Английская Википедия:Dose rate

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description A dose rate is quantity of radiation absorbed or delivered per unit time. It is often indicated in micrograys per hour (µGy/h)[1] or as an equivalent dose rateT in rems per hour (rem/hr) or sieverts per hour (Sv/h).[2][3]

Dose and dose rate are used to measure different quantities[1] in the same way that distance and speed are used to measure different quantities. When considering stochastic radiation effects, only the total dose is relevant; each incremental unit of dose increases the probability that the stochastic effect happens.[4] When considering deterministic effects, the dose rate also matters. The total dose can be above the threshold for a deterministic effect, but if the dose is spread out over a long period of time, the effect is not observed. Consider the sunburn, a deterministic effect:[4] when exposed to bright sunlight for only ten minutes[5] at a high UV Index, that is to say a high average dose rate,[6] the skin can turn red and painful. The same total amount of energy from indirect sunlight spread out over several years - a low average dose rate - would not cause a sunburn at all, although it may still cause skin cancer.

References

Шаблон:Reflist