Английская Википедия:Doris Hart

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox tennis biography Doris Hart (June 20, 1925 – May 29, 2015) was an American tennis player who was active in the 1940s and first half of the 1950s. She was ranked world No. 1 in 1951. She was the fourth player, and second woman, to win a Career Grand Slam in singles. She was the first of only three players (all women) to complete the career "Boxed Set" of Grand Slam titles, which is winning at least one title in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events. Only she and Margaret Court achieved this during the amateur era of the sport.

Hart played collegiate tennis for the Miami Hurricanes at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida.

Tennis career

Hart reached 67 Grand Slam finals and won 35 titles, tying with Louise Brough for sixth on the all-time list (behind Margaret Smith Court (64), Martina Navratilova (59), Billie Jean King (39), Serena Williams (39), and Margaret Osborne duPont (37)). Six of her titles were in women's singles, 14 in women's doubles, and 15 in mixed doubles.[1] Hart is one of only three players, all women, to have a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles — every possible title (singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles) from all four Grand Slam tournaments. The others are Margaret Smith Court and Martina Navratilova.[1] Hart was the first person to accomplish this feat.[2]

As a child, Hart suffered from osteomyelitis, which resulted in a permanently impaired right leg. She started playing tennis when she was 10 years old, greatly encouraged by her brother Bud.[1]

After losing seven Grand Slam finals from 1942 through 1946, Hart won her first Grand Slam title at the 1947 Wimbledon Championships in women's doubles. At that point, she was still a student at the University of Miami.[3][4]

Her first Grand Slam singles title came at the 1949 Australian National Championships, where she was the only non-Australian player in the draw. She also won singles titles at the 1950 and 1952 French International Championships, the 1951 Wimbledon Championships (routing doubles partner Shirley Fry in the final),[3] and the 1954 and 1955 U.S. National Championships.[3][5] The 1955 U.S. singles final was the last Grand Slam singles match of her career.[5]

Hart won the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles at the 1951 Wimbledon Championships, playing the finals of all three events on the same day (July 7, 1951).[3] She also won the "triple crown" at the 1952 French International Championships and the 1954 U.S. National Championships.[6]

During her Wightman Cup career from 1946 through 1955, Hart was a perfect 14–0 in singles matches and 8–1 in doubles matches.[1]

Hart did not lose a Grand Slam women's doubles match from the 1951 French International Championships through the semifinals of the 1954 Wimbledon Championships, 43 matches in total, although she skipped 4 Grand Slam tournaments during this period. She also did not lose a mixed doubles match at the 13 Grand Slam tournaments she played from the 1951 French International Championships through the 1955 U.S. National Championships. She (and partner Stan Smith) lost in the third round of the 1968 Wimbledon Championships to Frew McMillan and Annette Van Zyl Du Plooy 6–3, 12–10.

According to John Olliff and Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail, Hart was ranked in the world top 10 from 1946 through 1955 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of world No. 1 in those rankings in 1951.[7] Hart was included in the year-end top 10 rankings issued by the United States Lawn Tennis Association from 1942 through 1955. She was the top ranked U.S. player in 1954 and 1955.[8]

Hart retired from the tour in late 1955 to become a tennis teaching professional. Her autobiography Tennis with Hart was published that year.[6]

She was inducted into the inaugural Class of 1967 inductees to the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame and inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1969.

She died on May 29, 2015, at her home in Coral Gables, Florida, at age 89.[9]

Grand Slam finals

Singles (6 titles, 12 runners-up)

Result Year Championship Surface Opponent Score
Loss 1946 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz 9–11, 3–6
Loss 1947 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont 2–6, 4–6
Loss 1947 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd 3–6, 6–3, 4–6
Loss 1948 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough 3–6, 6–8
Win 1949 Australian Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton 6–3, 6–4
Loss 1949 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont 3–6, 1–6
Loss 1950 Australian Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough 4–6, 6–3, 4–6
Win 1950 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd 6–4, 4–6, 6–2
Loss 1950 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont 4–6, 3–6
Loss 1951 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry 3–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win 1951 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry 6–1, 6–0
Win 1952 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry 6–4, 6–4
Loss 1952 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly 3–6, 5–7
Loss 1953 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly 2–6, 4–6
Loss 1953 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly 6–8, 5–7
Loss 1953 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly 2–6, 4–6
Win 1954 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough 6–8, 6–1, 8–6
Win 1955 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Ward 6–4, 6–2

Doubles (14 titles, 16 runners-up)

Result Year Championship Surface Partner Opponents Score
Loss 1942 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 6–2, 5–7, 0–6
Loss 1943 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 4–6, 3–6
Loss 1944 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 6–4, 4–6, 3–6
Loss 1945 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 3–6, 3–6
Loss 1946 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 3–6, 6–2, 3–6
Loss 1946 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Pauline Betz Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 4–6, 6–0, 1–6
Win 1947 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 3–6, 6–4, 7–5
Loss 1947 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 5–7, 2–6
Loss 1947 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 7–5, 3–6, 5–7
Win 1948 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd Шаблон:Flagicon Mary Arnold Prentiss
Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry		 6–4, 6–2
Loss 1948 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 1–6, 1–6
Loss 1948 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 4–6, 10–8, 1–6
Loss 1949 Australian Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Marie Toomey Шаблон:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton
Шаблон:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long		 0–6, 1–6
Loss 1949 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 4–6, 8–10
Win 1950 Australian Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough Шаблон:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton
Шаблон:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long		 6–3, 2–6, 6–3
Win 1950 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 1–6, 7–5, 6–2
Loss 1950 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 4–6, 7–5, 1–6
Loss 1950 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 2–6, 3–6
Win 1951 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Beryl Bartlett
Шаблон:Flagicon Barbara Scofield		 10–8, 6–3
Win 1951 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 6–2, 13–11
Win 1951 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Nancy Chaffee
Шаблон:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd		 6–4, 6–2
Win 1952 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Hazel Redick-Smith
Шаблон:Flagicon Julia Wipplinger		 7–5, 6–1
Win 1952 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly		 8–6, 6–3
Win 1952 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly		 10–8, 6–4
Win 1953 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly
Шаблон:Flagicon Julia Sampson		 6–4, 6–3
Win 1953 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly
Шаблон:Flagicon Julia Sampson		 6–0, 6–0
Win 1953 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 6–2, 7–9, 9–7
Loss 1954 Wimbledon Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 6–4, 7–9, 1–6
Win 1954 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 6–4, 6–4
Loss 1955 U.S. National Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont		 3–6, 6–1, 3–6

Mixed doubles: 19 (15 titles, 4 runners-up)

Result Year Championship Surface Partner Opponents Score
Loss 1945 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Bob Falkenburg Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont
Шаблон:Flagicon Bill Talbert		 4–6, 4–6
Loss 1948 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Pat Canning Todd
Шаблон:Flagicon Jaroslav Drobný		 3–6, 6–3, 3–6
Loss 1948 Wimbledon Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon John Bromwich 		2–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win 1949 Australian Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Joyce Fitch
Шаблон:Flagicon John Bromwich		 6–1, 5–7, 12–10
Win 1950 Australian Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Joyce Fitch
Шаблон:Flagicon Eric Sturgess		 8–6, 6–4
Loss 1950 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont
Шаблон:Flagicon Ken McGregor		 4–6, 6–3, 3–6
Win 1951 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long
Шаблон:Flagicon Mervyn Rose		 7–5, 6–2
Win 1951 Wimbledon Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton
Шаблон:Flagicon Mervyn Rose		 7–5, 6–2
Win 1951 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Шаблон:Flagicon Mervyn Rose		 6–3, 6–2
Win 1952 Wimbledon Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long
Шаблон:Flagicon Enrique Morea		 4–6, 6–3, 6–4
Win 1952 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Шаблон:Flagicon Eric Sturgess		 6–8, 6–3, 6–3
Win 1952 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Frank Sedgman Шаблон:Flagicon Thelma Long
Шаблон:Flagicon Lew Hoad		 6–3, 7–5
Win 1953 French Championships Clay Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Maureen Connolly
Шаблон:Flagicon Mervyn Rose		 4–6, 6–4, 6–0
Win 1953 Wimbledon Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Шаблон:Flagicon Enrique Morea		 9–7, 7–5
Win 1953 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Julia Sampson
Шаблон:Flagicon Rex Hartwig		 6–2, 4–6, 6–4
Win 1954 Wimbledon Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret duPont
Шаблон:Flagicon Ken Rosewall		 5–7, 6–4, 6–3
Win 1955 Wimbledon Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Louise Brough
Шаблон:Flagicon Enrique Morea		 8–6, 2–6, 6–3
Win 1954 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Margaret duPont
Шаблон:Flagicon Ken Rosewall		 4–6, 6–1, 6–1
Win 1955 U.S. Championships Grass Шаблон:Flagicon Vic Seixas Шаблон:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Шаблон:Flagicon Gardnar Mulloy		 7–5, 5–7, 6–2

Grand Slam performance timelines

Шаблон:Performance key

Singles

Tournament 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 19461 19471 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 Career SR Win–loss
Australian Championships A NH NH NH NH NH A A A W F A A A A A 1 / 2 8-1
French Championships NH R R R R A QF F SF A W F W F A A 2 / 7 28-5
Wimbledon Championships NH NH NH NH NH NH QF F F A SF W QF F SF SF 1 / 9 43-8
U.S. National Championships 2R2 1R QF SF QF SF F SF QF F F SF F F W W 2 / 16 57-13
SR 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 3 0 / 3 0 / 3 1 / 2 1 / 4 1 / 3 1 / 3 0 / 3 1 / 2 1 / 2 6 / 34
Win–loss 0-0 0-1 3-1 3-1 2-1 3-1 10-3 14-3 11-3 9-1 20-3 15-2 13-2 14-3 10-1 9-1 136-27

Doubles

Tournament 1942 1943 1944 1945 19461 19471 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956– 1967 1968 1969 Career SR
Australian Championships NH NH NH NH A A A F W A A A A A A A A 1 / 2
French Championships R R R A F F W A W W W W A A A A A 5 / 7
Wimbledon Championships NH NH NH NH F W F A F W W W F 2R A 2R A 4 / 10
U.S. National Championships F F F F SF F F F F W W W W F A A 1R 4 / 15
SR 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 3 1 / 3 1 / 3 0 / 2 2 / 4 3 / 3 3 / 3 3 / 3 1 / 2 0 / 2 0 / 0 0 / 1 0 / 1 14 / 34

Mixed doubles

Tournament 1942 1943 1944 1945 19461 19471 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956–1967 1968 1969 Career SR
Australian Championships NH NH NH NH A A A W W A A A A A A A A 2 / 2
French Championships R R R A 2R A F A 3R W W W A A A A A 3 / 6
Wimbledon Championships NH NH NH NH 4R SF F A SF W W W W W A 3R A 5 / 10
U.S. National Championships 2R 1R QF F QF 1R SF QF F W W W W W A A QF 5 / 15
SR 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 1 0 / 3 0 / 2 0 / 3 1 / 2 1 / 4 3 / 3 3 / 3 3 / 3 2 / 2 2 / 2 0 / 0 0 / 1 0 / 1 15 / 33

R = tournament restricted to French nationals and held under German occupation.
1In 1946 and 1947, the French Championships were held after Wimbledon.
2Hart did not play at this event. Her opponent got a walkover.

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category

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  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Шаблон:Cite news
  4. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite magazine
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