Английская Википедия:Descendants of Charles I of England
Charles I of England was the second King of the then newly enthroned House of Stuart and had many descendants. He was the second but eldest surviving son of King James I of England. He became heir apparent to the English, Irish and Scottish thrones on the death of his elder brother in 1612. Later, he married a Bourbon princess, Henrietta Maria of France, after a failed Spanish match.
During his time in Spain, he met a daughter from one of the junior branches of the Brydges family (Barons Chandos) of Sudeley Castle, by whom he had a natural daughter, Joanna Brydges, who was brought up in Mandinam, Wales.Шаблон:Dub She went on to marry Bishop Jeremy Taylor, as his second wife. From this marriage, two daughters were born, Mary Taylor, who married Bishop Francis Marsh and had issue; and Joanna Taylor, who married Edward Harrison, MP for Lisburn, and had issue.
His reign is known for his conflicts with the Parliament of England, which sought to curb his royal prerogative. Charles believed in the divine right of kings, which was against the belief of many of his subjects, leading to them perceiving his actions as those of a tyrannical absolute monarch. His religious policies, coupled with his marriage to a Roman Catholic, made him an enemy of the Puritans and Calvinists. Most of his actions as monarch ultimately helped precipitate the English Civil War and his eventual deposition and beheading in 1649 and the declaration of the Protectorate under Oliver Cromwell.
Many of today's European royalty are descendants of Charles, such as Juan Carlos I of Spain, Franz, Duke of Bavaria, Philippe of Belgium, Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and the late Otto von Habsburg. Many are related to him via collateral lines, such as Charles III of the United Kingdom (descended from his sister Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, mother of Sophia, Electress of Hanover); Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands and Margrethe II of Denmark. He is also the ancestor of Diana, Princess of Wales,Шаблон:Clarify mother of William, Prince of Wales and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex who are first and fifth in line to the succession to the British throne. This article deals with the numerous individuals who are and were descendants of Charles by his wife Henrietta Maria of France. He is not known to have had any illegitimate children after his marriage.
Marriage and progeny
Descendants
Illegitimate progeny of Charles II of England
Progeny of Princess Mary
Name of descendant | Portrait | Birth and parents | Marriages and issue | Death | Miscellaneous |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
King William III of England | Файл:King William III of England.jpg | 14 November 1650 Son of Mary and William II |
Mary II of England No Issue |
8 March 1702 (aged 51) | Deposed his uncle James II of England and was crowned King. Married his cousin, Princess Mary, and jointly ruled with her; has no surviving descendants. |
Progeny of James II of England
Name of descendant | Portrait | Birth and parents | Marriages and issue | Death | Miscellaneous |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Queen Mary II of England | Файл:Mary II after William Wissing.jpg | 30 April 1662, daughter of James II and Lady Anne Hyde | William III of England No issue |
28 December 1694 (aged 32) | Ruled jointly with her cousin and husband, William; has no descendants. |
Queen Anne of Great Britain | Файл:Annavon GroßbritannienDahl.jpg | 6 February 1665, Daughter of James II and Lady Anne Hyde | Prince George of Denmark 17 children |
1 August 1714 (aged 49) | Presided over the union of England and Scotland as Great Britain; Her only son to survive infanthood, Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, died young, hence she has no descendants. |
James Francis Edward Stuart | Файл:Portrait of James Francis Edward Stuart by Antonio David.jpg | 10 June 1688, Son of James II and Mary of Modena | Maria Klementyna Sobieska 2 children |
1 January 1766 (aged 77) | The House of Stuart ended with the death of his second son, the Cardinal of York. |
Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart | Файл:Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart.jpg | 28 June 1692, Daughter of James II and Mary of Modena | Never married | 18 April 1712 (aged 19) | She was the last legitimate female scion of the House of Stuart, other than her elder half-sister, Anne; She was a possible match for Charles XII of Sweden, her first cousin, once removed Charles, Duke of Berry, and another cousin, the future George II of Great Britain; has no descendants. |
Illegitimate progeny of James II of England
Name of descendant | Portrait | Birth and parents | Marriages and issue | Death | Miscellaneous |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick | Файл:James FitzStuart, Duke of Berwick.png | 21 August 1670, Son of James II and his mistress Arabella Churchill | Honora de Burgh 1 children Anne Bulkeley 10 children |
12 June 1734 (aged 64) | Has surviving descendants. His full-sister, Henrietta FitzJames, is the ancestor of Diana, Princess of Wales. |
Progeny of Henrietta of England
Name of descendant | Portrait | Birth and parents | Marriages and issue | Death | Miscellaneous |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marie Louise d'Orléans | Файл:Marie-Louise d'Orléans, reine d'Espagne.jpg | 26 March 1662, Daughter of Philippe d'Orléans and Henrietta |
Charles II of Spain No Issue |
12 February 1689 (aged 26) | Was the first wife of the last Habsburg monarch of Spain, Charles II. Has no descendants. |
Anne Marie d'Orléans | Файл:Anne Marie d'Orléans, Mademoiselle de Valois.jpg | 27 August 1669, Daughter of Philippe d'Orléans and Henrietta |
Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia 3 children |
26 August 1728 (aged 69) | Has surviving descendants. Her daughter married into the French royal family and became the mother of Louis XV of France. |
Grandchildren and later descendants of Henrietta of England
Name of descendant | Portrait | Birth and parents | Marriages and issue | Death | Miscellaneous |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marie Adélaïde of Savoy | Файл:Marie Adélaïde of Savoy (1685–1712), Duchess of Burgundy in 1710 by Gobert.jpg | 6 December 1685, Daughter of Anne Marie and Victor Amadeus |
Louis, Duke of Burgundy 2 children |
12 February 1712 (aged 26) | Has surviving descendants through her only surviving son, Louis, who succeeded his great-grandfather as Louis XV of France. |
Louis XV of France | Файл:Head of King Louis XV by François Lemoyne.jpg | 15 February 1710, Son of Marie Adélaïde and Louis, Duke of Burgundy |
Marie Leszczyńska 10 children |
10 May 1774 (aged 64) | Has surviving descendants, among whom are Juan Carlos I of Spain and Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou, the current legitimist pretender to the defunct French throne. |
Louise Élisabeth, Duchess of Parma | Файл:Portræt af Louise-Elisabeth de France, Louis XV's datter "Mme Infante", hertuginde af Parma (1749) by Jean-Marc Nattier.jpg | 14 August 1727, Daughter of Louis XV and Marie Leszczyńska |
Philip, Duke of Parma 3 children |
6 December 1759 (aged 32) | Has numerous descendants through her son, Ferdinand, Duke of Parma and her daughter Maria Luisa (later Queen of Spain). Their descendants frequently intermarried between each other and as such, many individuals today can claim descent from both siblings. Among their descendants are Juan Carlos I of Spain, Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Philippe of Belgium, Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou and Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria. |
Ferdinand, Duke of Parma | Файл:Bresciani - Ferdinand I of Parma.png | 20 January 1751, Son of Louise Élisabeth and Philip, Duke of Parma |
Maria Amalia of Austria 3 children |
9 October 1802 (aged 51) | His surviving daughter Caroline married into the Royal Family of Saxony and has many descendants within the Royal Families of Saxony, Italy, Austria and Bavaria. His son Louis continued the line of the House of Bourbon-Parma. He is also an ancestor of the current Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne, Carlos, Duke of Parma and also of members of the Tuscan, Austrian and Luxembourgian royal families. |
Maria Luisa, Queen of Spain | Файл:María Luisa de Parma, reina de España.jpg | 9 December 1751 Daughter of Louise Élisabeth and Philip, Duke of Parma |
Charles IV of Spain 7 children |
2 January 1819 (aged 67) | Has numerous descendants in the existing branches of the House of Bourbon and also shares many descendants with her brother, Ferdinand, due to the intermarriage prevalent in the Spanish branch of the House of Bourbon and its own cadet branches. Royal heads of state like Juan Carlos I of Spain, Philippe of Belgium and Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg descend in direct lines from her. |
See also
- House of Stuart
- Henrietta Maria of France
- Descendants of James II of England
- Descendants of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
References