Английская Википедия:Decatur County, Kansas
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox U.S. county
Decatur County is a county located in Northwest Kansas. Its county seat and most populous city is Oberlin.[1] As of the 2020 census, the county population was 2,764.[2] The county was named in honor of Stephen Decatur, Jr., a commodore in the United States Navy who served during both Barbary Wars in North Africa, the Quasi-War with France, and the War of 1812 with Britain.
History
19th century
In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state.
Decatur County was established by an act of the state legislature on 1873-03-20,Шаблон:Sfn which defined the original borders of the county as: Шаблон:Bquote The county had been surveyed the previous year, and its first settlers had been arriving since then.Шаблон:Sfn
Independent county government was established on 1879-12-11, by proclamation of Governor John A. Martin in response to a petition.Шаблон:Sfn Martin originally proclaimed Oberlin as the county seat, as an initial temporary arrangement.Шаблон:Sfn It was chosen as the permanent seat by an election on 1880-02-03.Шаблон:Sfn
The county is named for the Navy war hero Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr.,Шаблон:Sfn[3] who served during the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War and the War of 1812.
In 1878, the Sappa Creek valley in Decatur county was the scene of the last raid by Native Americans (Indians) in Kansas. In the Northern Cheyenne Exodus after the Battle of Punished Woman's Fork, a band of Cheyenne needing horses and provisions raged through the valley, killing more than 30 civilians and raping several woman. Several Cheyenne elderly, women, and children were also killed in the region by soldiers and civilians.[4] In Oberlin, the Decatur County Last Indian Raid Museum commemorates the Cheyenne raid.[5][6]
The county's first newspaper was the Oberlin Herald, established on 1879-06-12 by Humphrey & Counter.Шаблон:Sfn Later Oberlin newspapers included the Oberlin Eye and the Oberlin Opinion.Шаблон:Sfn The Norcatur Register was published in Norcatur,Шаблон:Sfn and there were two more newspapers in Dresden and Jennings as of 1909.Шаблон:Sfn
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Шаблон:Convert, of which Шаблон:Convert is land and Шаблон:Convert (0.07%) is water.[7]
Geology and hydrolology
The county is crossed by Beaver Creek and Long Branch Creek in the north, by Sappa Creek in the middle, and by Prarie Dog Creek and South Fork Solomon River in the south.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Sappa has two forks, north and south, and Prairie Dog's principal branch is Tom Cat.Шаблон:Sfn
Adjacent counties
- Red Willow County, Nebraska (north)
- Furnas County, Nebraska (northeast)
- Norton County (east)
- Sheridan County (south)
- Thomas County (southwest)
- Rawlins County (west)
Demographics
Шаблон:US Census population In 1879 the population was just over 1,500.Шаблон:Sfn By 1886 there were 6,300 people in the county, up from 4,067 in 1885.Шаблон:Sfn By the 1910 Census this had risen to 8.976.Шаблон:Sfn
As of the 2000 census,[8] there were 3,472 people, 1,494 households, and 981 families residing in the county. The population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 1,821 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 97.87% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.37% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.98% of the population.
There were 1,494 households, out of which 25.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.00% were married couples living together, 5.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.30% were non-families. 32.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.60% under the age of 18, 4.70% from 18 to 24, 22.90% from 25 to 44, 22.60% from 45 to 64, and 26.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 97.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.40 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $30,257, and the median income for a family was $34,982. Males had a median income of $25,139 versus $17,368 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,348. About 8.00% of families and 11.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.20% of those under age 18 and 6.30% of those age 65 or over.
Government
Decatur county is heavily Republican. The last time a democratic candidate carried the county was in 1936 by Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Presidential elections
Laws
Following amendment to the Kansas Constitution in 1986, the county remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 2002, when voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement.[9]
Education
Unified school districts
There were 101 school districts in the county in 1909.Шаблон:Sfn
Communities
‡ means a community has portions in an adjacent county.
Cities
- Clayton‡
- Dresden in Dresden Township Шаблон:Convert south of OberlinШаблон:Sfn
- JenningsШаблон:Sfn
- Norcatur on the CB&Q railroad Шаблон:Convert easst of OberlinШаблон:Sfn
- Oberlin (county seat)
Post offices
The first post office in the county was Sappa, established in April 1874 by postmaster J. A. Rodehaver.Шаблон:Sfn It was located where Oberlin now is.Шаблон:Sfn In 1886 there were seventeen post offices in the county: Allison, Altory, Bassettville, Cedar Bluffs, Decatur, Hawkeye, Hooker, Jackson, Jenings, Lyle, Oberlin, Norcatur, Sheffield, Shibboleth, Stephen, Traer, and Vallonia.Шаблон:Sfn
Hamlets
In the 19th and early 20th century there were several hamlets:
- Allison in Allison Township on the North Fork Solomon River, Шаблон:Convert south-east of OberlinШаблон:Sfn
- Bassetville in Bassettville Township on Sappa Creek, Шаблон:Convert south-west of OberlinШаблон:Sfn
- Cedar Bluffs in Beaver Township on Beaver Creek and the CB&Q railroad, Шаблон:Convert north of Oberlin with schools, churches, stores, a telegraph and express office, and the aforementioned Cedar Bluffs post office.Шаблон:Sfn 200 people lived there in 1910.Шаблон:Sfn
- Hooker on Sappa Creek Шаблон:Convert south-west of OberlinШаблон:Sfn
- Kanona on the CB&Q railroad Шаблон:Convert east of Oberlin, which had a telegraph and express office, and the Kanona post office.Шаблон:Sfn 125 people lived there in 1910.Шаблон:Sfn
- Lund Шаблон:Convert south of Oberlin,Шаблон:Sfn 24 people lived there in 1910.Шаблон:Sfn
- Lyle on Sappa Creek Шаблон:Convert north-east of Oberlin.Шаблон:Sfn 30 people lived there in 1910.Шаблон:Sfn
- Ruth Шаблон:Convert south of Oberlin,Шаблон:Sfn
- Traer in Finley Township on Beaver Creek and the CB&Q railroad Шаблон:Convert north-west of Oberlin, which had stores, grain dealers, a grain elevator, a telegraph and express office, and the aforementioned Traer post office.Шаблон:Sfn 200 people lived there in 1910.Шаблон:Sfn
Unincorporated places
Ghost towns
Townships
Decatur County is divided into twenty-five townships. The city of Oberlin is considered governmentally independent and is excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.
| Township | FIPS | Population center |
Population | Population density /km2 (/sq mi) |
Land area km2 (sq mi) |
Water area km2 (sq mi) |
Water % | Geographic coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Allison | 01300 | 39 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.01% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Altory | 01650 | 16 | 0 (0) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Bassettville | 04475 | 26 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Beaver | 05050 | 86 | 1 (2) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.11% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Center | 11650 | 60 | 1 (2) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Cook | 15375 | 44 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.08% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Custer | 16850 | 27 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Dresden | 18625 | 141 | 2 (4) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.01% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Finley | 23425 | 39 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Garfield | 25525 | 41 | 0 (1) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Grant | 27600 | 31 | 0 (1) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.07% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Harlan | 30050 | 51 | 1 (1) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.05% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Jennings | 35400 | 173 | 2 (5) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.34% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Liberty | 39975 | 48 | 1 (1) | 91 (35) | 0 (0) | 0.03% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Lincoln | 40600 | 203 | 2 (6) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.02% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Logan | 41825 | 52 | 1 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Lyon | 43450 | 24 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Oberlin | 52025 | 91 | 1 (3) | 89 (34) | 0 (0) | 0.08% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Olive | 52675 | 68 | 1 (2) | 92 (35) | 1 (0) | 0.65% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Pleasant Valley | 56525 | 46 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.05% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Prairie Dog | 57475 | 50 | 1 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.01% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Roosevelt | 61025 | 32 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.07% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Sappa | 63050 | 43 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.04% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Sherman | 64900 | 25 | 0 (1) | 92 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.01% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Summit | 69075 | 22 | 0 (1) | 93 (36) | 0 (0) | 0.09% | Шаблон:Coord | |
| Sources: Шаблон:Cite web | ||||||||
This list has remained the same since 1910.Шаблон:Sfn In 1886 there had been just eleven: Bassettville, Beaver, Center, Custer. Garfield, Grant, Jennings, Logan, Oberlin, Olive, and Prairie Dog.Шаблон:Sfn Originally in 1879, the county comissioners established just six townships: Grant, Beaver, Bassettville, Oberlin, Prairie Dog, and Jennings.Шаблон:Sfn
See also
Шаблон:See also Kansas counties
References
Sources
- Шаблон:Cite encyclopaedia (Шаблон:Internet Archive)
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book (Шаблон:Internet Archive)
Further reading
- Handbook of Decatur County, Kansas; C.S. Burch Publishing Co; 25 pages; 1885.
- Standard Atlas of Decatur County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 80 pages; 1921.
- Standard Atlas of Decatur County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 69 pages; 1905.
External links
- County
- Maps
- Decatur County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
- Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
- Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society
Шаблон:Decatur County, Kansas Шаблон:Kansas Шаблон:Authority control
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