Английская Википедия:Djeoromitxí language
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox language Djeoromitxi or Jabutí (Yabuti) is an endangered Yabutian language that is spoken by only about fifty people (though including some children) in Rondônia, Brazil, at the headwaters of the Rio Branco.
Phonology
There is no tonal system in Djeoromitxí and accent is not contrastive. Morphophonological processes are rare.
Syllable structure follows a (C)V pattern.Шаблон:Sfnp
Consonants
The table below shows the consonant phonemes of Djeoromitxí according to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010).Шаблон:Sfnp
Although Pires (1992) counts /b/ /d/ as distinct phonemes, Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) count them as allophones of /m/ /n/ before oral vowels.Шаблон:Sfnp
According to Pires (1992), [[[:Шаблон:IPA link]]] is an allophone of /Шаблон:IPA link/ before high and medium round vowels, and [[[:Шаблон:IPA link]]] is an allophone of /Шаблон:IPA link/ following the high nasal vowel /Шаблон:IPA link/.
While /ps/ and /bz/ only occur before /i/, they are contrastive with the other bilabial obstruents.Шаблон:Sfnp
According to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010), /k/ is backed to [q] before [ʉ] and often aspirated before /ə/ and /u/. They state that /p/ is realized as [ɸ] or [pɸ] before back vowels and [ʉ].
When preceded by a personal prefix, or when starting the second element of a compound, /h/ becomes /r/. With some roots, /h/ can become /n/ in a similar manner.Шаблон:Sfnp
Vowels
The tables below show the vowel phonemes of Djeoromitxí according to Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010).Шаблон:Sfnp
The accounts of Pires (1992) and Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) basically agree on the vowel phonemes.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link |
| Close-mid | Шаблон:IPA link | ||
| Open-mid | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | |
| Open | Шаблон:IPA link |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | Шаблон:IPA link | ||
| Open-mid | Шаблон:IPA link | Шаблон:IPA link | |
| Open | Шаблон:IPA link |
According to Pires (1992), [[[:Шаблон:IPA link]]] is an allophone of /Шаблон:IPA link/ in free variation with [[[:Шаблон:IPA link]]] after /Шаблон:IPA link/.Шаблон:Sfnp
Ribeiro and van der Voort (2010) state that /ʉ/ is often realized as [ø].Шаблон:Sfnp
Grammar
Djeoromitxí has nouns, verbs, adverbs and particles, with adjectives treated as intransitive verbs. Its syntax is noun-modifier and SOV or OVS in order.Шаблон:Sfnp
The following examples demonstrate noun-modifier and SOV word order.
Pronouns and person markers
The following table shows Djeoromitxí pronominal forms.Шаблон:Sfnp
| Pronoun | Possessive/Preposition | Intransitive subject | Transitive subject | Transitive object | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | hʉ | — | — | hʉ | — |
| 2nd person | adʒɛ | a- | a- | adʒɛ | a-/adʒɛ |
| 3rd person | na | i-/N | i-/na/N | na/N | i-/N |
| 1st person plural | hirʉ | hi- | hi- | hirʉ | hi- |
| Impersonal | — | hi- | — | — | i-/ɛ- |
The use of the forms is illustrated in the following examples:Шаблон:Sfnp
References
Citations
Works cited
External links
Шаблон:Macro-Jê languages Шаблон:South American languages
