Английская Википедия:Diarrhena americana
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Diarrhena americana, also known as American beak grass or American beakgrain, is a native, perennial bunchgrass of North America.Шаблон:RШаблон:R
Historically, Diarrhena americana was the only species of beak grass recognized in the United States; however studies have suggested that the known beak grass is to be classified into two distinct species, Diarrhena americana and Diarrhena obovata.Шаблон:R
Distribution
Diarrhena americana naturally occurs throughout the Midwestern United States, including in eastern Oklahoma and Missouri; south to Alabama; east to Kentucky, the Appalachian Mountains and northern Maryland; and north to southern Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and southern Michigan.Шаблон:R[1][2]
The grass plant lives in rich cove forests and woodlands, preferring to grow in the moist soils of shaded ledges and riverbanks.[3] It grows in rich, moist woodlands from Missouri to Maryland and south to Oklahoma and Alabama.Шаблон:R
Description
Diarrhena americana is a bunchgrass that grows in Шаблон:Convert tall clumps. It has bright green leaf blades, that can grow up to Шаблон:Convert in width.Шаблон:R
These perennial plants can grow flowers that grow above the foliage, with 3 inch tall floral spikes, during the early to mid-summer. The culms range from Шаблон:Cvt high.Шаблон:RШаблон:RШаблон:R
By late summer the flowers turn into hard, brown seed heads.Шаблон:R Each seed is reduced to a blunt beak, which is where the common name of beak grass comes from, and this beak is dispersed.Шаблон:R
Cultivation
Diarrhena americana is cultivated as an ornamental grass, grown in traditional and wildlife gardens, and in natural landscaping projects.Шаблон:R
It is considered an easy plant to grow and maintain, not needing much sun or water while generally being a tough plant. It will tolerate drought, heavy shade, competition from eastern black walnuts, and urban air pollution.Шаблон:R When available, the plant will grow into dense clumps in moist rich soils in full shade.Шаблон:R
Conservation
Diarrhena americana is a listed endangered species in Maryland and Wisconsin, and a threatened species in Michigan.Шаблон:R
References
- Koyama, T. and S. Kawano. 1964. Critical taxa of grasses with North American and eastern Asiatic distribution. Can. J. Bot. 42:859–864.
- Tateoka, T. 1960. Cytology in grass systematics: A critical review. Nucleus (Calcutta) 3:81–110.
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- Pooideae
- Flora of Northern America
- Plants described in 1803
- Taxa named by Palisot de Beauvois
- Drought-tolerant plants
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