Английская Википедия:Dedham Public Library

Dedham Public Library

The Dedham Public Library is a public library system in Massachusetts established in 1872. It is part of the Minuteman Library Network.

History

Social library

In 1794, just four years after the first circulating library was established in Massachusetts,Шаблон:R the First Church and Parish in Dedham organized a social library.^[1] The minister, Jason Haven, kept the books in his houseШаблон:Efn and they were only circulated on Mondays.^[1] The books were eventually moved to the vestry of the church, and circulation was moved to Sundays.^[1]

Dedham Library Association

On the November 24, 1854, a social library was organized in Dedham under the general laws by the name of the Dedham Library Association.Шаблон:Sfn The impetus for the founding the Library Association was Carlos Slafter, who made the first suggestion, and Dr. Joseph P. Paine.Шаблон:Sfn The pair raised $1,300.Шаблон:Sfn A circulating library belonging to Elbridge G. Robinson, editor of the Norfolk Democrat, was purchased for about $200.Шаблон:Sfn In addition to these, many new books were bought at an expense of about $1,000.Шаблон:Sfn

Three gentlemen, Edmund Quincy, Edward L. Keyes, and M.B. Inches, became actively interested in the project and contributed much to its success.Шаблон:Sfn The library was opened to the public on February 1, 1855, in a house next to the insurance building where Judge Ezra Wilkinson formerly had an office.Шаблон:Sfn Dr. Samuel Adams, a dentist, was the first librarian and lived in the same building.Шаблон:Sfn By the payment of $5, a person became a shareholder and member of the Association and was obliged to pay a varying sum annually toward its support.Шаблон:Sfn After a time, persons not members were admitted on payment of a fixed sum annually.Шаблон:Sfn The directors were able, at a moderate cost, to furnish the patrons with the best reading matter to be secured.Шаблон:Sfn The interest in the library as well as the number of readers increased from year to year and its influence upon the social and intellectual improvement of the town was marked.Шаблон:Sfn

Incorporation as a public library

For some time previous to 1870, a strong desire had been felt by many members of the association and others interested in the usefulness of the library that free privileges should be granted to the people of the town.Шаблон:Sfn This was found not to be feasible owing to insufficient funds.Шаблон:Sfn There was such a demand for this change that an effort was made to raise money for the support of a public library.Шаблон:Sfn A successful fair was held by the ladies of the Association soon after this in which people of all parts of the town were actively interested and which resulted in raising $4,000 as a fund for the new library.Шаблон:Sfn

Several persons had petitioned the Massachusetts General Court for an act of incorporation, which was passed March 24, 1871 and accepted April 27, 1871.Шаблон:Sfn This act incorporated Waldo Colburn, Thomas L. Wakefield, Edward Stimson, Edmund Quincy, William Chickering, Erastus Worthington, Alfred Hewins, Henry 0. Hildreth, and their associates and successors by the name of the Dedham Public Library and Reading Room.Шаблон:Sfn It also gave them power to hold in trust real and personal estate in value not exceeding $100,000 exclusive of books, papers, and works of art.Шаблон:Sfn The act stated that so long as said corporation shall allow the inhabitants of Dedham free access to its library and reading room under reasonable regulations, the town may annually appropriate and pay said corporation a sum not exceeding one dollar on each of its ratable polls.Шаблон:Sfn

At a meeting of the trustees held in November, it was voted to open a free public library and reading room at the earliest practicable date.Шаблон:Sfn The Dedham Library Association was deeply interested in this movement and, at a special meeting held on November 17, unanimously voted to transfer the entire property of the association to the public library to remain in the care control and custody of the said Dedham Public Library so long as the same shall be kept and maintained as a free library for the use of the proprietors of this library wherever resident as well as for the inhabitants of Dedham.Шаблон:Sfn An additional condition was that the public library must assume and pay all the debts and liabilities of the Library Association.Шаблон:Sfn This gift amounted to 2,977 volumes and formed the nucleus of the new library.Шаблон:Sfn

First reading room

On February 24, 1872, the library and reading room were opened to the public in rooms hired for the purpose in a building on the corner of High and Court streets above Thomas J. Baker's grocery store.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:R

There were 3,557 volumes on the shelves and some of the principal periodicals and newspapers on the tables.Шаблон:Sfn From year to year, the town appropriated on an average about $1,000.Шаблон:Sfn Of this sum, about $700 represented the dog tax.Шаблон:Sfn The running expenses of the library were paid from the town appropriation and books and periodicals were bought from the annual income of the funds which amounted to about $550.Шаблон:Sfn The average yearly increase was about 235 volumes.Шаблон:Sfn

First building

Файл:Exterior of the Dedham public library, Dedham, Massachusetts LCCN91706488.jpg

Exterior of the library, showing the original entrance on Norfolk Street, in 1890

Soon after the death of Hannah Shuttleworth on February 22, 1886, the first steps were taken to erect a new library building.Шаблон:Sfn^[2] This was made possible by her legacy of $10,000 and a gift of the same amount from John Bullard.^[3]Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn^[2]Шаблон:R In April 1886, a lot of 19,101 square feet in size was purchased for $2,000 on the corner of Church and Norfolk Streets; the ground was broken on October 13.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Previously, the lot was home to a large white house and an orchard.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Efn

At a meeting of the trustees held September 22, it was voted to add $4,000 from the general fund to the Bullard and Shuttleworth legacies which were given specially for a building fund.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn This amount was increased by the accumulation of the funds.Шаблон:Sfn The final cost of the building was as follows: cost of land, $4,975.14, grading and fencing, $587.44, building and furniture, $29,873.17, total, $35,385.75.Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:Reading room in the Dedham public library, Dedham, Massachusetts with ornate counter or delivery desk LCCN91788604.jpg

Reading room with ornate counter or delivery desk, in 1905

This building was constructed in the French Romanesque style of Dedham pink granite laid up with random ashlar work in quarry facings and trimmings of red sandstone.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:R The main entrance was by a wide arch opening on a porch from which through a vestibule access is obtained to a square entrance hall.Шаблон:Sfn From this hall, a wide arch opens opposite the porch into the reading hall and another on the right into the delivery room.Шаблон:Sfn

Back of the delivery room and at the right of the reading hall from which it was divided by a glass screen partition was the librarian's room, so placed as to give the librarian control of the public area of the building.Шаблон:Sfn The wing of the building was constructed as a fire proof book stack, the shelving of which accommodated 28,800 volumes.Шаблон:Sfn The first ever use of a metal stack system was probably Van Brunt design of the Statehouse Library in Topeka, Kansas in 1883.^[4] Dedham's was designed three years later.^[4]

Between the delivery room and the book stack was a round tower which gave access to a large room directly over the porch, used by the trustees.Шаблон:Sfn The reading hall was an open timbered room twenty one feet high with arched trusses and an apsidal end and a frieze of high windows.Шаблон:Sfn Opposite the main entrance into this room was an open hooded fireplace, above which was a marble plane for an inscription.Шаблон:Sfn This design was typical of Van Brunt's libraries, which often had a sequence of public rooms integrating the entry, book delivery, and reading rooms.^[4] The stacks were perpendicular to the main building.^[4]

The woodwork of the interior of the building was brown ash and the plaster surfaces were treated with color and border lines.Шаблон:Sfn The interior of the stack was painted white.Шаблон:Sfn The system of heating was by indirect radiation in the main portion of the building and by direct radiation in the book stack.Шаблон:Sfn The building was opened to the public on November 22, 1888.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:R

A children's room was established in 1916.Шаблон:Sfn When the Dedham station was demolished in 1951, the stones were used to build an addition to the library.^[3] This became the children's wing, which opened in 1952.Шаблон:R With the addition, the main entrance moved from Norfolk Street to Church Street.Шаблон:R

For the 100th anniversary in 1972, the Library hosted a number of lectures and readings, including those by Howard Mumford Jones, William Alfred, and Anne Sexton.Шаблон:R There were also a number of children's programs, a presentation on floral arraignments, and a presentation on Dedham Pottery.Шаблон:R The Centennial closed with the opening of the Endicott Branch.Шаблон:R

Work with the schools

The annual circulation of the library was about 28,000 volumes in 1899, nearly one third of which went through the delivery stations in the upper grades of the grammar schools in charge of the teachers.Шаблон:Sfn This effort to connect the library more intimately with the work of the Dedham Public Schools widened its service and made it a stronger factor in the education of the children.Шаблон:Sfn This system helped to fill a need long felt of some intelligent oversight of the reading by young people.Шаблон:Sfn

Through the interest of the superintendent of schools, Roderick W. Hine, the whole plan has been developed and successfully carried out.Шаблон:Sfn A list of books was prepared by the superintendent and a committee of the teachers and typewritten copies having the shelf numbers were placed in the various schools.Шаблон:Sfn A special library card was printed for the use of scholars in drawing books, the cards were sent to the library.Шаблон:Sfn The books were then sent to the school in a basket at little or no expense.Шаблон:Sfn The books were then distributed and kept in the homes during the specified time and returned to the library in the same basket.Шаблон:Sfn With this improvement in the circulation of books sprang up a new interest in a better selection of reading for the young.Шаблон:Sfn

Early gifts

Charles Bullard, from whom the first bequest came, changed the provision in his will just before his death on July 29, 1871, so that the public library should receive $3,000 in the place of $2,000 for the Library Association.Шаблон:Sfn Only the income of this was to be used for the purchase of books.Шаблон:Sfn

Among the special gifts to this collection may be mentioned the following: Henry 0. Hildreth gave several hundred volumes at different times.Шаблон:Sfn Ebenezer Wright gave a bequest of 170 volumes relating mostly to agriculture and horticulture.Шаблон:Sfn Dr. George E. Hatton made a bequest of 154 volumes and some pamphlets.Шаблон:Sfn In 1880, William Ames gave 416 volumes.Шаблон:Sfn Dr. Henry P. Quincy in 1886 gave 342 volumes.Шаблон:Sfn John Bullard donated an Encyclopædia Britannica.Шаблон:Sfn Many other important gifts were made by persons interested in the library and the whole number added to the generous donation of the Dedham Library Association to the end of 1888 amounted to about 3,000 volumes.Шаблон:Sfn Gifts in money were received as follows: from the ladies fair $4,000, bequest of Charles Bullard in 1871, $3,000, from Joseph W. Clark in 1872, $411, bequest of Dr. Danforth P. Wright in 1874, $1,000, bequest of Dr. George Hatton in 1876, $1,000, legacy of John Bullard of New York in 1882, $10,000.Шаблон:Sfn In early years the library also received the following gifts: Albert W. Nickerson, $5,000, Joseph W. Clark, $1,000, George A. Nickerson, $1,000, Stephen M. Weld, $500, Henry P. Quincy $200, A. Ward Lamson,Шаблон:Efn $100, and John R. Bullard, $469.49.Шаблон:Sfn

Statistics

Year	Volumes	Circulation	Visits	Notes
1807	87			^[1]
1860	500			^[1]
1898	14,978	27,868		Шаблон:Sfn
1908	26,094	35,094		Шаблон:Sfn
2018		194,006	250,000+	^[5]^[6]

Branches

Book deposits

There were book deposits at the Capen and Riverdale Schools in the 1900s.Шаблон:R They were phased out in 1970, and their collections were given to the Dedham Public Schools.Шаблон:R

Oakdale branch

A reading room and circulating library in Oakdale Square opened on November 6, 1903.^[7] It closed on April 15, 1972, when it was combined with the East Dedham branch to become the Endicott branch.Шаблон:R

East Dedham branch

In January 1896, the Library opened a reading room in East Dedham.Шаблон:R The success of the reading room in East Dedham prompted the trustees to establish a full circulating branch in the neighborhood, complete with a reference section.Шаблон:Sfn It opened on April 12, 1907 and closed on January 26, 1973 when it was consolidated with the Oakdale branch to become the Endicott branch.Шаблон:R

Endicott branch

By 1970, the rented spaces in Oakdale and East Dedham were in "deplorable" condition and, because they were leased to the Town, they could not be expanded.Шаблон:R Though they each cost $16,000 to operate, they were not adequately serving the public and were described as "money down the drain."Шаблон:R Problems at the main library included a lack of parking, not enough room for books, and the need to improve services.Шаблон:R There were recent renovations that created more space for books in the basement at the main library, but it still was not enough.Шаблон:R

At the October 1969 Town Meeting, a seven member committee was formed to study the future needs of the library.Шаблон:R They made their final report in January 1971.Шаблон:R

In October 1970, the Dedham Library Future Needs CommitteeШаблон:Efn made two proposals to a joint meeting of the Library Trustees and the Finance Committee.Шаблон:R The first was to combine the Oakdale and East Dedham branch libraries and move them to a renovated garage at the Endicott Estate.Шаблон:R The second proposal was to build a new building on the East Street side of the Estate grounds to house the combined branch libraries and to make the main library on Church Street a branch.Шаблон:R

It was noted that the Endicott Estate had room for adequate parking, and was close to Dedham High School, Dedham Junior High School, the Avery, Capen, Greenlodge, and Oakdale Schools, as well as St. Mary's School.Шаблон:R Its central location also made it accessible to many pedestrians without having to cross a major road.Шаблон:R

The Finance Committee's recommendation to Town Meeting was to appropriate $61,000 to convert the nine car garageШаблон:R into a library.Шаблон:R They also recommended that Town Meeting not adopt a competing article from the Youth Commission that would have turned the garage into a youth center at a cost of $16,000.Шаблон:R Шаблон:Efn The Finance Committee argued that it was a prudent move to consolidate the other branches, and that a library would serve all age groups within the town.Шаблон:R Neighbors of the Estate also objected to a teen center, but supported a library.Шаблон:R

Town Meeting debated the competing proposals for more than three hours, and ultimately rejected both in 1971.Шаблон:R Though they had initially supported it, at Town Meeting the Finance Committee changed their recommendation from supporting the proposal to recommending indefinite postponement.Шаблон:R As a result, the garage continued to be used for storage.Шаблон:R

At the 1972 Annual Town Meeting, the Library Trustees made a new pitch for two of the Estate's 26 acres, including the garage.Шаблон:R This time, Town Meeting appropriated $68,000 to convert the garage to a branch library.Шаблон:R The final cost was $71,000.Шаблон:R

The Planning Board rejected the Library Trustee's first proposal for a parking plan when Marie-Louise Kehoe changed her vote.Шаблон:R The vote delayed the awarding of the contract for the renovation of the garage into a library.Шаблон:R Eight firms had bid on the work.Шаблон:R

Construction began on October 11, 1972.Шаблон:R The contract required construction to be complete within 120 days.Шаблон:R The architect was Finegold and Bullis.Шаблон:R It was designed to hold up to 15,000 books, more than could be held at the Oakdale and East Dedham branches combined.Шаблон:R

Trustee chairman Sophia S. Johnson cut a ceremonial ribbon to open the library on February 11, 1973.Шаблон:R A crowd of 2,000 people lined up outside in frigid weather to visit during the subsequent open house.Шаблон:R The Story Pit in what used to be the garage's old boiler room was particularly popular.Шаблон:R The walls were painted with reds and yellows, and the bookshelves were blue.Шаблон:R

A group of Campfire Girls provided refreshments and a clarinet quartet from the High School played music.Шаблон:R The Botany Club at the Junior High School provided plants.Шаблон:R Among the first visitors was Maryanne Lewis.Шаблон:R

Governance

Library Director	Years	Notes
Dr. Samuel Adams	1855-1856	Шаблон:Sfn
Elizabeth R. Nicholson	1856-1860	Шаблон:Sfn
Elizabeth Skillin	1860-1871	Шаблон:Sfn
Frances M. Mann	1871Шаблон:Efn	Шаблон:Sfn
Mary Ann Tricarico	2012-February 12, 2016	^[1]^[8]
Bonnie Roalsen	August 2016-April 2019	^[5]
Ryan Brennan	2019 - March 2020	^[9]
Amber Moroney	2021 -	^[10]Шаблон:Efn

On April 1, 1889, by act of the General Court, the trustees transferred the entire property of the library to the town.Шаблон:Sfn On the same date the town voted to accept the gift of the franchise library and property, real and personal, of the Dedham Public Library upon the condition that the town would forever maintain the same as a free public library.Шаблон:Sfn At that time, nine trustees were elected by ballot: three for three years, three for two years, and three for one year.Шаблон:Sfn

Previous to the transfer, the same system was in operation but the town had no representation on the board.Шаблон:Sfn The presidents of the Library Association were John Gardner one year, Edmund Quincy five years, Carlos Slafter nine years, John Cox, Jr. three years, Carlos Slafter one year during which time the gift was made to the public library in 1871.Шаблон:Sfn

From 1871 to 1889 the officers were Alfred Hewins, president, Henry 0. Hildreth, clerk, and Henry W. Richards, treasurer.Шаблон:Sfn When John R. Bullard declined reelection in April 1898, Hon. Winslow Warren was elected as chairman of the board.Шаблон:Sfn

In 2020, all five trustees resigned from their positions, saying they did not feel supported by the Town.^[9]

Notes

Шаблон:Notelist

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Works cited

Шаблон:Dedham Шаблон:Coord

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 ^1,3 ^1,4 ^1,5 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок sf не указан текст
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок tuttle не указан текст
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок stories не указан текст
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 ^4,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок cambridge не указан текст
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок pr не указан текст
↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок mblc18 не указан текст
↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Massachusetts1918 не указан текст
↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок bowen не указан текст
↑ ^9,0 ^9,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок all5 не указан текст
↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Moroney не указан текст

[sf-1] 1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 ^1,3 ^1,4 ^1,5 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок sf не указан текст

[tuttle-2] 2,0 ^2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок tuttle не указан текст

[stories-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок stories не указан текст

[cambridge-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 ^4,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок cambridge не указан текст

[pr-5] 5,0 ^5,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок pr не указан текст

[mblc18-6] Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок mblc18 не указан текст

[Massachusetts1918-7] Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Massachusetts1918 не указан текст

[bowen-8] Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок bowen не указан текст

[all5-9] 9,0 ^9,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок all5 не указан текст

[Moroney-10] Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Moroney не указан текст

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты	Обмен криптовалют - www.bestchange.ru Криптовалютная биржа CoinEx Криптовалютная биржа Binance HIVE OS - операционная система для майнинга e4pool - Мультивалютный пул для майнинга.
Магазины	AliExpress — глобальная виртуальная (в Интернете) торговая площадка, предоставляющая возможность покупать товары производителей из КНР; computeruniverse.net - Интернет-магазин компьютеров(Промо код 5 Евро на первую покупку:FWWC3ZKQ);
Хостинг	DigitalOcean - американский провайдер облачных инфраструктур, с главным офисом в Нью-Йорке и с центрами обработки данных по всему миру;
Разное	Викиум - Онлайн-тренажер для мозга Like Центр - Центр поддержки и развития предпринимательства. Gamersbay - лучший магазин по бустингу для World of Warcraft. Ноотропы OmniMind N°1 - Усиливает мозговую активность. Повышает мотивацию. Улучшает память. Санкт-Петербургская школа телевидения - это федеральная сеть образовательных центров, которая имеет филиалы в 37 городах России. Lingualeo.com — интерактивный онлайн-сервис для изучения и практики английского языка в увлекательной игровой форме. Junyschool (Джунискул) – международная школа программирования и дизайна для детей и подростков от 5 до 17 лет, где ученики осваивают компьютерную грамотность, развивают алгоритмическое и креативное мышление, изучают основы программирования и компьютерной графики, создают собственные проекты: игры, сайты, программы, приложения, анимации, 3D-модели, монтируют видео. Умназия - Интерактивные онлайн-курсы и тренажеры для развития мышления детей 6-13 лет SkillBox - это один из лидеров российского рынка онлайн-образования. Среди партнеров Skillbox ведущий разработчик сервисного дизайна AIC, медиа-компания Yoola, первое и самое крупное русскоязычное аналитическое агентство Tagline, онлайн-школа дизайна и иллюстрации Bang! Bang! Education, оператор PR-рынка PACO, студия рисования Draw&Go, агентство performance-маркетинга Ingate, scrum-студия Sibirix, имидж-лаборатория Персона. «Нетология» — это университет по подготовке и дополнительному обучению специалистов в области интернет-маркетинга, управления проектами и продуктами, дизайна, Data Science и разработки. В рамках Нетологии студенты получают ценные теоретические знания от лучших экспертов Рунета, выполняют практические задания на отработку полученных навыков, общаются с экспертами и единомышленниками. Познакомиться со всеми продуктами подробнее можно на сайте https://netology.ru, линейка курсов и профессий постоянно обновляется. StudyBay Brazil – это онлайн биржа для португалоговорящих студентов и авторов! Студент получает уникальную работу любого уровня сложности и больше свободного времени, в то время как у автора появляется дополнительный заработок и бесценный опыт. Автор24 — самая большая в России площадка по написанию учебных работ: контрольные и курсовые работы, дипломы, рефераты, решение задач, отчеты по практике, а так же любой другой вид работы. Сервис сотрудничает с более 70 000 авторов. Более 1 000 000 работ уже выполнено. StudyBay – это онлайн биржа для англоязычных студентов и авторов! Студент получает уникальную работу любого уровня сложности и больше свободного времени, в то время как у автора появляется дополнительный заработок и бесценный опыт.