Английская Википедия:Diamondback soil centipede

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Geophilus vittatus, also known as the diamondback soil centipede,[1] is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae widespread in North America[2] and named for the dark band of diamond-shaped markings across its back. G. vittatus grows up to 52 millimeters in length, though it averages 25–40, and ranges from brown- to orange-yellow in color, with 49–53 leg pairs in females, 49–51 leg pairs in males, and a lack of consolidated carpophagus structures. It can be found under any debris on the forest floor, but mostly under loose bark[3] and occasionally near the sea.[4]

Taxonomy

G. rubens' (Say, 1821) synonymy with G. vittatus was proved by Hoffman & Crabill (1953), and was originally very likely based on a specimen of Strigamia bidens.[5]

Behavior

When threatened, G. vittatus will secrete poisons from its underside.[1] The secretion is proteinaceous and contains two cyanogenetic compounds, mandelonitrile and benzoyl cyanide, as well as two products derived from these compounds as a result of hydrogen cyanide production (benzaldehyde and benzoic acid). Benzoyl cyanide has not been previously recorded from a natural source.[6]

References

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