Английская Википедия:Donuts (album)

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Шаблон:Infobox album

Donuts is the second studio album by the American hip hop producer J Dilla, released on February 7, 2006, by Stones Throw Records. It was released on the day of his 32nd birthday, three days before his death.

The album was recorded in 2005, largely during J Dilla's extended stay at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center due to complications from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and lupus.[1] Twenty-nine of the album's thirty-one tracks were recorded in J Dilla's hospital room, using a 45-rpm record player and a Boss SP-303 sampler.[1][2][3]

Donuts received widespread critical acclaim for its dense, eclectic sampling and its perceived confrontation of mortality.[4] Pitchfork placed the album at number 38 on their list of the top 50 albums of 2006[5] and at number 66 on their list of the top 200 albums of the 2000s.[6] In 2020, Rolling Stone ranked the album at 386 in their 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[7] It is regarded, by fans and critics alike, as J Dilla's magnum opus,[8] a classic of instrumental hip hop, and one of the most influential hip hop albums of all time,[9] with artists of many genres citing it as an inspiration.[10]

Background

In 2002, J Dilla had been diagnosed with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, an incurable disease of the blood, while also battling lupus, which had been diagnosed a year previously. According to close friend and fellow producer Karriem Riggins, the impetus for Donuts came during an extended hospital stay in the summer of 2005.

In his last interview, which was granted to Scratch Magazine in November 2005, Dilla briefly spoke about the creation of the album:

Шаблон:Blockquote

In the December 2006 issue of The Fader, J Dilla's mother Maureen Yancey, a former opera singer, spoke of watching her son's daily routine during the making of Donuts:

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Composition

Donuts is an instrumental hip hop album;[11] the only lyrics on it are short phrases and gasps taken from various records.[12] Donuts contains 31 tracks,[13] which was J Dilla's age at the time of recording.[14] Most songs are quite short, running at lengths of 1–1.5 minutes each,[15] and vary in style and tone.[12] Clash called the album "a conversation between two completely different producers".[16] The original press release for the album compared it to scanning radio stations in an unfamiliar city.Шаблон:Sfn

The track order is also unusual: the album begins with an outro and ends with the intro.[17][12] According to Collin Robinson of Stereogum, "it's almost too perfect a metaphor for Dilla's otherworldly ability to flip the utter shit out of anything he sampled".[17] The ending of the final track flows right into the beginning of the first one,Шаблон:Sfn forming an infinite loop,[18] and alluding to donuts' circular form.[17][19]

Recording

In 2005, J Dilla underwent treatment at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center for complications brought on by thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and a form of lupus.Шаблон:Sfn While in the hospital, he worked on two albums: Donuts and The Shining.[20] 29 out of 31 tracks from Donuts were recorded in hospital,[1] using a Boss SP-303 sampler and a Numark PT-01 record player his friends brought him.[3] Records his mother and friends would bring were used as the source of the samples for the album.[12] In the Crate Diggers documentary, his mother recalled: "When I took the crate up, and he looked through it, I think out of a whole milk crate full of 45s, I think he might have taken a dozen out of there and set them aside. He said 'you can take that back to the house'. He said 'none of that's good'."[2]

Throughout the year his condition worsened. His legs swelled, making it difficult to walk. At times his hands swelled so much he could barely move them. If the pain was too intense, his mother would massage his fingertips, so he could continue working on the album. Occasionally he would wake up in the middle of the night and ask his mother to move him from his bed to the instruments. According to Kelley L. Carter of Detroit Free Press, Dilla told his doctor he was proud of the work, and that all he wanted to do was to finish the album.[21]

While working on the album, Dilla didn't allow anyone to listen to the unfinished version and was furious when he found out his mother listened to it while he was in dialysis.[2][22]

Release and promotion

Donuts was ready to be released by October 2005, but according to Stones Throw, their distributor, EMI, "didn't think a weird, difficult instrumental album by an underground producer would move the projected 10,000 copies", since Dilla's previous album, Champion Sound, failed to achieve commercial success.Шаблон:Sfn Later the label came to an understanding with the distributor and the album was set for release in early February 2006, along with a bonus single "Signs".Шаблон:Sfn

Donuts was released on February 7, 2006, J Dilla's 32nd birthday.[23] To celebrate this, his friends, Madlib, Peanut Butter Wolf, Egon, and J Rocc, visited his house. Although J Dilla was generally energetic despite his health condition, he was mumbling and gesturing weakly during that day.[21]Шаблон:Sfn Three days later, on February 10, 2006, he died at his home in Los Angeles, California. According to his mother, the cause was cardiac arrest.[24]

The album's cover was designed by Stones Throw art director, Jeff Jank. Due to the state of Dilla's health at the time, it was not possible to compose a new photo for the album's cover. Instead, a photo from some raw footage of Dilla hanging out at MED's video shoot for his single, "Push" was used. The raw footage was submitted from director Andrew Gura to Jeff Jank. Seeing the photo, Maureen Yancey stated that she thought this photo perfectly captured her son's spirit.[25] The album's title came from J Dilla's personal fondness for donuts.[26]

Dilla's death, three days after the album's release, was widely mourned by the hip hop community, including all those who worked with him in the past and the years closer to his death, especially Detroit's hip-hop community (which included rapper Proof, a friend and associate of Dilla's, who died soon after Dilla).

Donuts: J Rocc's Picks

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To promote the album, Stones Throw, in association with Guitar Center and Adult Swim, released a limited edition EP called Donuts EP: J. Rocc's Picks. The EP contained five extended versions of Donuts instrumentals and the bonus track, "Signs". Copies of the EP were given away on Winter Music Conference (WMC) 2006 and South by Southwest (SXSW) 2006. The label later started selling digital versions of the EP on their official site.[27]

Rereleases

In January 2013, the album was rereleased as a box set. Apart from seven 7-inch vinyl records it contained a bonus 7-inch with tracks "Signs" and "Sniper Elite & Murder Goons", featuring MF Doom and Ghostface Killah.[28][29] A number of music journalists criticized the box set, stating that the album should be listened as a whole and shouldn't be split.[19][3]

On September 27, 2014, Donuts was released on compact cassettes, as a part of Cassette Store Day.[30]

In February 2016, on Donuts's 10th anniversary, LP version of the album was rereleased. It included the original cover art with Jeff Jank's drawing on it, new drawing on the back, and liner notes by Jordan Ferguson, containing an excerpt from his book Donuts from 33⅓ series about the making of the album.[31][32]

Reception and legacy

Шаблон:Album ratings Donuts was released to universal acclaim from music critics and has since been a cult favorite.[33] The album holds a score of 84 out of 100 on the review aggregate site Metacritic, indicating "universal acclaim".[34] Will Dukes of Pitchfork wrote that Donuts showcases Dilla paying homage to "the selfsame sounds he's modernized", and in that sense, the album "is pure postmodern art—which was hip-hop's aim in the first place."[35] PopMattersШаблон:' Michael Frauenhofer described Donuts as an "album of explosions and restraint, of precisely crafted balances and absurd breakdowns, of the senselessly affecting juxtaposition of the most powerful of dreams."[12] The A.V. ClubШаблон:'s Nathan Rabin noted Dilla's "ability to twist and contort samples into unrecognizable new forms" and concluded that "as an album from one of rap's most revered producers on one of hip-hop's most respected labels, Donuts would qualify as a fairly major release under any circumstances, but J Dilla's recent death lends it additional significance and gravity."[36] Andy Kellman of AllMusic wrote that Donuts "has a resonance deeper than anyone could've hoped for or even imagined" given Dilla's passing shortly after its release, and ultimately "just might be the one release that best reflects his personality".[14] Giving it a three-star honorable mention rating in his review for MSN Music, Robert Christgau called Donuts "more about moments than flow, which is strange when you think about it".[37]

In a 2007 guest column for Pitchfork, Panda Bear of Animal Collective stated that Donuts was "By far the album I've listened to most over the past year, and I feel like almost any of the songs off there I could say is my favorite."[38] Online music service Rhapsody ranked the album at number three on its "Hip-Hop's Best Albums of the Decade" list.[39] It ranked number nine on ClashШаблон:'s Essential 50 countdown in April 2009,[16] and the magazine later wrote that its "legacy is undeniable".[40] In a 2012 review of the Donuts 45 box set, Pitchfork accorded the album a revised 10/10 rating, with critic Nate Patrin writing: "It's a widely praised favorite for so many people, and yet there's something about Donuts that feels like such an intensely personal statement".[3] Q, in 2017, called it a "tour de force in postmodern beatmaking".[41]

Further track appearances

Many rappers have performed over instrumentals from Donuts, both on official and unofficial releases. The tracks "One for Ghost" and "Hi" were used in Ghostface Killah's Fishscale, under the names "Whip You With a Strap" and "Beauty Jackson", respectively. Ghostface Killah also used "Geek Down" for the song "Murda Goons", released on his Hidden Darts: Special Edition album. J Dilla's posthumously released album The Shining, also released with new verses on Common's Finding Forever, uses a re-edited version of "Bye.” After Dilla's passing, The Roots used "Time: The Donut of the Heart" for their J Dilla tribute "Can't Stop This" on the album Game Theory. In 2005, the track "Mash" was rapped over by MF DOOM and Guilty Simpson on the track "Mash's Revenge", which appears on the Stones Throw compilation "B-Ball Zombie War". DOOM also used "Anti-American Graffiti", which appeared on the Dilla Ghost Doom release Sniperlite, as well as "Lightworks" on a track of the same name on his album Born Like This. Other rappers that have used Donuts instrumentals on mixtape and non-album releases include Drake,[42] Nas,[43] Talib Kweli,[44] Jay Electronica,[17] Big Sean,[45] Big Pooh,[46] Charles Hamilton,[47] and Lupe Fiasco.[48]

Cartoon Network has used many of the album's tracks as bumper music during the Adult Swim programming block. Adult Swim, which has been in a partnership with Stones Throw records, cited the track "Stepson of the Clapper" as a favorite.[49] In 2017, Dave Chappelle used "Workinonit" as the theme music for his two Netflix stand-up specials.[50]

Track listing

Шаблон:Track listing

Personnel

Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.[51][52]

  • J Dilla – producer
  • Peanut Butter Wolf – executive producer
  • Dave Cooley – mastering
  • Jeff Jank – design
  • Andrew Gura – photography

Sample credits

Шаблон:Original research section Шаблон:Div col

Шаблон:Div col end

Charts

Шаблон:Album chart
Chart (2006) Peak
position

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Works cited

External links

Шаблон:J Dilla

Шаблон:Use mdy dates

Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

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  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок p4k не указан текст
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 12,4 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок popmatters не указан текст
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 14,2 14,3 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок allmusic не указан текст
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок rs не указан текст
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ 17,0 17,1 17,2 17,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 Шаблон:Cite news
  22. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок fader_blog не указан текст
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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  31. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  33. ↑ Charlie Coffeen gathers dream team to re-create classic J. Dilla album 'Donuts' - Chicago Tribune
  34. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок metacritic не указан текст
  35. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Dukes не указан текст
  36. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Club не указан текст
  37. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  38. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  39. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  40. ↑ Ошибка цитирования Неверный тег <ref>; для сносок Clash не указан текст
  41. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  42. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  43. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  44. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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  50. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  51. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media notes
  52. ↑ Шаблон:Cite AV media notes
  53. ↑ J Dilla’s 10cc Sample on Donuts Is the Subject of Copyright Infringement Lawsuit|Pitchfork
  54. ↑ Beastie Boys - Licensed to Ill|AllMusic
  55. ↑ Africa - Music from "Lil Brown"|AllMusic
  56. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  57. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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