Английская Википедия:Documento Nacional de Identidad (Argentina)

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Шаблон:ForШаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox Identity document Documento Nacional de Identidad or DNI[1] (which means National Identity Document[2]) is the main identity document for Argentine citizens, as well as temporary or permanent resident aliens (DNI Extranjero). It is issued at a person's birth, and must be updated at 8 and 14 years of age, and thereafter every 15 years. It takes the form of a card (DNI tarjeta), and is required for voting, payments, military service inscriptions and formalities. They are issued by the National Registry of Persons (RENAPER).

The front side of the card states, in both English and Spanish, the name, sex, nationality, specimen issue, date of birth, date of issue, date of expiry, and transaction number along with the DNI number, portrait, and signature of the card's bearer. The back side of the card shows the address of the card's bearer (and it used to show with their right thumbprint along). Both back sides of the card shows a QR code, and a machine-readable information. The unique DNI number is semi-perforated through the front-right side of the card. Also, biometric version includes braile support.

The DNI is a valid international travel document to enter the member countries of Mercosur (Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela) and countries associated to the bloc (Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru).[3]

History

Before the introduction of the DNI in 1968, women had a Libreta cívica ("civic booklet"); men a Libreta de enrolamiento ("(military) enrollment booklet").[4][5] For many years, the DNI was issued as a small green booklet (called libreta). In 2009, the DNI was revamped and digitalized; and booklets (now blue) were issued along with an identity card simultaneously. Since 2012, DNIs are issued only in card format. The new DNI card is required to obtain the new biometric Argentine passport. Foreigners can get it at “RadEx” system but "extranjero" (foreigner) is printed on the back side. Argentines can get a libro de matrícula, which is only for citizens, in consulates.[6]

In 2020, the DNI card was restyled to show the new bicontinental official map of Argentina.[7][8]

On 20 July 2021, President Alberto Fernández signed a decree (Decreto 476/2021) mandating the RENAPER to allow a third gender option on all DNI cards and passports, marked as an "X". The measure applies to non-citizen permanent residents who possess Argentine identity cards as well.[9] In compliance with the 2012 Gender Identity Law, this made Argentina the first country in South America to legally recognize non-binary gender on all official documentation, freely and upon the person's request.[10][11][12]

In April 2023, an important development occurred in Argentina with regards to the DNI. This development marked a significant step in the ongoing historical narrative surrounding the Falkland Islands (known as the Malvinas Islands in Argentina) and the recognition of the contributions and sacrifices made by its veterans, putting a new 'seal' with the geographic map of it, with the legend "HEROE DE LAS ISLAS MALVINAS".[13] This update was mandatory only for war veterans.[14]

As of December 2023, the Argentine National Registry of Persons (Renaper), operating under the Ministry of Interior, has introduced the new Biometric National Identity Document (DNI). This cutting-edge identification document stands out for its adherence to the highest international standards in terms of security, technology, and quality. It incorporates an electronic chip and a QR code, enabling electronic document validation, identity verification, digital functionalities, and enhanced security measures.

Printed using laser technology on polycarbonate, the new document incorporates advanced physical security features to enhance visual verification and prevent counterfeiting. Polycarbonate, known for its durability, serves as the base material, providing increased resilience.[15]

Physical appearance

Файл:Argentine Biometric DNI Security Characteristics.png
Characteristics of the current ID card (specimen)

The current ID card is an ID-1 (credit card size) polycarbonate with an embedded RFID chip. It is covered with multi-color guillochés and appears blue and light-blue from a distance. All the information on it (except for nationality, DOCUMENTO NACIONAL DE IDENTIDAD, and everthing on the rear side), is given in Spanish, and English.

Front side

The front side shows the Sun of May, the Cockade,A Bicontinental Map, three stars, and the words "Шаблон:Lang República Argentina - Mercosur". It contains the following information:

Rear side

The rear side shows the National Flag Memorial, the Argentina Flag, Falkland Islands map, the Ceibo flower, and the Southern right whale. It contains the following information:

For non-citizens, it is also added:

  • Country of birth
  • Date of entry (into the nation) (dd.mm.yyyy)
  • Entry category (Шаблон:Lang or Шаблон:Lang)
  • Disposición
  • Filing date (dd.mm.yyyy)
  • Expiry (Only for temporary) (dd.mm.yyyy)

Machine-readable zone

The MRZ is structured according to the ICAO standard for machine-readable ID cards:

First line

positions text meaning
1–2 ID identity document
3-5 ARG issuing country: Argentina (Шаблон:Lang)
6–14 alphanumeric digits document number
15 decimal digit check digit over 6–14

Second line

positions text meaning
1–6 decimal digits date of birth (YYMMDD)
7 decimal digit check digit over 1–6
8 decimal digit First letter of the name or seccond name
9–14 decimal digits date of expiry (YYMMDD)
15 decimal digit check digit over 9–14
16-18 ARG code of the country: Argentina (Шаблон:Lang)
30 decimal digit check digit over 6–30 (upper line), 1–7, 9–15, 19–29 (middle line)

Third line

positions text meaning
1–30 alphabetic digits<alphabetic digits<alphabetic digits SURNAME<< GIVEN<NAMES

Empty spaces are represented by "<".

Security features

The identity card contains the following security features:[16]

  • Front
  • Rainbow print or iris print
  • Printing of touch surfaces
  • Offset printing composed of security backgrounds
  • Guilloche of two colors
  • Line Width Modulation
  • Integrated Transparent Hologram
  • Matte surface printing
  • Numismatic print design
  • Safety background merged with portrait area
  • Transparent window
  • Pre customized serial number
  • Repeating photos within a transparent window (ghost image)
  • Laser engraved personal data
  • Changing laser imaging
  • Changeable portrait photo repetition with copy letter
  • Tactile laser engraving on the date of birth data
  • Transparent liquid coating of the photographic portrait with typographic personalization of the surname and date of birth
  • Safety background merged with portrait area
    • Rear
  • OVI optically variable ink.
  • Offset printing of security backgrounds
  • Transparent window (with mismatched shapes)
  • Rainbow print
  • Line width modulation
  • Numismatic Print Design

Chip

Newer ID cards contain an ICAO recommendations compatible RFID chip. The chip stores the information given on the ID card (like name or date of birth), the holder's picture and fingerprints. In addition, the new ID card can be used for online authentication, governmental transactions, digital certificate, access to Online Services, etc. An electronic signature, provided by a private company, can also be stored on the chip.[17] The fingerprints take is mandatory. However, there are rare exceptions to this rule, for medical issues, for example.[18] They are uploaded to the Шаблон:Lang (Criminal database).[19]

Problems and challenges

The main issues of the Argentine Identity cards are mainly the price, due to the inflation, and it has been reported to be fairly high.[20] Exceptions of payments can be made to those people who have a "Шаблон:Lang". However, internet access is required due to the use of TAD (Trámites a distancia).[21]

In the elections of 2023 there were some issues with old documents, such as the old "DNI Card" (delivered with the old blue booklet) that said "Шаблон:Lang" (Not valid as a vote proof). That, in fact, it was actually valid. This also included the electoral census issues.[22]

Old booklet

Earlier Identity cards in Argentina came in the form of paper booklets in a green cover for Argentines, Bordeaux cover for foreigners, much like modern day passports. On the outside, the Emblem of the Argentine Republic Republic as well as the words "Mercosur" "REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA" ("Argentine Republic"), "DOCUMENTO NACIONAL DE IDENITDAD", "REGISTRO NACIONAL DE LAS PERSONAS LEY 17.671" ("NATIONAL REGISTRY OF PERSONS LAW 17,671"), are embossed. Inside the cover page there was a place for votes proofs and addresses change. They also had the legends written "MENOR DE 16 AÑOS"(under 16 years)[23] and "EXTRANJERO"[24] (foreigner), respectively.[25] Inside the cover page there is a notice to the bearer:

La presentación del documento nacional de identidad, expedido por el Registro nacional de Personas, será obligatoria en todas las circunstancias comprendidas en esta Ley, sin que pueda ser suplido por ningún otro documento de identidad.

Art. 13 - Ley 17.671.
Todas las personas de existencia visible o sus representantes legales, comprendidas en la presente Ley, consulares o que se habiliten como tales, el "cambio de domicilio", dentro de los treinta días de haberse producido la novedad.
Art. 47 - Ley 17.671.

Which translates to:

The presentation of the national identity document, issued by the National Registry of Persons, will be mandatory in all circumstances covered by this Law, and it cannot be replaced by any other identification document.
Art. 13 - Law 17,671.
All persons of visible existence or their legal representatives, covered by this Law, consular or those who enable themselves as such, must report a "change of address" within thirty days of the occurrence of the change.
Art. 47 - Law 17,671.

Digital Booklet

By 2009, the Argentine Identity card has been "remade" in new blue booklet, made of a plastic,[26] incorporating new features. Most parts were "digitalized", incorporating new features, to prevent counterfeiting. However, some kept "handwritten" style in some parts. A new "card" version also was delivered for Argentines and non-citizens, residing in the country, as long as they were 16 years, or over, in all the cases.[27]

Gallery

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Шаблон:Identity cards

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Citation
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Libreta de enrolamiento of Julio Cortázar Шаблон:Webarchive
  5. ↑ Argentine government website: How Argentine citizens abroad can apply for a DNI with an existing Libreta cívica or Libreta de enrolamiento Шаблон:Webarchive Шаблон:In lang
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  26. ↑ "Anexo - I" Boletín oficial
  27. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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