Английская Википедия:Dipteris
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Automatic taxobox
Dipteris is a genus of about seven species of ferns, native to tropical regions across the world, particularly Asia, with a species in northeastern Queensland in Australia. It is one of two genera in the family Dipteridaceae.
Description
Species of Dipteris grow from creeping rhizomes,[1] and have large stalks to the sporangium and annulus.[2] The rhizomes have bristles (or hairs) and the fronds have uniseriate hairs (having one line or series).[3] All species of Dipteris have spore-capsules that are carried on the lower surface of the broad lobed frond.[4] The fronds can reach up to 50 cm long.[5]
Taxonomy
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt first published the genus in 1825,[6] by describing Dipteris conjugata Reinw.[7] which is the best known species.[8]
In 1839, R. Brown reduced the genus to a subgenus of Polypodium.[9] In 1901, Konrad Christ published Die Farnkrauter der Erde't, within which he included the genus Dipteris in the family Polypodiaceae, (a subdivision of the Polypodiacea).[10] It was then later placed into a separate genus,[4][5] Bower (1928), Ching (1940) and Pichi-Sermolli (1958) all having recreated the family Dipteridaceae, then comprising only one genus, Dipteris,[11] due to the differences in sporangium, stomata and gametophte.[3]
The Latin genus name Dipteris refers to an amalgamation of two terms: di meaning two, and pteris Greek word used for ferns generally, meaning wing-like.[12]
Species
Шаблон:As of, Plants of the World Online and the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World recognized seven species:[13][14]
- Dipteris chinensis Christ – Tropical Asia and Australasia
- Dipteris conjugata Reinw. – Indochina to Australia (Queensland), and some islands in the Pacific Ocean
- Dipteris lobbiana (Hook.) T. Moore – Cuba, Hispaniola
- Dipteris nieuwenhuisii Christ
- Dipteris novoguineensis Posth.
- Dipteris papilioniformis Kjellb.
- Dipteris wallichii (R. Br.) T. Moore – India, Cuba, Hispaniola
Dipteris polyphyllus, a species from New Guinea has not been fully accepted as a species.[15]
Distribution and habitat
Many species are found in Malaysia, Philippines, Samoa and New Guinea, growing beside Matonia (another fern species).[5][10] Most of the species grow on rocks, exposed places, clearings and in thickets.[16]
Fossils
The genus has been found to have been widely distributed during the Jurassic period,[2] of the Mesozoic Era when much of the genus was widely distributed around Europe. Such fossils have been found in England, Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, Switzerland, Bornholm (island), Greenland, and Poland.[10]
References
Other sources
- Douglas Houghton Campbell, The Evolution of the Land Plants (Embryophyta), 1940
- Anil Kumar, Botany for Degree Pteridophyta, 2006
- Sir Arthur George Tansley, The New Phytologist, 1956
External links
Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Plant classification Шаблон:Fern classification Шаблон:Taxonbar
- ↑ F. O. Bower Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 R.D. Preton and H.W. Woolhouse Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Peter H. Hovenkamp Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 A. C. Seward Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 A. C. Seward Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ 10,0 10,1 10,2 Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Indian Botanical Society, Memoirs, Issue 4, page 9, 1963
- ↑ D. Gledhill Шаблон:Google books
- ↑ Шаблон:Citation
- ↑ Шаблон:Citation
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ K.U. Kramer, Klaus Kubitzki, P.S. Green (Editors) Шаблон:Google books
