Английская Википедия:Eberhard von Boremski

Eberhard von Boremski (24 September 1914 – 16 December 1963) was a fighter pilot in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II. A flying ace, he was credited with 104 aerial victories—that is, 104 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft—claimed in roughly 630 combat missions. Boremski was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. He was killed in an accident in Hamburg on 16 December 1963.

Early life and career

Boremski was born 24 September 1914 in Conow, present-day part of Malliß, near Ludwigslust in the German Empire.Шаблон:Sfn He joined the Luftwaffe in 1939 and served initially in 5. Staffel (5th squadron) of Trägergruppe 186,Шаблон:Sfn which became II. Gruppe (2nd group) of Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing).^{[Note 1]} On 1 March 1940, holding the rank of Unteroffizier (corporal), he was transferred to the newly created 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing), a squadron of III. Gruppe.Шаблон:Sfn On 1 March 1940, III. Gruppe of JG 3 was formed at Jena under the command of Hauptmann Walter Kienitz. 7. Staffel was headed by Oberleutnant Erwin Neuerburg, also a former member of JG 77. The Gruppe was initially equipped with the Messerschmitt Bf 109 E-1 and E-3 variant.Шаблон:Sfn

World War II

World War II in Europe had begun on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. On 28 March 1940, III. Gruppe of JG 3 was considered operationally ready and transferred to Detmold Airfield where it was tasked with defending Germany's western border during the "Phoney War".Шаблон:Sfn On 10 April, the Gruppe relocated to Hopsten Airfield.Шаблон:Sfn In preparation for the Battle of France, III. Gruppe was subordinated to Luftflotte 2, supporting Army Group Bs attack into the Netherlands.Шаблон:Sfn Boremski claimed his first aerial victory on 29 May during the Battle of Dunkirk when he shot down a Royal Air Force (RAF) Supermarine Spitfire fighter on an early evening mission to the combat area. On 5 June, German forced launched Fall Rot (Case Red), the second phase of the conquest of France. Two days later, III. Gruppe fought in the vicinity of Beauvais where Boremski claimed a French Bréguet 693 ground-attack aircraft shot down.Шаблон:Sfn Following the Armistice of 22 June 1940, III. Gruppe was ordered to Dieppe on 29 June where the unit was tasked with patrolling the French coast at the English Channel.Шаблон:Sfn

On 30 June, III. Gruppe flew two fighter intercept missions against RAF forces attacking various targets near Lille. Defending against these attacks, Boremski, flying with 7. Staffel, claimed a Hawker Hurricane fighter shot down which was not confirmed.Шаблон:Sfn On 1 September, during the Battle of Britain, command of III. Gruppe was transferred to Hauptmann Wilhelm Balthasar when the former commander Kienitz had fallen ill.Шаблон:Sfn Boremski shot down the Bristol Blenheim bomber T1794 of No. 139 Squadron RAF on 24 September 1940. The Blenheim was on a mission against E-boats and fell into the English Channel. Squadron Leader M. F. Hendry, Sergeant P. M. Davidson and Sergeant V. Arrowsmith were killed in action.Шаблон:Sfn On 15 February 1941, III. Gruppe was ordered to Gütersloh Airfield in Germany for a period of rest and replenishment.Шаблон:Sfn At Gütersloh, the Gruppe received a full complement of the then new Bf 109 F-2 variant. On 3 May, III. Gruppe moved back to the English Channel front where it was based at Lillers.Шаблон:Sfn There, Boremski claimed his last aerial victory over the RAF on 25 May 1941.Шаблон:Sfn On 9 June, III. Gruppe was withdrawn from the west and ordered to transfer to Breslau-Gandau, now known as 'Wrocław Airport' in Poland.Шаблон:Sfn

War against the Soviet Union

On 18 June, III. Gruppe relocated to Moderówka in south-eastern Poland. On 22 June, German forces launched Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. At the start of the campaign, JG 3 was subordinated to the V. Fliegerkorps (5th Air Corps), under command of General der Flieger Robert Ritter von Greim, which was part of Luftflotte 4 (4th Air Fleet), under command of Generaloberst Alexander Löhr. These air elements supported Generalfeldmarschall Gerd von Rundstedt's Heeresgruppe Süd (Army Group South), with the objective of capturing the Ukraine and its capital Kiev.Шаблон:Sfn Boremski, who was now assigned to 9. Staffel under command of Oberleutnant Viktor Bauer, claimed his first aerial victories on the Eastern Front on 25 June. Operating from Moderówka, he had filed claim for two Potez 63 bombers which were misidentified Petlyakov Pe-2 bombers.Шаблон:Sfn On 26 June, III. Gruppe relocated to Hostynne.Шаблон:Sfn

Файл:Bf 109 F4 9 JG3 5582.JPG

Boremski sitting on his Bf 109, May 1942.Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn

On 6 November, III. Gruppe was withdrawn from the Eastern Front and sent to Mannheim-Sandhofen Airfield for a period of rest and replenishment. The first elements of the Gruppe arrived by train in Mannheim on 8 December, the transfer was completed a week later. There, the personnel was sent on home leave.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe received a full complement of 41 Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4 aircraft and on 6 January 1942 was ordered to relocated to Sicily. On 13 January, 7. Staffel and elements of 8. and 9. Staffel boarded a train to Bari in southern Italy while the rest of III. Gruppe headed for Sciacca, Sicily. The relocation progressed until 26 January when new orders were received, ordering the Gruppe to return to Germany.Шаблон:Sfn At Jesau near Königsberg, present-day Kaliningrad in Russia, III. Gruppe began preparations for redeployment to the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn

Boremski was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang) on 3 May 1942 for achieving 43 victories.Шаблон:Sfn After serving as an instructor in mid 1942, he returned to JG 3. In February 1943 he was made Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 7. Staffel of JG 3, serving in this role until 30 May 1943, when he was wounded.Шаблон:Sfn His Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 14808—factory number) had suffered engine failure resulting in a forced landing Шаблон:Convert southeast of Kamianske.Шаблон:Sfn He was succeeded by Hauptmann Karl-Heinz Langer as commander of 7. Staffel.Шаблон:Sfn

In early 1944 he was made commanding officer of Deutsch-Königlich Rumänischen Jagdverband (German Royal Romanian Fighter Unit) of Luftflotte 4, in collaboration with the Royal Romanian Air Force.Шаблон:Sfn On 24 February 1944, Oberleutnant Herbert Kutscha, the commander of 12. Staffel of JG 3 was wounded in combat. In consequence, Boremski took command of the Staffel the following day.Шаблон:Sfn On 11 April, Boremski flying Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 162585) was wounded following a mid-air collision west of Anklam with Gefreiter Horst Witzler from 10. Staffel. Although both pilots bailed out, command of 12. Staffel was transferred to Leutnant Hans Rachner.Шаблон:Sfn

From September 1944 to November 1944 Boremski led 1. Staffel of Jagdgruppe Ost and then 9. Staffel of Ergänzungs-Jagdgeschwader 1 (EJG 1—1st Supplementary Fighter Wing). In January 1945, Boremski was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 97th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.Шаблон:Sfn

Later life

After the German surrender, Boremski was handed over by U.S. troops in Czechoslovakia to the Soviet armed forces, and he remained a Prisoner of War until 1955. He died in an accident in Hamburg on 16 December 1963.Шаблон:Sfn

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Boremski was credited with 104 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Obermaier also lists Boremski with 104 aerial victories claimed on 630 combat missions. This figure includes 100 claims on the Eastern Front, and four on the Western Front.Шаблон:Sfn Author Spick lists him with 90 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and state that he claimed at least 88 aerial victories, plus two unconfirmed claims. Four of his aerial victories were claimed on the Western Front, the others on the Eastern Front. The authors indicate that he probably claimed further aerial victories with EJG 1 which cannot be verified through the archives.Шаблон:Sfn

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 4932". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn

Chronicle of aerial victories
Шаблон:Legend Шаблон:Legend
Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location	Claim	Date	Time	Type	Location
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 –Шаблон:Sfn Battle of France — 10 May – 25 June 1940
1	29 May 1940	18:45	Spitfire	Dunkirk Шаблон:Sfn	2	7 June 1940	12:05	Bréguet 693	Poix/AurainesШаблон:Sfn
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 –Шаблон:Refn At the Channel and over England — June 1940
Шаблон:Center	30 June 1940	Шаблон:Center	Hurricane Шаблон:Sfn
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 –Шаблон:Sfn At the Channel and over England — September 1940 – 9 June 1941
3	24 September 1940	14:05	Blenheim Шаблон:Sfn		4	25 May 1941	07:55?Шаблон:Refn	Hurricane	west of Calais Шаблон:Sfn -
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 –Шаблон:Sfn Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 6 November 1941
5	25 June 1941	07:40	Potez 63 Шаблон:Sfn		16	12 July 1941	10:28	DB-3 Шаблон:Sfn
6	25 June 1941	07:45	Potez 63Шаблон:Sfn		17	13 July 1941	11:12	DB-3Шаблон:Sfn
7	29 June 1941	17:40	PZL.37 Шаблон:Sfn		18	13 July 1941	11:13	DB-3Шаблон:Sfn
8	30 June 1941	12:10	TsKB-19?Шаблон:Refn	Шаблон:Convert east of Ostroh Шаблон:Sfn	19	14 July 1941	07:05	I-16 Шаблон:Sfn
9	30 June 1941	12:15	TsKB-19?^{[Note 2]}	Шаблон:Convert east of OstrohШаблон:Sfn	20	2 August 1941	17:25	TsKB-19?^{[Note 2]}Шаблон:Sfn
10	1 July 1941	14:20	V-11 (Il-2)	east of Rivne Шаблон:Sfn	21	11 August 1941	12:04	SB-3 Шаблон:Sfn
11	10 July 1941	17:00	I-15 Шаблон:Sfn		22	11 August 1941	12:05	SB-3Шаблон:Sfn
12	10 July 1941	17:05	V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn		23	11 August 1941	12:06	SB-3Шаблон:Sfn
13	11 July 1941	15:50	I-16	Шаблон:Convert southeast of Makariv Шаблон:Sfn	24	20 August 1941	16:42	DB-3Шаблон:Sfn
14	11 July 1941	15:52	I-16	Шаблон:Convert southeast of MakarivШаблон:Sfn	25?Шаблон:Refn	18 September 1941	14:40	R-5
15	12 July 1941	10:25	DB-3Шаблон:Sfn
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 10 February – 14 April 1942
26	15 February 1942	10:55	R-5Шаблон:Sfn		35	17 March 1942	10:30	I-301 (LaGG-3)Шаблон:Sfn
27	18 February 1942	14:50	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		36	17 March 1942	14:05	I-301 (LaGG-3)Шаблон:Sfn
28	19 February 1942	10:00	Pe-2 Шаблон:Sfn		37	20 March 1942	11:55?Шаблон:Refn	I-301 (LaGG-3)Шаблон:Sfn
29	3 March 1942	10:20	U-2 Шаблон:Sfn		38?^{[Note 3]}	22 March 1942	11:55	Il-2
30	7 March 1942	09:50	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		39	22 March 1942	13:15	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn
31	7 March 1942	15:10	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		40	28 March 1942	12:10	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn
32	13 March 1942	11:35	R-10 (Seversky)Шаблон:Sfn		41	28 March 1942	16:25	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn
33	15 March 1942	16:15	I-301 (LaGG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		42	1 April 1942	10:30	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn
34	16 March 1942	10:00	I-301 (LaGG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		43	1 April 1942	15:12	Il-2	Шаблон:Convert southeast of Staraya Russa Шаблон:Sfn
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 19 May – July 1942
44	19 May 1942	10:03	DB-3Шаблон:Sfn		59	30 June 1942	06:52	Il-2	south of KshenШаблон:Sfn
45	20 May 1942	04:55	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		60	30 June 1942	06:53	Il-2	east of KshenШаблон:Sfn
46	20 May 1942	09:30	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		61	1 July 1942	19:11	Il-2	north of KshenШаблон:Sfn
47	20 May 1942	11:55	Il-2	Шаблон:Convert northeast of Kharkov Шаблон:Sfn	62	9 July 1942	11:15	Il-2	Voronezh Шаблон:Sfn
48	21 May 1942	17:25	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		63	9 July 1942	11:16	Il-2	VoronezhШаблон:Sfn
Шаблон:Center	21 May 1942	Шаблон:Center	I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn		64	10 July 1942	04:00	MiG-1	VoronezhШаблон:Sfn
49	22 May 1942	09:40	I-61 (MiG-3)	Шаблон:Convert east of Staryy SaltovШаблон:Sfn	65	10 July 1942	04:10	MiG-1	VoronezhШаблон:Sfn
50	22 May 1942	17:00	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn		66	14 July 1942	07:55	MiG-1	Millerovo Шаблон:Sfn
51	23 May 1942	05:25	Il-2	Шаблон:Convert east of TernowajaШаблон:Sfn	67	16 July 1942	18:16	P-40	TischkinaШаблон:Sfn
52	26 May 1942	18:55	Il-2	Шаблон:Convert east of Balakliia Шаблон:Sfn	68	16 July 1942	18:35	P-40	IgnatowШаблон:Sfn
53	27 May 1942	15:50	Pe-2	Шаблон:Convert southeast of BalakliiaШаблон:Sfn	69	22 July 1942	05:55	LaGG-3	KorskajaШаблон:Sfn
54	27 May 1942	16:00	MiG-1	Шаблон:Convert southeast of Savyntsi Шаблон:Sfn	70	22 July 1942	05:58	LaGG-3	KorskajaШаблон:Sfn
55	27 May 1942	16:02	MiG-1	Шаблон:Convert southeast of SavyntsiШаблон:Sfn	71	24 July 1942	10:50	Il-2	southeast of PopowШаблон:Sfn
56	10 June 1942	12:50	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn		72	24 July 1942	10:52	Il-2	southeast of PopowШаблон:Sfn
57	14 June 1942	14:15	LaGG-3Шаблон:Sfn		73	24 July 1942	10:54	Il-2	southeast of PopowШаблон:Sfn
58	30 June 1942	06:50	Il-2Шаблон:Sfn		74	25 July 1942	10:51	Hurricane	southeast of Kalach Шаблон:Sfn
– Stab II. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — December 1942 – 3 February 1943
75	2 December 1942	10:03	Il-2	PQ 4932Шаблон:Sfn south of Borodajewka	79	8 December 1942	10:15	P-40	PQ 3937Шаблон:Sfn
76	2 December 1942	10:10	MiG 3	PQ 4933Шаблон:Sfn south of Borodajewka	80	11 December 1942	13:50	LaGG-3	Шаблон:Convert north of Chir train stationШаблон:Sfn
77	8 December 1942	09:57	P-40	PQ 3959Шаблон:Sfn	81	12 December 1942	10:26	LaGG-3	PQ 2943Шаблон:Sfn
78	8 December 1942	10:03?Шаблон:Refn	P-40	PQ 3935Шаблон:Sfn
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 4 February – 31 May 1943
82	11 February 1943	12:30	Boston	Шаблон:Convert northeast of Artemivsk Шаблон:Sfn	86	22 April 1943	17:10	Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn Шаблон:Sfn
83	24 February 1943	14:50	LaGG-3	Шаблон:Convert west of KrischtepovkaШаблон:Sfn	87	22 April 1943	17:45	La-5 Шаблон:Sfn
84	5 April 1943	08:05	LaGG-3	Шаблон:Convert north of Izium Шаблон:Sfn	88	24 April 1943	09:05	R-5	south of PesskiШаблон:Sfn
85	22 April 1943	17:05	Il-2 m.H.^{[Note 4]}Шаблон:Sfn

Awards

Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st ClassШаблон:Sfn
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 3 May 1942 as Oberfeldwebel and pilot in the 7./Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet"Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Refn
German Cross in Gold on 12 July 1943 as Oberleutnant in the III./Jagdgeschwader 3Шаблон:Sfn

Notes

Шаблон:Reflist

References

Citations

Шаблон:Reflist

Bibliography

Шаблон:Refbegin

Шаблон:Refend

Шаблон:Top German World War II Aces Шаблон:Subject bar

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[Note 1]

[Note 2]

[Note 3]

[Note 4]

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