Английская Википедия:Diadema (sea urchin)
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Diadema is a genus of sea urchins of the family Diadematidae.[1]
Characteristics
It is one of the most abundant, widespread, and ecologically important shallow water genera of tropical sea urchins. It is found in all tropical oceans, although is ubiquitous in the Indo-Pacific region, where it inhabits depths down to 70 m. However each species inhabits roughly separate areas of ocean.
Speciation within the genus can be difficult to confirm, partly due to hybridisation, which is at least known to occur between Diadema savignyi and Diadema setosum.
The species vary in types of sea bed they inhabit, with Diadema savignyi inhabiting sandy beds and back reef where damaged; while Diadema setosum can also commonly be found among seagrass.
Fossil record
The fossil record of Diadema is extremely poor, consisting only of spines that possibly belong to the genus, some of which go back to the Miocene, 5 to 25 million years ago.
Species list
According to World Register of Marine Species :
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
| Файл:Diadema africanum 121395807.jpg | Diadema africanum (Rodríguez, Hernández, Clemente & Coppard, 2013) | Western Africa |
| Файл:Diadema antillarum.jpg | Diadema antillarum (Philippi, 1845) | Gulf of Mexico |
| Diadema ascensionis (Mortensen, 1909) | Central tropical Atlantic | |
| Файл:Blue urchin and blue seastar.jpg | Diadema mexicanum (Agassiz, 1863) | West coast of tropical Americas |
| Diadema palmeri (Baker, 1967) | South-west Pacific, especially New Zealand | |
| Файл:Nadel-Seeigel.JPG | Diadema paucispinum (Agassiz, 1863) | Central Pacific, and possibly North Indian Ocean and other zones |
| Файл:Diadema savignyi1.jpg | Diadema savignyi (Michelin, 1845) | Tropical Indo-Pacific |
| Файл:Diadema setosum (Kenya).JPG | Diadema setosum (Leske, 1778) | Tropical Indo-Pacific |
Fossils
- Diadema principeana Weisbord, 1934 † (fossil taxon, Eocene from Cuba)
- Diadema vetus Lambert, 1931c † ( fossil taxon, first appeared in the Miocene in North Africa)
References
Bibliography
- Nyawira A. Muthiga and Timothy R. McClanahan, "Diadema", in John M. Lawrence, Sea Urchins: Biology and Ecology, London, Elsevier, 2013.
- Шаблон:Cite journal
- Edge of reef
Шаблон:Taxonbar Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег
<ref>; для сносокWoRMSне указан текст
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