Английская Википедия:Donogh O'Brien, 4th Earl of Thomond

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Donogh O'Brien,Шаблон:Efn 4th Earl of Thomond and Baron Ibrickan, PC (Ire) (died 1624), was a Protestant Irish nobleman and soldier. He fought for Queen Elizabeth during Tyrone's Rebellion and participated in the Siege of Kinsale. He obtained the transfer of County Clare, where most of his lands lay, from the Province of Connacht to that of Munster. He was made president of Munster in 1605.

Birth and origins

Donogh was born in the 1560s.Шаблон:Efn He was the eldest son of Conor O'Brien, and his second wife, Una O'Brien-Arra.Шаблон:Sfn His father was the 3rd Earl of Thomond. His father's first wife had died in 1560.Шаблон:Sfn His father's family, the O'Briens, were a Gaelic Irish dynasty that descended from Brian Boru, medieval high king of Ireland.Шаблон:Sfn

Donogh's mother was a daughter of Turlough O'Brien of Arra, County Tipperary.Шаблон:Sfn This Arra is in the north of the Owney and Arra barony around the Arra Hills.Шаблон:Sfn His mother's family was a cadet branch of his father's family. His parents married in or after 1560 as his father's first wife died in that year.Шаблон:Sfn

Donogh had two brothers and three sisters, who are listed in his father's article.

Early life

O'Brien was brought up at Elizabeth's courtШаблон:Sfn and therefore became a Protestant. He was already living there when he was mentioned as Baron Ibrickan in the patent granted to his father on 7 October 1577.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

First marriage and daughter

O'Brien married, first, Ellen, or Any, or Eveleen, daughter of Maurice Roche, 6th Viscount Fermoy.Шаблон:Sfn Her family was Old English and Catholic.

Donogh and Ellen had one daughter:Шаблон:Sfn

• Margaret, married Charles MacCarthy, 1st Viscount Muskerry and was mother of Donough MacCarty, 1st Earl of ClancartyШаблон:Sfn

His first wife died in 1583.Шаблон:Sfn

Thomond

On his father's death in 1581 he succeeded as 4th Earl of Thomond.Шаблон:Sfn By 1582 Thomond, as he now was, had returned to Ireland.Шаблон:Sfn

Thomond was assiduous in his attendance upon the lord-deputy in 1583 and 1584. In 1584 he was one of the commissioners who established the agreement that tanistry and the law of partible succession should be abolished in Connaught, and a tax of ten shillings a quarter be paid on land.Шаблон:Sfn

He attended the Irish parliament 1585–1586 where he quarrelled with Ulick Burke, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde over precedence.Шаблон:Sfn

Second marriage and children

In or before 1588 Thomond married secondly Elizabeth, fourth daughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare and his wife Mabel Brown.

Шаблон:Anchor Donogh and Elizabeth had two sons:

1. Henry (1588–1639), succeeded his father as the 5th Earl of ThomondШаблон:Sfn
2. Barnabas (died 1657), succeeded his brother as the 6th Earl of ThomondШаблон:Sfn

His second wife died on 12 January 1617.

Tyrone's Rebellion

in 1595 Tyrone's rebellion, also called the Nine Years' War, broke out. Thomond played a major part in its suppression. In command of a large force, he passed the River Erne in July and invaded Hugh Roe O'Donnell's country, but retreated in August when a truce was signed. In September he was detached by Sir William Russell, Lord Deputy of Ireland since 16 May 1594, with five companies of foot and 145 horse, for the defence of Newry. Russel was succeeded in March 1597 as lord deputy by Thomas Burgh, 5th Baron Borough and Thomond served in 1597 in his campaign, but early next year went to England, arriving in London on 19 January 1598; where he stayed most of the year at Queen Elizabeth's court.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn

Файл:Donogh O'Brien, 4th Earl of Thomond.jpg

Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin

He therefore was absent at the Battle of Yellow Ford in August 1698,Шаблон:Sfn where Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone defeated and mortally wounded Sir Henry Bagenal, marshal of the Royal Irish Army. The defeat was followed by the spread of disaffection into Thomond's country. Teige O'Brien, Thomond's next brother, entered into communication with Tyrone's son, and joined the rebels. This left the defence of the land in the hands of the youngest brother Daniel. In 1599 O'Donnell invaded Clare, ravaging the country, capturing most of the castles, and taking Daniel prisoner.Шаблон:Sfn Thomond's second brother, Teige, was long imprisoned in Limerick on account of his rebellion, but was released on protesting his loyalty; after another imprisonment he joined in Hugh Roe O'Donnell's second invasion of Clare in 1599, and was killed during Thomond's pursuit of the rebels.Шаблон:Sfn

Thomond returned from England, and after spending three months with his kinsman, the Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormond, in collecting forces, he invaded Clare to revenge his brother's imprisonment and recover his possessions. He procured ordnance from Limerick, and laid siege to the castles that resisted, capturing them after a few days' fighting; at Dunbeg, which surrendered immediately, he hanged the garrison in couples on trees. The invaders were completely driven out of Clare and the neighbouring country, and the loyalists had their strongholds restored to them. During the rest of 1599 Thomond accompanied Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex on his progress through Munster, but left him at Dungarvan and returned to Limerick, being appointed governor of Clare on 15 August, and made a member of the privy council on 22 September.Шаблон:Sfn

During 1600 Thomond was constantly occupied in the war.Шаблон:Sfn In April he, Sir George Carew, and Ormond attended a parly with Owen McRory O'More, the son of Rory O'More. A quarrel broke out. He and Carew narrowly escaped capture while Ormond was taken captive.Шаблон:Sfn Thomond saved Carew's life and cut a way for both of them through their enemies, though he was wounded.Шаблон:Sfn

He was present at an encounter with Florence MacCarthy Reagh and assisted at his submission in May. In June he was commanding in Clare and opposing O'Donnell's raids. He entertained the lord-deputy at Bunratty and marched out to oppose Tyrone's progress southwards, but no battle was fought, and Tyrone returned without having even seen an enemy. Next year, after holding an assize at Limerick in February, at which sixteen men were hanged, Thomond again went to England, probably with the object of obtaining the governorship of Connaught and of securing the union of Clare with Munster. He delayed there, then set out by Bristol, and, landing at Castlehaven on 11 November 1601, proceeded to Kinsale, where he took a prominent part in the siege. After the surrender of Kinsale he proceeded through Munster, and established himself in Bere Island. He was in command at the siege of Dunboy and hanged fifty-eight of the survivors.Шаблон:Sfn

Until June 1602 Thomond was constantly with the army. He then again visited England, and, as a recompense for his services, his request for the transfer of Clare was granted, though the lord-deputy and privy council of Ireland were opposed to the measure. He returned in October. In 1603 he became a member of the Irish Privy Council.Шаблон:Sfn On 30 July 1604 he was appointed constable of Carlow, and on 6 May 1605 he became President of Munster.Шаблон:Sfn

Late life, death, and timeline

In 1613 Thomond attended the House of Lords of the Irish Parliament of 1613–1615. He strongly upheld the Protestant party in its opposition to the recusants in the disputes about the election of the speaker of the House of Commons.Шаблон:Sfn

On 17 May 1619 he was reappointed governor of Clare. He became one of the sureties for Florence MacCarthy Reagh, who had been imprisoned since his surrender in 1600, and who dedicated to Thomond his work on the antiquity and history of Ireland.Шаблон:Sfn

He died on 5 September 1624, at Clonmel, and was buried in Limerick Cathedral, where a monument with an inscription was erected to his memory.Шаблон:Sfn

Pollard (1895b) concludes that he was one of the most influential and vigorous of the Irish loyalists; and, though his devotion and motives were sometimes suspected, Carew wrote that "his services hath proceeded out of a true nobleness of mind and from no great encouragement received" from the court.Шаблон:Sfn

Timeline
As his birth date is uncertain, so are all his ages.
Age	Date	Event
0	1560, estimate	BornШаблон:Efn
Шаблон:Age	1573, 23 Feb	Fitz Maurice submitted to John Perrot, Lord President of Munster, at KilmallockШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1577	Mentioned as baron Ibrickan (courtesy title) in his father's new patentШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1581	Succeeded as 4th Earl of ThomondШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1588	Son Henry born
Шаблон:Age	1590, about	Daughter Margaret married Charles MacCarthy, 1st Viscount MuskerryШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1594, 16 May	William Russell, appointed Lord Deputy of Ireland Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1597, 5 Mar	Thomas, Lord Burgh, appointed Lord Deputy of IrelandШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1598, 14 Aug	The Irish defeated Henry Bagenal at the Battle of the Yellow FordШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1599, 12 Mar	Robert, Earl of Essex, appointed Lord Lieutenant of IrelandШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1601, 23 Sep	The Spanish landed at KinsaleШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1603, 30 Mar	The Treaty of Mellifont ended Tyrone's Rebellion.Шаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1603, 24 Mar	Accession of King James I, succeeding Queen Elizabeth IШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1604, 15 Oct	Sir Arthur Chichester, appointed Lord Deputy of IrelandШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Age	1605, 6 May	Appointed President of Munster
Шаблон:Age	1624, 5 Sep	Died in Clonmel

References

Sources

• Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia – (for timeline)
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book – L to M (for Muskerry)
• Шаблон:Cite book – S to T (for Thomond)
• Шаблон:Cite book – Canonteign to Cutts (for Clancarty)
• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite DNB
• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite book – (for timeline)
• Шаблон:Cite book – 1534–1691
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite web
• Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book – Irish stem
• Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
• Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia

Attribution

• Шаблон:DNB