Английская Википедия:Defence High Command
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military unit The Defence High Command (Шаблон:Lang-es, AEM) was the principal staff body of the Spanish Armed Forces during the Francoist regime and the Spanish transition to democracy. It operated between 1939 and 1980, and was in charge of coordination between the staffs of the three branches of the Armed Forces (Army, Navy and the Air Force).[1][2]
History
The AEM was created on 30 August 1939 with the objective of having a "body of coordination, study and information, which would provide to the supreme command the elements of suitable judgment for the orientation of its designs". In this way the Defence High Command is constituted with the following tasks:
- Submit to the authority studies and proposals for the management of national energies so that in case of war they were insured to the maximum extent their evolution and functioning in autarkic regime.
- Prepare the study of the resolutions that proceed in order to the weighting of organic media between the Army, Navy and the Air Force.
- Study and propose the general lines of the permanent organizations that should constitute bases of combined operations of the aforementioned forces.
- Study and propose directives and plans for their joint action in case of war.
- Provide the supreme command with the necessary information for the appreciation of the military and economic potential of other countries.
For this it was necessary on the one hand the appointment of a General-Chief who would be a member and secretary of the National Defense Junta, and on the other hand the creation of a secretariat and three sections: a military, an economic and an informational.
On 5 February 1944, the need to act against foreign intelligence services within Spain was raised. That is why a new military intelligence agency began operating, the so-called "Шаблон:Ill" (SIAEM). However, due to problems of coordination between the various counterintelligence mechanisms of the time, it was decided in 1945 to divide the powers: the Defence High Command would be in charge of espionage and counterintelligence of military character both inside and outside the country, while the Ministry of the Interior would be in charge of the internal security of the country, and the rest of the ministries would collect the general information according to their needs.
After the death of Franco in 1975, the administrative structure of the Armed Forces was reorganized. The AEM disappeared in 1980 when all its functions were taken over by the Board of Joint Chiefs of Staff (JUJEM), which was succeeded in 1984 by the Defence Staff (EMAD).
List of chiefs of the Defence High Command
† denotes people who died in office. Шаблон:Officeholder table start Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table Шаблон:Officeholder table end
Timeline
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Colors =
id:AEM value:black legend: AEM id:JUJEM value:red legend: JUJEM id:AEM/JUJEM value:blue legend: AEM/JUJEM id:time value:rgb(0.9,0.9,0.9)
Legend = orientation:vertical position:right
LineData =
layer:back width:0.2 color:time at:01/01/1940 at:01/01/1945 at:01/01/1950 at:01/01/1955 at:01/01/1960 at:01/01/1965 at:01/01/1970 at:01/01/1975 at:01/01/1980
BarData =
barset:PM bar:Vigon bar:Martin bar:Davila bar:Orgaz bar:Cabanillas bar:Grandes bar:Alegria bar:Fernandez bar:Galarza bar:Alfaro
PlotData=
width:6 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM
bar:Vigon from: 30/08/1939 till: 27/06/1940 color:AEM bar:Vigon from: 15/02/1946 till: 25/05/1955 color:AEM text:Vigón bar:Martin from: 30/07/1940 till: 23/04/1941 color:AEM text:Martín bar:Davila from: 05/05/1941 till: 20/07/1945 color:AEM text:Dávila bar:Orgaz from: 19/10/1945 till: 31/01/1946 color:AEM text:Orgaz bar:Cabanillas from: 03/06/1955 till: 06/06/1958 color:AEM text:Asensio Cabanillas bar:Grandes from: 06/06/1958 till: 11/07/1970 color:AEM text:Muñoz Grandes bar:Alegria from: 23/07/1970 till: 14/06/1974 color:AEM text:Díez-Alegría bar:Fernandez from: 15/06/1974 till: 28/04/1977 color:AEM bar:Fernandez from: 02/02/1977 till: 28/04/1977 color:JUJEM text:Fernández bar:Galarza from: 23/07/1977 till: 12/09/1978 color:AEM/JUJEM text:Galarza bar:Alfaro from: 12/09/1978 till: 19/05/1980 color:AEM/JUJEM text:Alfaro
</timeline>
See also
- Board of Joint Chiefs of Staff
- Defence Staff (Spain)
- Spanish Armed Forces during the period of Francoism
- Ministry of the Army
- Ministry of the Navy (Spain)
- Ministry of the Air (Spain)
Notes
References
Шаблон:Commanders of the Spanish Armed Forces Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Шаблон:In lang Jornadas de estudio sobre el título preliminar de la Constitución, IV Volumen, pág. 2914
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
