enough of the barbaric crescent's yatagan Whose fatal wounds we still feel today? Now, the knout is intruding on our ancestral lands But the Lord is our witness that so long as we are alive, we won't accept it! IX Have we not had enough of despotism and its unseeing eye Whose yoke, like cattle, for centuries we have carried? Now the cruel ones are trying, in their blind arrogance, To take away our language, but only dead shall we surrender it! X Romanians of the four corners of the world, now or never, Unite in thought, unite in feeling! Proclaim to the world that the Danube has been stolen Through intrigue and coercion, sly machinations! XI Priests, lead with holy crosses, for this army is Christian, Its motto is liberty and its goal all too holy. Better to die in battle in with eternal glory, Than to once again be slaves on our ancient lands!</poem>

Other versions

Note that, in accordance with Romanian law, there are no official translations of the anthem.

Russian version (used by Lipovans)

<poem>Отбрось оковы, сердце румынского народа, Восстань от векового, от мертвенного сна! Уже настало время зажечь огонь свободы И за свои страданья врагам воздать сполна! Уже настало время низвергнуть гнет тирана, Принесший столько горя и зла краям родным. Пусть целый мир узнает: мы — правнуки Траяна, И чести славных предков вовек не посрамим! О Михай, Штефан, Матьяш, великие владыки, Не стыдно нам, потомкам, в глаза вам посмотреть: В руках мечи сверкают, огнём пылают лики, Как гром, призыв суровый: «Свобода или смерть!» Благословенна будет грядущая расплата, Священный, вечный подвиг — спасти страну свою. Мы вызволим отчизну из рабства супостатов Или падем со славой в отчаянном бою!</poem>

See also

• "Limba noastră", national anthem of Moldova
• "Dimãndarea pãrinteascã", ethnic anthem of the Aromanians

External links

• Romania: Шаблон:Lang – Audio of the national anthem of Romania, with information and lyrics (archive link)
• Шаблон:Cite web
• Romania: Шаблон:Lang – Video with scores and authentic video material of the Romanian revolution 1989 of the national anthem of Romania, with information in description and Creative Commons resources for Download in description (archive link)