Английская Википедия:December 1981 windstorm
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use dmy dates The December 1981 windstorm was a severe storm that particularly affected southern England, Wales and south west France during 13 December 1981. The storm formed as a secondary low.[1]
In England, the storm started with violent winds and snow, which reached Cornwall during the morning. Prior to its arrival a number of record low temperatures were reached for December, with -25.1C at RAF Shawbury in Shropshire[2] and -5.9C in Southampton[3].Шаблон:Fact
In the evening spring tides combined with a Шаблон:Convert storm surge[4] resulted in the highest water levels recorded in the Bristol Channel since the start of the 20th century.[1] Water from melting snow, caused by milder weather accompanying the depression, added to the flooding.[5] The maximum surge at Hinkley Point was measured at Шаблон:Convert above the Шаблон:Convert tidal level Ordnance Datum (OD) at 2025 hours, and Шаблон:Convert measured at Avonmouth. The wind was measured at Шаблон:Convert from the west. Over topping of the sea defences along a Шаблон:Convert stretch of the North Somerset coast at 22 locations from Clevedon to Porlock began after 19:30, and continued until about 21:30 when the wind speed had reached Шаблон:Convert from the west. Although there was no loss of life, the resultant flooding covered Шаблон:Convert of land, affecting 1072 houses and commercial properties, with £150,000 worth of livestock killed and £50,000 of feed and grain destroyed. Wessex Water Authority estimated the total cost of the damage caused at £6m, resulting in a three-year programme of sea defence assessment, repair and improvement.[6][5]
In France, the storm caused widespread flooding in the south west, causing considerable damage in the river basins of the Garonne and Adour and flooding the city of Bordeaux.[7]
The MV Bonita, an 8000 tonne Ecuadorian cargo ship sailing from Hamburg to Panama was caught in the storm in the English Channel. 29 were rescued from the ship, 4 by helicopter until the storm was too strong for the helicopter to operate. The remaining crew were rescued by the Guernsey lifeboat, however there were 2 fatalities.[8]
Water entered the cooling water pump house of Hinkley Point nuclear power station, causing a shut-down for weeks after the storm.[9]
See also
- Penlee lifeboat disaster -a storm 6 days later, on 19 December 1981
- Great Storm of 1987
- Bristol Channel floods, 1607
- 1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood - caused by a similar storm
- European windstorm
External links
References
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 Storm surge prediction in the Bristol Channel--the floods of 13 December 1981 R. Proctor, R.A. Flather, Continental Shelf Research, Volume 9, Issue 10, October 1989, Pages 889-918, ISSN 0278-4343, Шаблон:Doi, accessed 2011-03-25
- ↑ Philip Eden: Snowiest of 20th century- weatheronline.co.uk, accessed 2011-03-25
- ↑ Weather forecasters predict -12 tonight in Hampshire Southern Daily Echo, published 2010-12-02, accessed 2011-03-25
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 1981 Storm in photos - December 13th 1981 Шаблон:Webarchive Burnham-On-Sea.com published 2006-12-13, accessed 2011-03-25
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Inondations généralisées sur le Sud-Ouest Météo-France, accessed 2011-03-25
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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