Английская Википедия:Dunedin North (New Zealand electorate)
Dunedin North (previously known as North Dunedin) is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate, which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the New Zealand House of Representatives. It was established for the 1905 election and has existed since. It was last held by David Clark of the New Zealand Labour Party, who replaced the long-standing representative Pete Hodgson. It was considered a safe Labour seat, with Labour holding the seat for all but one term (1975–1978) since Шаблон:NZ election link year. In the 2020 electoral boundary review, Otago Peninsula (previously in the Dunedin South electorate) was added to the area to address a population quota shortfall; with this change the electorate was succeeded by the Шаблон:NZ electorate link electorate in the Шаблон:NZ election link.
Population centres
Through the City Single Electorates Act, 1903, the three-member electorates of the four main centres were split again, and this became effective at the end of the 15th Parliament and was thus used for the Шаблон:NZ election link. The Шаблон:NZ electorate link electorate was split into the Шаблон:NZ electorate link, Dunedin North, and Шаблон:NZ electorate link electorates.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Due to World War II, the 1941 census was postponed. The next census was brought forward to 1945 so that the significant changes in population since the 1936 census could be taken into consideration in a 1946 electoral redistribution prior to the scheduled 1946 general election. At the same time, the Labour government abolished the country quota. The electoral redistribution changed all 76 electorates.Шаблон:Sfn When the draft electoral redistribution was released for consultation in early April 1946, it was proposed for the Dunedin North electorate to be abolished and most of its area was supposed to go to a re-created Шаблон:NZ electorate link electorate.[1] Based on consultation feedback, the Port Chalmers Borough became part of the Шаблон:NZ electorate link electorate. With such a geographic change, the proposed name of Chalmers electorate was no longer viable and the name changed to North Dunedin electorate instead.[2] Apart from the Port Chalmers Borough going to Oamaru, there was little change in geographic area covered when Dunedin North became North Dunedin.Шаблон:Sfn In the 1952 electoral redistribution, the Oamaru electorate expanded further inland and its southern boundary moved north, resulting in the area north of Dunedin Harbour all going to North Dunedin.Шаблон:Sfn In the 1957 electoral redistribution, North Dunedin became more rural in nature by expanding towards the north (the Oamaru electorate was split between North Dunedin, Otago Central and Waitaki at this point).Шаблон:Sfn
The North Dunedin electorate was renamed Dunedin North in the 1962 electoral redistribution prior to the Шаблон:NZ election link. The character of the electorate changed significantly and it became urban again.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn In the 1967 electoral redistribution, the North Dunedin electorate moved south, losing the Port Chalmers Borough once more to the re-established Oamaru electorate but gaining area from Dunedin Central.Шаблон:Sfn In the 1972 electoral redistribution, Port Chalmers came back to the Dunedin North electorate.Шаблон:Sfn There were only minor boundary changes in the 1977 electoral redistribution,Шаблон:Sfn but a significant urban shift to the south occurred through the 1983 electoral redistribution, when the Dunedin Central electorate was subsumed by Dunedin North and Dunedin West.Шаблон:Sfn There were further boundary changes through the 1987 electoral redistribution.Шаблон:Sfn
The 2013 redistribution saw the electorate expand to include Palmerston, Macraes Flat, Moeraki, Hampden and Herbert-Waianakarua.[3] In its final shape from 2014 to 2020, the Dunedin North electorate covered the northern half of the city of Dunedin. It was bordered by Waitaki in the north, Dunedin South in west, south, and south-east, and the Pacific Ocean in the north-east.
The electorate covered what is the equivalent of the Waikouaiti Coast-Chalmers ward of the Dunedin City Council outside the actual urban area of Dunedin. This included the population centre of Waikouaiti, Karitane, Waitati, Seacliff, Warrington, Port Chalmers, Sawyers Bay, Roseneath, and Aramoana.
In urban Dunedin it covered most of northern, central and western Dunedin. This included the city centre and the suburbs of City Rise, Pine Hill, Dunedin North, North East Valley, Opoho, Ravensbourne, Mornington, Roslyn, Maori Hill, Leith Valley, Kaikorai Valley, Brockville, Halfway Bush, and Wakari.
Socio-economic make-up
A notable influence on voting patterns in the electorate was the location of the University of Otago and Otago Polytechnic in Dunedin North. The electorate has the highest proportion of persons aged 15 to 19 in the country, with 14.1%. It also has the highest proportion of people on a student allowance (8.8%), employed in the education and training industry (11.7%), and employed in the health care and social assistance industry (12.3%).[4]
The Dunedin North electorate has a low rate of enrolment compared to New Zealand as a whole. As of 31 May 2012, 78.4% of the estimate eligible population was enrolled to vote, compared to 92.8% nationally. The figure was brought down by the low number of people aged 18 to 24 enrolled — less than half (47.5%) of the estimated eligible population was enrolled, compared to 75.2% nationally. Enrolments of those aged 25 and over are comparable to the national averages.[5]
History
The first representative was Alfred Richard Barclay, who had previously represented the City of Dunedin electorate.Шаблон:Sfn In the Шаблон:NZ election link, he was defeated by G. M. Thomson, who served for two parliamentary terms before being defeated.Шаблон:Sfn
Barclay was succeeded by Andrew Walker representing the United Labour Party in the Шаблон:NZ election link. The remnants of United Labour formed the New Zealand Labour Party in 1916 and Walker became the new party's first President. He served for one parliamentary term until the Шаблон:NZ election link, when he was defeated by the Independent Edward Kellett. Kellett died during the parliamentary term on 15 May 1922,Шаблон:Sfn and this caused the Шаблон:By-election link, which was won by Jim Munro.Шаблон:Sfn
Munro was confirmed at the 1922 general election,Шаблон:Sfn but was defeated by Harold Tapley in the Шаблон:NZ election link.Шаблон:Sfn Munro in turn defeated Tapley at the Шаблон:NZ election link and then served the electorate until his death on 27 May 1945.Шаблон:Sfn
Munro's death caused the Шаблон:By-election link, which was won by Robert Walls.Шаблон:Sfn Walls served the electorate until his death on 6 November 1953. This caused the Шаблон:By-election link, which was won by Ethel McMillan, who served the electorate until her retirement in 1975.
McMillan was succeeded by Richard Walls of the National Party in the Шаблон:NZ election link, who held the electorate for one parliamentary term before being defeated by Labour's Stan Rodger in the Шаблон:NZ election link. Rodger retired in 1990 and was succeeded by Pete Hodgson. Hodgson served the electorate until his retirement in 2011.[6] Hodgson was succeeded by David Clark in the Шаблон:NZ election link, when he beat Michael Woodhouse. In the Шаблон:NZ election link, Clark was again successful against Woodhouse and managed to increase his majority.[7]
In the 2019/2020 electoral boundary review, the Electoral Commission added the Otago Peninsula area to the Dunedin North electorate. The electorate's area had to grow as it 5.8% below its population quota, where the maximum allowable quota is capped to 5%. This change in area required the name of the electorate to be changed to Шаблон:NZ electorate link.[8][9]
Members of Parliament
Key
Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link Шаблон:Party index link
List MPs
Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Dunedin North electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.
| Election | Winner | |
|---|---|---|
| Шаблон:NZ election link | rowspan=3 width=5 bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Katherine Rich |
| Шаблон:NZ election link | ||
| Шаблон:NZ election link | ||
| Шаблон:NZ election link | bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Metiria Turei |
| bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Michael Woodhouse | |
| 2010 | bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Hilary CalvertШаблон:Efn |
| Шаблон:NZ election link | bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Metiria Turei |
| bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Michael Woodhouse | |
| Шаблон:NZ election link | bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Metiria Turei |
| bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Michael Woodhouse | |
| Шаблон:NZ election link | bgcolor=Шаблон:Party color| | Michael Woodhouse |
Election results
2017 election
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2014 election
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2011 election
Шаблон:MMP election box begin Шаблон:MMP election box candidate win Шаблон:MMP election box candidate list Шаблон:MMP election box candidate list Шаблон:MMP election box candidate Шаблон:MMP election box candidate Шаблон:MMP election box candidate Шаблон:MMP election box candidate Шаблон:MMP election box candidate Шаблон:MMP election box party only Шаблон:MMP election box party only Шаблон:MMP election box party only Шаблон:MMP election box party only Шаблон:MMP election box party only Шаблон:MMP election box informal vote Шаблон:MMP election box total vote Шаблон:MMP election box majority hold Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 40,356[10]
2008 election
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2005 election
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2002 election
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1999 election
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1996 election
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1993 election
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Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1990 election
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1987 election
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1984 election
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1981 election
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1978 election
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1975 election
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1972 election
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1969 election
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1966 election
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1963 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1960 election
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1957 election
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1954 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1953 by-election
Шаблон:North Dunedin by-election, 1953
1951 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1949 election
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1946 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1945 by-election
Шаблон:Dunedin North by-election, 1945
1943 election
Шаблон:Election box begin Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box informal Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box turnout
Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1935 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box informal Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1931 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box informal Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1928 election
Шаблон:Election box winning candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box informal
Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
1922 by-election
Шаблон:1922 Dunedin North by-election
1914 election
Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box candidate with party link Шаблон:Election box majority Шаблон:Election box informal Шаблон:Election box turnout Шаблон:Election box Registered electors
Table footnotes
Notes
References
External links
- Dunedin North electorate profile (Parliamentary Library)
Шаблон:Historical electorates of New Zealand
- Английская Википедия
- Страницы с неработающими файловыми ссылками
- Historical electorates of New Zealand
- Politics of Dunedin
- 1905 establishments in New Zealand
- 1946 disestablishments in New Zealand
- 2020 establishments in New Zealand
- Страницы, где используется шаблон "Навигационная таблица/Телепорт"
- Страницы с телепортом
- Википедия
- Статья из Википедии
- Статья из Английской Википедии
