Английская Википедия:Dennis, Massachusetts

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Шаблон:About Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox settlement Dennis is a town in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States, located near the center of Cape Cod. The population was 14,674 at the 2020 census.[1]

The town encompasses five distinct villages, each of which has its own post office. These constituent villages are Dennis (including North Dennis), Dennis Port, East Dennis, South Dennis, and West Dennis.[2]

History

Dennis was first settled by Europeans in 1639, by John Crowe (later Crowell), Antony Thacher, and Thomas Howes, as part of the town of Yarmouth. It was known then as the East Precinct.[3] The original inhabitants who preceded English settlers called the northern sections of town Nobscuesset, Sesuit, and Quivet.Шаблон:Sfn

The town officially separated and incorporated in 1793. It was named after resident minister, Rev. Josiah Dennis.[4] There was not enough land for farming, so seafaring became the town's major industry in its early history, centered around the Shiverick Shipyard.

Currently, Dennis is a popular seaside resort town, notable for its stately colonial mansions along the northern Cape Cod Bay coastline, and its picturesque, warm-water beaches along the southern Nantucket Sound.[5]

The Cape Playhouse, in northern Dennis, is one of the oldest summer theatres in the United States and among the best known. Actress Bette Davis was "discovered" while working there as an usher. Other notable past and present Dennis residents include author Mary Higgins Clark (1927–2020) and actress Amy Jo Johnson, who grew up in Dennis.

Geography

Файл:Bass River Massachusetts.jpg
West Dennis on the bank of the Bass River

The town of Dennis spans the width of Cape Cod, with Cape Cod Bay to the north, Brewster to the northeast, Harwich to the southeast, Nantucket Sound to the south, and Yarmouth to the west. The town is about Шаблон:Convert east of Barnstable, Шаблон:Convert east of the Sagamore Bridge, and Шаблон:Convert southeast of Boston. The Town of Dennis comprises the villages of Dennis Port, Dennis Village (including North Dennis), East Dennis, South Dennis and West Dennis.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of Шаблон:Convert, of which Шаблон:Convert is land and Шаблон:Convert, or 7.88%, is water.[6]

The town lies on the eastern banks of the Bass River, which nearly divides the cape in half. There are several small ponds and lakes in town, as well as Sesuit Harbor to the north and West Dennis Harbor to the south.

The level south side of the town was formed primarily from glacial outwash. Bass River and Swan Pond River were carved in the outwash plain by large flows of water off of Laurentide Ice Sheet of the Wisconsin glaciation.

The north and south shores of the town have many beaches, as well as the Dennis Yacht Club in the north and West Dennis Yacht Club in the south.

While West Dennis is indeed west of Dennisport, it is south of South Dennis. East Dennis is north of South Dennis, and Dennis is on the western shore, to the west of East Dennis.

Dennis

Файл:Dennis Sign.JPG
Dennis town border sign in 1969

Chapin Memorial Beach, which was previously known as Black Flats for its black sands and extensive tidal flats, was named in honor of George H. Chapin, a real estate developer who donated the land to the Town after World War II.Шаблон:Sfn Chase Garden Creek empties into Cape Cod Bay at Chapin Beach, and serves as a boundary between Dennis and Yarmouth. It was named for the Chase family, settlers who were on the Cape by 1638.Шаблон:Sfn

The area leading to Chapin Beach has alternatively been known as Little Italy and Little Taunton for the Italian immigrants who came by way of Taunton, Massachusetts in the late 1800s to build the railroad on Cape Cod.Шаблон:Sfn Many streets in the area, such as Squadrilli Way, Dr. Boterro Road, Spadoni Road, and Angelo Road, as well as Lombardi Heights, were named for Italians.Шаблон:Sfn The area known as New Boston, including a road and a river, was named for a group of Bostonians who settled in the area.Шаблон:Sfn

Corporation Beach, which is also sometimes called Nobscussett Beach, was named for the Nobscussett Point Pier Corporation.Шаблон:Sfn It is located on the east side of Nobscusset Point.Шаблон:Sfn There was once an Indian village at Nobscussett Point and Harbor, which is also called the Bite, a misspelling of bight.Шаблон:Sfn Nobscussett is possibly related to the Algonquian word wanashqu, which means at the end of the rock.Шаблон:Sfn

Mayflower Beach was acquired by the Town in 1977 by eminent domain. It is named for the failed Mayflower Beach Condominiums Complex.Шаблон:Sfn At the other end of Mayflower Beach is Bayview Beach, which has a parking lot for residents only. Hippogriffe Road was named for a 678-ton clipper ship built in 1852 at the Shiverick Yards.Шаблон:Sfn

Dennis Port

Dennis Port was named by Thomas Howes, the village's first postmaster, in 1850.Шаблон:Sfn Previously it had been known as Crooks Neck, after Samuel Crook, an Indian who sold the land to English settlers in the 17th century.Шаблон:Sfn The name changed to Crookers Neck before becoming Dennis Port.Шаблон:Sfn

Glendon Road, and the beach named for the street, took their name from Hubert Glendon, a Marine officer who served as the Columbia University rowing coach after World War II, and who donated the beach to the village.Шаблон:Sfn To the west is Peter Hagis Beach, which is located on land donated by his widow.Шаблон:Sfn Also in the village is Inman Road Beach, named for the Inman family (including Isaiah Inman) who lived on the corner of Lower County Road.Шаблон:Sfn Raycroft Beach was named for Louis B. Raycroft, who often summered near Old Wharf Road and Sea Street.Шаблон:Sfn

The Plashes, a term which means "a small collection of standing water," is a conservation area with several small ponds and creeks connecting them.Шаблон:Sfn On the Harwich line is White Pond, so named because the way the light hits the water.Шаблон:Sfn It was formerly known as Aunt Lizzie Robbins Pond, named for a member of the Robbins family of Harwich, who arrived on the Cape in the early 1700s.Шаблон:Sfn Swan Pond took its name from the Algonquin word sowan, meaning south.Шаблон:Sfn It is also known as Jamies Pond, after James Chase.Шаблон:Sfn

Depot Street was named for the train station that once existed in the village.Шаблон:Sfn Searsville Road was named in honor of the Sears family, which was once prominent in East Dennis.Шаблон:Sfn

East Dennis

Cold Storage Road, and the beach of the same moniker, was named for the storehouses in the area that kept fish cold in the early 1900s.Шаблон:Sfn Off of Cold Storage Road is Salt Works Road, named for the salt works built in the 1700s by Captain John Sears.Шаблон:Sfn Dennis was once the Cape's leader in making salt, but closed in 1888 after salt mines in New York were opened.Шаблон:Sfn East Dennis was once known as Searsville, for the Sears family.Шаблон:Sfn

On the border with Brewster is Quivet Creek, which was once called Bound Brook.Шаблон:Sfn The Indians of the area called it Shuckquan, possibly from a word which means "spring fish."Шаблон:Sfn The creek runs next to Crowe's Pasture. It was once known as Indian Land as Crowe was a common name for families with white and Indian spouses.Шаблон:Sfn It is, along with Chapin Beach, one of two beaches in the town on which vehicles are allowed.

Sesuit Creek runs into Sesuit Harbor, with Sesuit Neck to the west, before emptying out into Cape Cod Bay. In the 1800s Asa Shiverick and his three sons built schooners, brigs, and clipper ships in the harbor.Шаблон:Sfn Two of the Clippers were more than 1,000 tons.Шаблон:Sfn A plaque honoring the shipyard, which closed in the 1860s, was placed in 1924.Шаблон:Sfn Shiverick Road near the harbor honors the family.Шаблон:Sfn Wild Hunter Road is named for the Shiverick-built clipper, Wild Hunter, which sailed as far as California and China.Шаблон:Sfn

South Dennis

Файл:Scargo-Tower west-side Dennis-MA-US.JPG
West side exterior of Scargo Tower

The area of Scargo Lake and Scargo Hill in Dennis are associated with ancient Native American folklore. When viewed from Scargo Tower atop the hill, Scargo Lake appears to be in the shape of a fish. The lake is a glacial kettle pond and the hills on the northern side of the town are moraines, formed from gravel and debris left by the glacier, much like a conveyor belt.

There are several legends about the creation of the lake. One says that an Indian named Maushop dug out the pond, and then lit his pipe.Шаблон:Sfn The smoke from the pipe attracted dark clouds from which rain fell and filled the pond.Шаблон:Sfn More commonly heard is the story of a princess who was given three fish in a pumpkin by a young brave going off to war.Шаблон:Sfn He was gone so long that the fish began to outgrow the pumpkin. She then had the women of the village dig out the pond so the fish could survive.

The dirt the women dug out became Scargo Hill. Today it is the highest hill in the mid-Cape area.Шаблон:Sfn A stone tower commemorating Thomas Tobey, who settled in Dennis in 1678, was built in 1902.Шаблон:Sfn The Tobey family gave the tower to the Town in 1929.Шаблон:Sfn

Airline Road got its name because much of it runs in a straight line between Routes 134 and 6A. Nearby side streets also have aeronautical names, including Propeller Lane, Pilot Drive, Wing Lane, and Jet Drive.Шаблон:Sfn A series of streets off Kelly's Bay, just north of the Mid-Cape Highway, received their name for the supposed visit of Vikings to Cape Cod. Noreseman, Lief Ericson, Thorwald, Freydis, Viking, and Vinland Drives are all named for the seafaring Scandinavians.Шаблон:Sfn Kelly's Bay took its name from David O'Kelia who came to Cape Cod from his native Northern Ireland in the late 1600s.Шаблон:Sfn It is part of the Bass River. Prince Street is named for Thomas Prence who, as the governor of Plymouth Colony, certainly lived on Cape Cod.Шаблон:Sfn

Upstream from Kelly's Bay is Follins Pond. Quaker Road, which runs to the pond, is named for the Quakers who built a meetinghouse there.Шаблон:Sfn Highbank Road crosses the Bass River into Yarmouth where the banks of the river are tall.Шаблон:Sfn It was once known as the upper bridge, with the lower bridge in West Dennis.Шаблон:Sfn Near Wilbur Cove on the river is the Wilbur Preserve, named for Dr. George B. Wilbur.Шаблон:Sfn In the 1970s he gave the land to the Town.Шаблон:Sfn

Hokum Rock Road, where a drive-in movie theater once stood, is named for a cluster of stones named Hokum Rock.Шаблон:Sfn The name may come from the Indian word for "back bend," hoccanum, referring to the largest of the rocks which is hooked.Шаблон:Sfn The access road leading to the town dump, Theophilus F. Smith Road, was named for the long-time superintendent of the dump.Шаблон:Sfn

Flax Pond was so named because early residents would soak bundles of flax in the pond until the pulp would separate and could be used to spin linen.Шаблон:Sfn Just to its south at the head of the Bass River is Follins Pond, named for the 17th century settler Thomas Follins.Шаблон:Sfn The "funn" in Funn Pond, at the Dennis Pines golf course, is a shortened version of funnell, or a charcoal burner.Шаблон:Sfn

West Dennis

Part of West Dennis is known as Baker Town for the Baker family that once resided on and around Main Street in South and West Dennis.Шаблон:Sfn The Bakers sent 29 captains to sea, and the Ezra Baker School and the Baker Park in West Dennis are named for family members.Шаблон:Sfn Peter Petlz' poem describes the influence the family had in the area:

The English were prolific,

On Cape Cod's Sandy shores,

And if you don't believe it,

Look at all the Bakers.Шаблон:Sfn

Aunt Julia Ann Road, and the beach by the same name, is found on the Bass River, across from the Bass River Golf Club. It is named for Julia Ann Baker, the third wife and widow of Levi Baker.Шаблон:Sfn After he died she kept a supply store for fishermen, Levi's Chandlery.Шаблон:Sfn Near the beach, on Grand Cove, is Crowell Village. It was named for the Crowell or Crowe family.Шаблон:Sfn Henry David Thoreau passed over a toll bridge here during one of his trips to the Cape.Шаблон:Sfn The area was once known as Crowe Town and Crowe's Neck.Шаблон:Sfn Also on the neck is Horsefoot Road, and next to that is Horsefoot Cove. Horsefoot refers to a horseshoe crab.Шаблон:Sfn

West Dennis Beach was once known as Davis Beach, and the road that runs along the length of the beach is Davis Beach Road. Charles Henry Davis sold the beach to the Town in the early 1900s.Шаблон:Sfn Davis once transported and combined seven houses into a single mansion on the other side of the Bass River in South Yarmouth, giving it the name The House of Seven Chimneys.Шаблон:Sfn At the east end of the beach is the Lighthouse Inn on Lighthouse Road, where a lighthouse was built in 1855 and was in service until 1914. Шаблон:Sfn Recently, the West Dennis Light has been restored as a private aid to navigation, and operates during the summer months.[7]

Kelly's Pond was probably named for David and Elihu Kelly, who lived nearby in the early 1800s.Шаблон:Sfn The area between Kelly's Pond and the Bass River is known as Wrinkle Point.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Wrinkle is another word, commonly used by locals in days gone by, for periwinkle.Шаблон:Sfn Uncle Barney's Road, which runs up Wrinkle Point parallel to the Bass River, was named for Barnabas Baker, who had a saltworks in the area in the 1800s.Шаблон:Sfn

The area between Weir Creek and Swan River was once known as Battletown, with Lower County Road being called Battletown Road.Шаблон:Sfn It was said by a late 1800s resident of the road, Anthony Gage, that "Men used to raise sons to send'em down her to fight."Шаблон:Sfn

South Village was a fishing hamlet in West Dennis during its early days that is memorialized by South Village Road, Lane, Circle, Drive, and Beach.Шаблон:Sfn At one end of South Village Road is Trotting Park Road, which took its name from the popular race track that was off the street in the late 1800s.Шаблон:Sfn At the northern end of the road is a house named Jericho.Шаблон:Sfn It was built by Captain Theophilus Baker in 1801, and was purchased in the 20th century by Virginia Gildersleeve and Elizabeth Reynard.Шаблон:Sfn They gave the house its present name because its walls were about to come "tumbling down," but they made repairs and gave the house to the town in 1962.Шаблон:Sfn

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Dennis, Massachusetts has a warm-summer, wet all year, humid continental climate (Dfb). Dfb climates are characterized by at least one month having an average mean temperature ≤ 32.0 °F (≤ 0.0 °C), at least four months with an average mean temperature ≥ 50.0 °F (≥ 10.0 °C), all months with an average mean temperature ≤ 71.6 °F (≤ 22.0 °C), and no significant precipitation difference between seasons. The average seasonal (Nov-Apr) snowfall total is around 30 in (76 cm). The average snowiest month is February which corresponds with the annual peak in nor'easter activity. The plant hardiness zone is 7a with an average annual extreme minimum air temperature of 2.0 °F (–16.7 °C).[8]

Шаблон:Weather box

Ecology

According to the A. W. Kuchler U.S. Potential natural vegetation Types, Dennis, Massachusetts would primarily contain a Northeastern Oak/Pine (110) vegetation type with a Southern Mixed Forest (26) vegetation form.[9]

Demographics

Шаблон:See also Шаблон:Historical populations As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 15,973 people, 7,504 households, and 4,577 families residing in the town. The census measures the year-round population; in the summer the population is estimated to be 63,000.[2] The census population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 14,105 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of the town was 94.99% White, 1.93% Black or African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.88% from other races, and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.65% of the population.

There were 7,504 households, out of which 18.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.65.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 16.9% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 28.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,598, and the median income for a family was $50,478. Males had a median income of $40,528 versus $29,153 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,428. About 5.4% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.4% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.

Beaches

Шаблон:Main All the public beaches in Dennis are owned by the town. The Northside beaches are located on Cape Cod Bay, while the Southside beaches are located on Nantucket Sound. Some of them have different names for different entrances. On the Northside, Corporation Beach and Howes Street Beach are on the same strip of public beach. The same goes for Mayflower Beach and Bayview* Beach, and Cold Storage* Beach and Sea Street Beach. Chapin Beach and Harborview* Beach are not paired with any other. On the Northside, the town also owns two beaches on Scargo Lake: Scargo Beach and Princess Beach.

The Southside beaches are Glendon Beach, Haigis Beach, Inman Road Beach, Raycroft Beach, Metcalfe Memorial Beach, West Dennis Beach, South Village Beach, and Sea Street Beach.

All of the public beaches in Dennis are free to walk on. However, every beach (except those with a *) charges a non-resident parking fee of $20 per day during the week, $25 per day on the weekend, or $75 per week.[11] Residents (Dennis taxpayers) can buy beach parking stickers with proof of residency for $40 for the season. At resident-only beaches (marked with a *), non-residents may not park at all.

Mayflower Beach[12] faces Cape Cod Bay and is named after the Pilgrims' ship, the Mayflower.[12]

Sports and recreation

Файл:Chris Sale in 2017 (37215240281) (cropped).jpg
Chris Sale played for the Yarmouth–Dennis Red Sox in 2009.

With neighboring Yarmouth, Dennis is home to the Yarmouth–Dennis Red Sox, an amateur collegiate summer baseball team in the Cape Cod Baseball League. The team plays at Red Wilson Field and has featured dozens of players who went on to careers in Major League Baseball such as Craig Biggio, Buster Posey, and Chris Sale.

In addition to the beaches, there are several key recreation areas in the town. Johnny Kelley Recreation area in South Dennis provides a hiking/jogging trail, an exercise trail, a Braille trail, playing courts and fields, playground and picnic area. The Nobscussett Conservation Area (usually called "Indian Lands") provides easy hiking trails and views along the protected shores of Bass River, where the Nobscussetts had spent their winters.[13] Crowe's Pasture on the north side of the town provides many acres of open land and hiking with water views. Bass River Park in West Dennis offers fine views of Bass River and the boating activity there. Popular children's playgrounds are found at the Baker School in West Dennis, at the West Dennis Community Building, and at the village green in Dennis Port.

Transportation

Dennis is crossed from east to west by Cape Cod's three main routes, U.S. Route 6, Massachusetts Route 6A and Massachusetts Route 28. Massachusetts Route 134 crosses the town south to north from Route 28 to Route 6A. (It is debatable that Route 134 is a Massachusetts state highway; it was technically the "East-West Dennis Road (Route 134)... an urban principal arterial owned by the Town" according to a Massachusetts Department of Transportation study by Howard/Stein-Hudson Associates of Boston written in July 2010. Whether it was later acquired by the state is not known. Technically, a Massachusetts state highway has to cross town lines and the East-West Dennis Road does not. In addition it is called the East West Dennis Road because it "connects" East Dennis to West Dennis, not because it runs from east to west according to the compass.) East of the Route 134 exit, Route 6 (also known as the Mid-Cape Highway) downgrades from a four-lane divided highway to a two-lane limited access highway, divided only by markers.

Prior to 2018, the Cape's Bay Colony Rail service officially ended in the town just west of Route 134. Although the right of way for this line probably existed, there has long been no railroad bridge over Bass River and therefore no trains have entered the town of Dennis for decades. In approximately 2018, this railway was removed, which allowed for the expansion of the Cape Cod Rail Trail. Construction of the extension included a pedestrian bridge over Bass River, which connected the trail to Yarmouth.[14] The Cape Cod Rail Trail is a paved bicycle trail that runs "down" the Cape to Wellfleet along the former right-of-way of the railway. There are also several other bicycle trails in town. The nearest regional air service is at the Barnstable Municipal Airport, and the nearest national and international air service is at Logan International Airport in Boston.

Government

The town of Dennis is governed by an open town meeting form of government, and is led by a board of selectmen, which delegates day-to-day operations to a town administrator. The town has a police department, and the fire department headquartered near the intersection of Routes 28 and 134 with a branch station off of Route 6A. There are post offices in each of the five villages, as well as libraries. The central library is located in Dennis Port, and all are a part of the Cape Libraries Automated Materials Sharing library network. The town operates its own landfill, located southeast of the junction of Routes 6 and 134.[15]

Dennis is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in the First Barnstable District. The town is represented in the Massachusetts Senate as a part of the Cape and Islands District, which includes all of Cape Cod (except the towns of Bourne, Falmouth, and Sandwich), and the islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket.[16] The town is patrolled by the Second (Yarmouth) Barracks of Troop D of the Massachusetts State Police.[17]

Dennis in the Massachusetts 9th congressional district and represented by William Keating. The state's senior (Class II) member of the United States Senate, elected in 2012, is Elizabeth Warren. The junior (Class I) senator, elected in 2013, is Ed Markey.

Education

Dennis shares its school system with Yarmouth to form the Dennis-Yarmouth Regional School District. The town itself operates the Ezra H. Baker School, which serves students from pre-kindergarten through third grade. The Nathaniel H. Wixon Middle School, which serves grades 4 and 7. High school students attend Dennis-Yarmouth Regional High School in Yarmouth. Students are not officially contracted to any vocational high schools; private schools can be found in each of the neighboring towns.

Notable people

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:AmCyc Poster

Шаблон:Barnstable County, Massachusetts Шаблон:Massachusetts

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок dennispolice не указан текст
  3. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок names не указан текст
  4. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Origin не указан текст
  5. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок atlas не указан текст
  6. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Census 2010 не указан текст
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок GR2 не указан текст
  11. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок beaches не указан текст
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок may не указан текст
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок landfill не указан текст
  16. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок rep не указан текст
  17. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок police не указан текст
  18. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок grimes не указан текст
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