Английская Википедия:De (Cyrillic)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:More citations needed Шаблон:Cyrillic alphabet navbox De (Д д or D, g; italics: Д д or D, g or Д д or D ɡ; italics: Д д or D ɡ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the voiced dental stop Шаблон:IPA, like the pronunciation of Шаблон:Angbr in "door", except closer to the teeth. De is usually romanised using the Latin letter D.
History
The Cyrillic letter De was derived from the Greek letter Delta (Δ δ).
In the Early Cyrillic alphabet its name was Шаблон:Script (dobro), meaning "good".
In the Cyrillic numeral system, De had a value of 4.
Form
The major graphic difference between De and its modern Greek equivalent lies in the two descenders ("feet") below the lower corners of the Cyrillic letter. The descenders were borrowed from a Byzantine uncial shape of uppercase Delta. The descenders sometimes make De confusable with a Latin letter A or the identical Cyrillic letter.
De, like the Cyrillic letter El, has two typographical variants: an older variant where its top is pointed (like Delta), and a modern one (first used in mid-19th-century fonts) where it is square. Nowadays, almost all books and magazines are printed with fonts with the second variant of the letter; the first one is rather stylish and only a few popular text fonts use it (the best known example is "Baltika" designed in 1951-52 by V. G. Chiminova and others).
In italic (Russian) type, the lowercase form looks more like the lowercase Latin Шаблон:Angbr, a mirrored numeral 6 or a partial derivative symbol Шаблон:Angbr. Southern (Serbian, Bulgarian, Macedonian) typography may prefer a variant that looks like a single-storey lowercase Latin Шаблон:Angbr. Cursive lowercase De has the same two shapes, but with a different distribution: for example, the g-shaped variant is a standard for Russian schools.[1]
The (Russian-Ukrainian-Belarusian-Bulgarian) cursive form of capital De looks like Latin D as the printed version is not comfortable enough to be written quickly. The Serbian cursive form is closer to the shape of a numeral "2" (identical to the form sometimes used for uppercase cursive Latin Q); this form is unknown in Russia.
Usage
It most often represents the voiced dental plosive Шаблон:IPA. However, word-finally and before voiceless consonants, it represents a voiceless Шаблон:IPA. Before a palatalizing vowel, it represents Шаблон:IPA.
Related letters and other similar characters
- Δ δ : Greek letter Delta
- D d : Latin letter D
- Л л : Cyrillic letter El
- Ԁ ԁ : Cyrillic letter Komi De
- G g : Latin letter G
- ∂ : Partial derivative symbol
Computing codes
References
External links