Английская Википедия:East Frisian Low Saxon
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Distinguish Шаблон:Infobox language
East Frisian Low Saxon, East Frisian Low German, East Frisian Saxon, Frisio-Saxon or simply called East Frisian is a Northern Low Saxon dialect spoken in the East Frisian peninsula of northwestern Lower Saxony.
It is used quite frequently in everyday speech there.Шаблон:Citation needed About half of the East Frisian population in the coastal region uses the language.Шаблон:Citation needed A number of individuals, despite not being active speakers of East Frisian Low Saxon, are able to understand it to some extent. However, both active and passive language skills are in a state of decrease.
East Frisian Low Saxon is not to be confused with the East Frisian language; the latter, spoken by about 2,000 individuals in the Saterland region, is a Frisian language, not Low German.
There are several dialects in East Frisian Low Saxon. There are two main groups of dialects. The dialects in the east, called Harlinger Platt, are strongly influenced by Northern Low Saxon of Oldenburg. The western dialects are closer to the Low Saxon Language spoken in the Dutch province of Groningen, Gronings.[1]
East Frisian Low Saxon differs from other Northern Low Saxon dialects in several aspects, which are often linked to Frisian heritage. The language originally spoken in East Frisia and Groningen was Frisian, so the current Low German dialects of East Frisia, as part of the dialects, build on a Frisian substrate which has led to a large amount of unique lexical, syntactic, and phonological items which differ from other Low Saxon variants. Some Old Frisian vocabulary is still in active speech today.Шаблон:Citation needed
East Frisian features frequent use of diminutives, as in the Dutch language, e.g. Шаблон:Lang ‘lump of rock sugar’. In many cases, diminutives of names, especially female ones, have become names of their own. For example: Antje (from Anna), Triintje (from Trina = Katharina) etc.
The dialects spoken in East Frisia are closely related to those spoken in the Dutch province of Groningen (Grunnegs, Grünnigs) and in Northern Drenthe (Noordenvelds). The biggest difference seems to be that of loanwords (from Dutch or German, resp.).Шаблон:Citation needed
| East Frisian Low Saxon | Gronings | West Frisian | Northern Low Saxon | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| höör/hör Шаблон:IPA | heur Шаблон:IPA | har | ehr Шаблон:IPA | her |
| mooj/mooi Шаблон:IPA | mooi Шаблон:IPA | moai | scheun Шаблон:IPA | beautiful, nice, fine |
| was Шаблон:IPA | was Шаблон:IPA | wie | wer Шаблон:IPA | was |
| geböören/geböhren (imp.) Шаблон:IPA | gebeurn Шаблон:IPA | barre | passeern Шаблон:IPA | to happen |
| prooten/proten Шаблон:IPA | proaten Шаблон:IPA | prate | snakken Шаблон:IPA | to talk |
The standard greeting is Moin (moi in Gronings), used 24 hours a day.Шаблон:Citation needed
Phonology
Consonants
Orthography
East Frisian Low Saxon has two orthographies which are well known. One is developed by the Ostfriesische Landschaft, which is based off the orthography by Johannes Sass.[3] The Ostfriesische Landschaft uses this spelling for all of their projects, and to promote the dialect. It is considered to also be a cross di-dialect compromise writing, to provide materials in Low German for outside of the East Frisian Low Saxon dialect speaking area, and is recognized by the government of Lower Saxony.
However, a newer, more phonetic orthography was developed in 1975 by Holger Weigelt, since he expressed concerns that the grammatical structures and character of East Frisian Low Saxon would not be presented well under the Sass-based spelling. This orthography is used fully by the Jungfräiske Mäinskup, which promotes the dialect and provides learning materials in this spelling. The Incubator Wikipedia for East Frisian Low Saxon along with the examples of the dialect in this page are also in this spelling.
External links
- Plattdüütskbüro at the Ostfriesische Landschaft
- Ostfreeske Taal
- Diesel - dat oostfreeske Bladdje, the trilingual East Frisian newspaper
- Jungrfräiske Mäinskup - organization for protecting East Frisian Low Saxon
- Project for an alternative Orthography
- Dictionary and Grammar
Notes
Шаблон:Languages of the Benelux Шаблон:Germanic languages Шаблон:Frisian languages Шаблон:Authority control
