Английская Википедия:Deinbollia oblongifolia
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Italic title Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Speciesbox
Deinbollia oblongifolia is a shrub or small tree in the family Sapindaceae. It is commonly known as the dune soap-berry and is found in coastal vegetation from the Eastern Cape of South Africa, through KwaZulu-Natal[1] to southern Mozambique and Eswatini. It is named after Peter Vogelius Deinboll (1783–1876), a Danish botanist and plant collector.
Description
These plants can grow up to Шаблон:Convert tall.[1] The stem often branches low down and the bark is grey brown. The leaves are compound, up to Шаблон:Convert long and clustered at the ends of the branches.[1] The flowers are white,[1] or cream[2] and produced on branched flowering heads at the ends of the branches.[1] The fruit are rounded; green and velvety when young to yellow and smooth when ripe.[1] The dune soap-berry may be confused with a young forest mahogany (Trichilia dregeana) because of the similar shaped compound leaves, however the dune soap-berry has paler green slightly matt leaves compared to the forest mahogany, which has a darker green leaf that is slightly more glossy.[2] The leaves of the dune soap-berry are also hard textured (when mature) and not held flat as in Trichilia dregeana.[1]
Uses
The fruit is eaten by people.[1][2] The leaves can be eaten as spinach, and the seeds can be lathered in water and used as soap (hence the name "soap-berry").[2] The roots are used in traditional Zulu medicine for stomach complaints.[1] These shrubs are also valuable garden plants, especially in wildlife gardens.[2]
Ecological significance
The flowers attract hordes of insects[3] including; moths, butterflies, bees, wasps, ants[1] and beetles. The leaves are fed on by the larvae of several butterflies, including; gold-banded forester (Euphaedra neophron), forest queen (Euxanthe wakefieldi) and the purple-brown hairstreak (Hypolycaena philippus).[4] Various Deudorix butterfly species' larvae also feed on these trees,[3] including the larvae of the black-and-orange playboy (Deudorix dariaves)[2] and the apricot playboy (Deudorix dinochares)[5] which both eat the fruits of Deinbollia oblongifolia. The larvae of the African peach moth (Egybolis vaillantina) also feed on the leaves,[5][6] and the fruit are also eaten by birds (including the sombre greenbul (Andropadus importunus)[2]) and monkeys.[1] Charaxes butterflies feed on the fermenting fruits,[2] and the green-veined charaxes (Charaxes candiope), pearl charaxes (Charaxes varanes), satyr charaxes (Charaxes ethalion), forest-king charaxes (Charaxes xiphares), white-barred charaxes (Charaxes brutus) and the Natal tree nymph (Sevenia natalensis) have all been observed feeding on the sap of Deinbollia oblongifolia.[5] Furthermore, these trees are browsed by game animals.[1]
Gallery
See also
References
- ↑ 1,00 1,01 1,02 1,03 1,04 1,05 1,06 1,07 1,08 1,09 1,10 1,11 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Biodiversity data provided by: Data contributors to the Southern African Butterfly Conservation Assessment (SABCA) (list of contributors accessible here: http://sabca.adu.org.za/thanks.php Шаблон:Webarchive), a joint project of the South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Animal Demography Unit, University of Cape Town, and the Lepidopterists' Society of Africa (accessed via SABCA’s online virtual museum, Шаблон:Cite web, 3 January 2010).
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
