Английская Википедия:Df (Unix)
Шаблон:Lowercase Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox software Шаблон:Mono (abbreviation for disk free) is a standard Unix command used to display the amount of available disk space for file systems on which the invoking user has appropriate read access. Шаблон:Mono is typically implemented using the statfs or statvfs system calls.
History
Шаблон:Code for Unix-like systems is part of the X/Open Portability Guide since issue 2 of 1987. It was inherited into the first version of POSIX and the Single Unix Specification.[1] It first appeared in Version 1 AT&T Unix.[2]
The version of Шаблон:Mono bundled in GNU coreutils was written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Paul Eggert.[3] The command is available as a separate package for Microsoft Windows as part of the UnxUtils collection of native Win32 ports of common GNU Unix-like utilities.[4]
Usage
The Single UNIX Specification specifications for Шаблон:Mono are:
df [-k] [-P|-t] [-del] [file...]
- Шаблон:Mono
- Use 1024-byte units, instead of the default 512-byte units, when writing space figures.
- Шаблон:Mono
- Use a standard, portable, output format
- Шаблон:Mono
- Display in more easily human readable units such as KB, MB, GB or TB.Шаблон:Clarify
- Шаблон:Mono
- Write the amount of free space of the file system containing the specified file
Most implementations of Шаблон:Mono in Unix and Unix-like operating systems include extra options. The BSD and GNU coreutils versions include Шаблон:Mono, which lists free space in human readable format displaying units with the appropriate SI prefix (e.g. 10 MB[5]), Шаблон:Mono, which lists inode usage, and Шаблон:Mono, restricting display to only local filesystems. GNU Шаблон:Mono includes Шаблон:Mono as well, listing filesystem type information, but the GNU Шаблон:Mono shows the sizes in 1K blocks by default.
Specification
The Single Unix Specification (SUS) specifies by original space is reported in blocks of 512 bytes, and that at a minimum, the file system names and the amount of free space.
The use of 512-byte units is historical practice and maintains compatibility with Шаблон:Mono and other utilities. This does not mandate that the file system itself be based on 512-byte blocks. The Шаблон:Mono option was added as a compromise measure. It was agreed by the standard developers that 512 bytes was the best default unit because of its complete historical consistency on System V (versus the mixed 512/1024-byte usage on BSD systems), and that a Шаблон:Mono option to switch to 1024-byte units was a good compromise. Users who prefer the more logical 1024-byte quantity can easily Шаблон:Mono Шаблон:Mono to Шаблон:Mono without breaking many historical scripts relying on the 512-byte units.
The output with Шаблон:Mono consists of one line of information for each specified file system. These lines are formatted as follows:
Шаблон:Tag Шаблон:Tag Шаблон:Tag Шаблон:Tag Шаблон:Tag Шаблон:Tag
In the following list, all quantities expressed in 512-byte units (1024-byte when -k is specified) will be rounded up to the next higher unit. The fields are:
- Шаблон:Tag
- The name of the file system, in an implementation-defined format.
- Шаблон:Tag
- The total size of the file system in 512-byte units. The exact meaning of this figure is implementation-defined, but should include Шаблон:Tag, Шаблон:Tag, plus any space reserved by the system not normally available to a user.
- Шаблон:Tag
- The total amount of space allocated to existing files in the file system, in 512-byte units.
- Шаблон:Tag
- The total amount of space available within the file system for the creation of new files by unprivileged users, in 512-byte units. When this figure is less than or equal to zero, it shall not be possible to create any new files on the file system without first deleting others, unless the process has appropriate privileges. The figure written may be less than zero.
- Шаблон:Tag
- The percentage of the normally available space that is currently allocated to all files on the file system. This shall be calculated using the fraction:
- expressed as a percentage. This percentage may be greater than 100 if Шаблон:Tag is less than zero. The percentage value shall be expressed as a positive integer, with any fractional result causing it to be rounded to the next highest integer.
- Шаблон:Tag
- The directory below which the file system hierarchy appear
Example
Example outputs of the df command:
$ df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev 48764976 0 48764976 0% /dev
tmpfs 9757068 173100 9583968 2% /run
/dev/sda2 1824504008 723009800 1008791744 42% /
tmpfs 48785328 0 48785328 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 48785328 0 48785328 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 523248 3672 519576 1% /boot/efi
$ df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev 12191244 500 12190744 1% /dev
tmpfs 12196332 702 12195630 1% /run
/dev/sda2 115859456 2583820 113275636 3% /
tmpfs 12196332 1 12196331 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 12196332 5 12196327 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 12196332 16 12196316 1% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 0 0 0 - /boot/efi
$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 47G 0 47G 0% /dev
tmpfs 9.4G 170M 9.2G 2% /run
/dev/sda2 1.7T 690G 963G 42% /
tmpfs 47G 0 47G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 47G 0 47G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 511M 3.6M 508M 1% /boot/efi
See also
References
External links
Manual pages
- df — manual page from GNU coreutils
- Шаблон:Man
- The df Command – by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
Шаблон:Unix commands Шаблон:Core Utilities commands
- ↑ Шаблон:Man
- ↑ Шаблон:Man
- ↑ Шаблон:Man
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 1 MB = one million bytes
