Английская Википедия:Double Concerto (Brahms)
Шаблон:Infobox musical composition The Double Concerto in A minor, Op. 102, by Johannes Brahms is a concerto for violin, cello and orchestra. The orchestra consists of 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani and strings.
Origin of the work
The Double Concerto was Brahms' final work for orchestra. It was composed in the summer of 1887, and first performed on 18 October of that year in the Шаблон:Ill in Cologne, Germany.[1] Brahms approached the project with anxiety over writing for instruments that were not his own.[2] He wrote it for the cellist Robert Hausmann, a frequent chamber music collaborator,[3] and his old but estranged friend, the violinist Joseph Joachim. The concerto was, in part, a gesture of reconciliation towards Joachim, after their long friendship had ruptured following Joachim's divorce from his wife Amalie.[4][5] (Brahms had sided with Amalie in the dispute.)
The concerto makes use of the musical motif A–E–F, a permutation of F–A–E, which stood for a personal motto of Joachim, Frei aber einsam ("free but lonely").[6] Thirty-four years earlier, Brahms had been involved in a collaborative work using the F-A-E motif in tribute to Joachim: the F-A-E Sonata of 1853.
Structure
Шаблон:External media The composition consists of three movements in the fast–slow–fast pattern typical of classical instrumental concerti: Шаблон:Ordered list
Performance and reception
Joachim and Hausmann performed the concerto, with Brahms at the podium, several times in its initial 1887–88 season, and Brahms gave the manuscript to Joachim, with the inscription "To him for whom it was written." Clara Schumann reacted unfavourably to the concerto, considering the work "not brilliant for the instruments".[7] Richard Specht also thought critically of the concerto, describing it as "one of Brahms' most inapproachable and joyless compositions". Brahms had sketched a second concerto for violin and cello but destroyed his notes in the wake of its cold reception.Шаблон:Citation needed Later critics have warmed to it: Donald Tovey wrote of the concerto as having "vast and sweeping humour".[8] Its performance requires two brilliant and equally matched soloists.
Scholarly discussion
Richard Cohn has included the first movement of this concerto in his discussions of triadic progressions from a Neo-Riemannian perspective.[9] Cohn has also analysed such progressions mathematically.[10] Cohn notes several progressions that divide the octave equally into three parts, and which can be analyzed using the triadic transformations proposed by Hugo Riemann.
Discography
- Jacques Thibaud and Pablo Casals, Orquestra Pau Casals Шаблон:Abbr Alfred Cortot (1929).[11]
- Jascha Heifetz and Emanuel Feuermann, Philadelphia Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Eugene Ormandy (1939).[12]
- Mischa Mischakoff and Frank Miller, NBC Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Arturo Toscanini (live radio and TV broadcast 1948)
- Adolf Busch and Herman Busch, French National Radio Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Paul Kletzki (live Strasbourg 1949).[13]
- Georg Kulenkampff and Enrico Mainardi, Orchestre de la Suisse Romande Шаблон:Abbr Carl Schuricht (1947).[14]
- Willi Boskovsky and Emanuel Brabec,[15] Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Wilhelm Furtwängler (1950 live recording).[16]
- Nathan Milstein and Gregor Piatigorsky, Philadelphia Robin Hood Dell Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Fritz Reiner (1951).[17]
- Jean Fournier and Antonio Janigro,[18] Vienna State Opera Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Hermann Scherchen (1952).[19]
- Gioconda de Vito and Amadeo Baldovino,[20] Philharmonia Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Rudolf Schwarz (1952).[21]
- David Oistrakh and Pierre Fournier, Philharmonia Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Alceo Galliera (1956).[22]
- Isaac Stern and Leonard Rose, Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra of New York Шаблон:Abbr Bruno Walter (1956).[23]
- Zino Francescatti and Samuel Mayes,[24] Boston Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Charles Munch (live rec. April 1956)[25]
- Zino Francescatti and Pierre Fournier, Columbia Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Bruno Walter (1960).[26]
- Zino Francescatti and Pierre Fournier, BBC Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Sir Malcolm Sargent (date of recording: 30/08/1955).[27]
- Wolfgang Schneiderhan and Enrico Mainardi,[28] Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Karl Böhm (date of recording: 08/25/1957).[29]
- Jascha Heifetz and Gregor Piatigorsky, RCA Victor Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Alfred Wallenstein (1961).[30]
- Salvatore Accardo and Siegfried Palm,[31] Orchestra Sinfonica di Roma della RTV Italiana cond Bruno Maderna (live 1961 Milan).[32]
- Wolfgang Schneiderhan and János Starker, Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Ferenc Fricsay (1962).[33]
- Alfredo Campoli and André Navarra, Hallé Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr John Barbirolli (1963).[34]
- Josef Suk and André Navarra, Czech Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Karel Ančerl (c.1963).[35]
- David Oistrakh and Mstislav Rostropovich, Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Kirill Kondrashin (live 1963).[36]
- David Oistrakh and Mstislav Rostropovich, Cleveland Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr George Szell(1970).[37]
- Christian Ferras and Paul Tortelier, Philharmonia Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Paul Kletzki (1964).[38]
- Yehudi Menuhin and Maurice Gendron, London Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr István Kertész (Bath Festival 1964).[39]
- Yehudi Menuhin and Leslie Parnas,[40] Casals Festival Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Pablo Casals (1969).[41]
- Henryk Szeryng and János Starker, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Bernard Haitink (1971).[42]
- Yan Pascal Tortelier and Paul Tortelier, BBC Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr John Pritchard (1974).[43]
- Salvatore Accardo and Heinrich Schiff, Gewandhausorchester Leipzig Шаблон:Abbr Kurt Masur (1979)[44]
- Itzhak Perlman and Mstislav Rostropovich, Concertgebouw Orchestra, Шаблон:Abbr Bernard Haitink(1980).[45]
- Anne-Sophie Mutter and Antônio Meneses, Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Herbert von Karajan (1983).[46]
- Emmy Verhey and János Starker, Amsterdam Philharmonic Orchestra (nl) Шаблон:Abbr Arpad Joó (1983).[47]
- Gidon Kremer and Mischa Maisky, Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Leonard Bernstein (1984).[48]
- Yehudi Menuhin and Paul Tortelier, London Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Paavo Berglund (1984).[49]
- Isaac Stern and Yo-Yo Ma, Chicago Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Claudio Abbado (1988).[50]
- Raphael Wallfisch and Lydia Mordkovitch (violin), London Symphony Orchestra, Neeme Järvi. Label Chandos (1989)
- Ilya Kaler and Maria Kliegel, National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland Шаблон:Abbr Andrew Constantine (1995).
- Gidon Kremer and Шаблон:Ill, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Nikolaus Harnoncourt (1997).[51]
- Itzhak Perlman and Yo-Yo Ma, Chicago Symphony Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Daniel Barenboim (1997).[52]
- Gil Shaham and Jian Wang, Berliner Philharmoniker Шаблон:Abbr Claudio Abbado (2002).[53]
- Julia Fischer and Daniel Müller-Schott, Netherlands Philharmonic Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Yakov Kreizberg (2007).[54]
- Renaud Capuçon and Gautier Capuçon, Gustav Mahler Jugendorchester Шаблон:Abbr Myung-Whun Chung (2007).[55]
- Vadim Repin and Truls Mørk, Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra Шаблон:Abbr Riccardo Chailly (2009).[56]
- Antje Weithaas and Maximilian Hornung, NDR Radiophilharmonie Шаблон:Abbr Andrew Manze (2019).[57]
Media
See also
References
External links
- Шаблон:IMSLP2
- Шаблон:Webarchive
- Шаблон:Webarchive
- Adaptation of the work as a Cello Concerto
- Шаблон:Cite web
- Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Cheltenham Symphony Orchestra: program notes
- ↑ He disguised his reservations with joyless joking in his letter to Clara Schumann: "...I have had the amusing idea of writing a concerto for violin and cello. If it is at all successful it might give us some fun. You can well imagine the sort of pranks one might play in such a case," he wrote, adding "I ought to have handed on the idea to some who knows the violin better than I do." Litzmann, Schumann/Brahms Letters 8/1887, quoted by Jan Swafford, Johannes Brahms: a biography 1997:539.
- ↑ For Hausmann he had written the Second Cello Sonata the previous summer.
- ↑ "This concerto is a work of reconciliation— Joachim and Brahms have spoken to each other again for the first time in years", Clara Schumann noted in her journal after a rehearsal in Baden-Baden in September 1887.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
- ↑ HMV DB1311-1314/Victor V-8208-8211.
- ↑ HMV/Victor 78rpm:Naxos CD
- ↑ Music and Arts MACD 108
- ↑ Decca 78rpm AK2025-2028: Archipel CD ARPCD 0301
- ↑ Cellist of the Barylli Quartet, Brabec was teacher of Nikolaus Harnoncourt at Vienna.
- ↑ Dynamic IDIS Hist. CD IDI 6554
- ↑ Naxos CD 8.111051
- ↑ Fournier and Janigro played together with Paul Badura-Skoda in a trio ensemble.
- ↑ Westminster LP WLP 5117.
- ↑ Student of Camillo Oblach's at the G.B. Martini School of Music, Bologna, Baldovino was cellist with the Trio Italiano d'Archi and the Trio di Trieste: see [1] here.
- ↑ HMV BLP 1028
- ↑ HMV/EMI SXLP 30185.
- ↑ Philips LP ABL 3139/3289.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Music and Arts, West Hill Radio Archive WHRA 6017.
- ↑ Columbia ML 5493.
- ↑ BBC CD L4149 2.
- ↑ Schneiderhan succeeded Georg Kulenkampff as violin in the trio ensemble with Mainardi and Edwin Fischer after Kulenkampff died.
- ↑ Orfeo CD C 359941B.
- ↑ RCA LD(S)2513
- ↑ Palm was a pupil of Mainardi's, and a President of the European String Teachers' Association: see interview [2] here.
- ↑ Movimento Musica srl Milano (WEA Italiana) 01.017 33/30 DP
- ↑ DG 139126
- ↑ Vanguard SRV-136 SD.
- ↑ Supraphon LP SUA ST 50573.
- ↑ BBC CD L41972
- ↑ HMV ASD 3312
- ↑ Testament CD SBT 1337.
- ↑ BBC CD L4252 2
- ↑ Leslie Parnas
- ↑ Doremi CD DHR 7844
- ↑ Philips 6500 137
- ↑ BBC CD L42362.
- ↑ Philips 9500 623.
- ↑ HMV ASD 3905; EMI CDC 7 49486 2.
- ↑ DG 410 603-1.
- ↑ SEFD 5023 (Sefel Records)
- ↑ DG 410 031-1; DGG DVD 000983409.
- ↑ EMI EG 27 0268 1.
- ↑ CBS Masterworks Mk 42387.
- ↑ Teldec – 0630-13137-2.
- ↑ Teldec 0630-15870-2.
- ↑ CD DG 4695292.
- ↑ PTC 5186 066 (PentaTone Classics).
- ↑ Virgin Classics 00946 395147 2 4.
- ↑ CD DG 4777470.
- ↑ cpo 555 172-2.