Английская Википедия:Edmund Roßmann
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Infobox military person Edmund "Paule" Roßmann (11 January 1918 – 4 April 2005) was a Nazi Germany Luftwaffe fighter ace during World War II. He was credited with 93 aerial victories achieved in 640 combat missions, among the numerous ground attack missions. A flying ace or fighter ace is a military aviator credited with shooting down five or more enemy aircraft during aerial combat.Шаблон:Sfn He is also noted as being an early mentor of Erich Hartmann, history's leading fighter ace.
Career
Unteroffizier "Paule" Roßmann was transferred to 7. Staffel (7th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) on 1 March 1940. At the time, 7. Staffel was commanded by Oberleutnant Herbert Ferner. The Staffel was subordinated to III. Gruppe (3rd group) of JG 52 headed by Major Wolf-Heinrich von Houwald.Шаблон:Sfn The Gruppe had been formed on 1 March 1940 at Strausberg and was equipped with the Messerschmitt Bf 109 E-1 and E-3. On 6 April, the Gruppe was moved to Mannheim-Sandhofen Airfield where it was placed under the control of the Stab (headquarter unit) of Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53–53rd Fighter Wing).Шаблон:Sfn On 1 July, III. Gruppe transferred from Jever Airfield to Werneuchen.Шаблон:Sfn According to Mathews and Foreman, Roßmann filed claim for an unconfirmed aerial victory over an unknown type of aircraft that day.Шаблон:Sfn This claim is not listed by Barbas nor by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Roßmann participated in the Battle of France and Battle of Britain. He was credited with six aerial victories in the western theatre.
In defense of Germany's southeastern borders, with its primary objective defending the oil fields and refineries at Ploiești, Romania, the Luftwaffenmission Rumänien (Luftwaffe Mission Romania) was created. On 15 October, the Stab and 9. Staffel of III. Gruppe of JG 52 were sent to Bucharest Pipera Airfield, followed by 7. And 8. Staffel in late November. There, the III. Gruppe of JG 52 temporarily became the I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 28 (JG 28—28th Fighter Wing). On 4 January 1941, the Gruppe again became the III. Gruppe of JG 52. On 25 May, III. Gruppe was sent to Greece where it was subordinated to Jagdgeschwader 77 (JG 77—77th Fighter Wing) and fought in the Battle of Crete.Шаблон:Sfn
War against the Soviet Union
Following its brief deployment in the Balkan Campaign, III. Gruppe was back in Bucharest by mid-June.Шаблон:Sfn There, the unit was again subordinated to the Luftwaffenmission Rumänien and reequipped with the new, more powerful Bf 109 F-4 model. On 21 June, the Gruppe was ordered to Mizil in preparation of Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. Its primary objective was to provide fighter protection for the oil fields and refineries at Ploiești.Шаблон:Sfn Prior to the invasion, Major Gotthard Handrick was replaced by Major Albert Blumensaat as commander of III. Gruppe. Blumensaat was then replaced by Hauptmann Hubertus von Bonin on 1 October. At the time, von Bonin was still in convalescence so that Hauptmann Franz Höring, the commander of 9. Staffel, was also made the acting Gruppenkommandeur (group commander).Шаблон:Sfn The invasion of the Soviet Union began on 22 June. The next day, the Gruppe moved to Mamaia, the northern district of Constanța on the Black Sea coast.Шаблон:Sfn
Roßmann received the Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Шаблон:Lang) on 17 November.Шаблон:Sfn By the end of 1941 he had accumulated 32 aerial victories. On 19 March 1942, Roßmann and fellow JG 52 pilot Leutnant Adolf Dickfeld were awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Шаблон:Lang).Шаблон:Sfn From March to June 1942, he was posted to Ergänzungs-Jagdgruppe Ost (Supplementary Fighter Group, East) as fighter pilot instructor and returned to his Staffel afterwards. Nevertheless, he almost doubled his score by the end of 1942 and claimed his 80th victory on 29 November 1942. At the time, he was an early mentor of Erich Hartmann, history's leading fighter ace.Шаблон:Sfn
On 9 July 1943, Roßmann attempted to rescue Feldwebel Ernst Lohberg who had crash landed behind enemy lines, approximately Шаблон:Convert west of Oboyan. Roßmann successfully landed his Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 20154—factory number) next to Lohberg's aircraft. At this moment, the Soviet infantry arrived, while Lohberg was shot, Roßmann was taken prisoner of war.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Summary of career
Aerial victory claims
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Roßmann was credited with 93 aerial victories.Шаблон:Sfn Spick also lists Roßmann with 93 aerial victories claimed in approximately 640 combat missions. This figure includes 87 aerial victories on the Eastern Front, and further six victories over the Western Allies.Шаблон:Sfn Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 93 aerial victory claims, plus six further unconfirmed claims. All of his confirmed aerialvitories were claimed on the Eastern Front.Шаблон:Sfn
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 44457". The Luftwaffe grid map (Шаблон:Lang) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about Шаблон:Convert. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area Шаблон:Convert in size.Шаблон:Sfn
Chronicle of aerial victories | |||||||||
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Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Action at the Channel and over England — 26 June – 1 August 1940 | |||||||||
Шаблон:Center?Шаблон:Refn | 1 July 1940 | Шаблон:Center | unknownШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 24 July 1940 | Шаблон:Center | Spitfire | northeast of MargateШаблон:Sfn | |
Шаблон:Center | 21 July 1940 | Шаблон:Center | Swordfish | English ChannelШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center | 25 July 1940 | Шаблон:Center | Bréguet 690 | Шаблон:Convert east of MargateШаблон:Sfn |
Шаблон:Center?[Note 1] | 21 July 1940 | Шаблон:Center | unknown | Strait of DoverШаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Center?[Note 1] | 29 July 1940 | Шаблон:Center | Spitfire | DoverШаблон:Sfn |
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941 | |||||||||
1 | 25 June 1941 | 17:40 | DB-3 | southeast of ConstanțaШаблон:Sfn | 16 | 17 September 1941 | 10:30 | I-16 | BrovaryШаблон:Sfn |
2 | 8 July 1941 | 15:56?Шаблон:Refn | DB-3 | northeast of MamaiaШаблон:Sfn | 17 | 2 October 1941 | 08:25 | I-26 (Yak-1) | east of PoltavaШаблон:Sfn |
3 | 8 July 1941 | 16:00 | DB-3 | northeast of MamaiaШаблон:Sfn | 18 | 3 October 1941 | 17:10 | R-10 (Seversky) | north of KarjapШаблон:Sfn |
4 | 8 July 1941 | 16:03 | DB-3 | northeast of MamaiaШаблон:Sfn | 19 | 4 October 1941 | 12:10 | ground-attack aircraft (Seversky) | south of CovaciШаблон:Sfn |
5 | 4 August 1941 | 05:55 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 20 | 14 October 1941 | 16:30 | I-26 (Yak-1)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
6 | 4 August 1941 | 14:35 | I-18 (MiG-1)Шаблон:Sfn | 21 | 14 October 1941 | 16:50 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | ||
7 | 7 August 1941 | 06:15 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 22 | 17 October 1941 | 07:21 | I-26 (Yak-1)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
8 | 7 August 1941 | 06:40 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 23 | 24 October 1941 | 12:45 | I-15 | ChaplynkaШаблон:Sfn | |
9 | 11 August 1941 | 09:29 | I-18 (MiG-1)Шаблон:Sfn | 24 | 24 October 1941 | 12:50 | I-61 (MiG-3) | ChaplynkaШаблон:Sfn | |
10 | 26 August 1941 | 10:40 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 25 | 25 October 1941 | 11:45 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | ||
11 | 1 September 1941 | 11:16 | I-17 (MiG-1)Шаблон:Sfn | 26 | 31 October 1941 | 15:32 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
12 | 7 September 1941 | 09:25 | I-16 | StschastliwajaШаблон:Sfn | 27 | 9 November 1941 | 11:21 | V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn | |
13 | 7 September 1941 | 09:30 | I-17 (MiG-1)Шаблон:Sfn | 28 | 16 November 1941 | 13:31 | I-26 (Yak-1)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
14 | 7 September 1941 | 11:41 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 29 | 28 November 1941 | 12:53 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
15 | 13 September 1941 | 12:45?Шаблон:Refn | I-17 (MiG-1) | Шаблон:Convert northwest of DnepropetrovskШаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northeast of Dnepropetrovsk |
30 | 2 December 1941 | 08:10 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | |
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 28 April 1942 | |||||||||
31 | 8 December 1941 | 09:12 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 39 | 17 February 1942 | 08:02 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
32 | 11 December 1941 | 10:47 | V-11 (Il-2)Шаблон:Sfn | 40 | 17 February 1942 | 10:32 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | ||
33 | 4 January 1942 | 13:03 | LaGG-3Шаблон:Sfn | 41 | 17 February 1942 | 10:36 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | ||
34 | 5 January 1942 | 12:00 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 42 | 18 February 1942 | 16:09 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | Шаблон:Convert northeast of Belgorod | |
35 | 7 January 1942 | 09:30 | DB-3 | Шаблон:Convert west of KarankutШаблон:Sfn | 43 | 22 February 1942 | 15:36 | I-61 (MiG-3)Шаблон:Sfn | |
36 | 15 January 1942 | 10:25 | DB-3 | Шаблон:Convert west of KarankutШаблон:Sfn | 44 | 16 March 1942 | 10:31 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | |
37 | 15 January 1942 | 14:50 | DB-3Шаблон:Sfn | 45 | 16 March 1942 | 11:47 | Il-2Шаблон:Sfn | ||
38 | 17 February 1942 | 07:59 | Su-2 (Seversky)Шаблон:Sfn | ||||||
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 29 April 1942 – 3 February 1943 | |||||||||
46 | 13 June 1942 | 16:15 | LaGG-3Шаблон:Sfn | 65 | 6 September 1942 | 14:47 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44457Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Mozdok | |
47 | 23 June 1942 | 16:35 | MiG-1Шаблон:Sfn | 66 | 6 September 1942 | 16:50 | I-16 | PQ 4444Шаблон:Sfn | |
48 | 23 June 1942 | 16:37 | Hurricane | PQ 70332Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Shevchenkovo |
67 | 7 September 1942 | 12:05 | I-16 | PQ 44474Шаблон:Sfn |
49 | 21 July 1942 | 15:20 | I-16 | PQ 98821Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Rostov |
68 | 8 September 1942 | 13:50?Шаблон:Refn | LaGG-3 | PQ 44472Шаблон:Sfn south of Mozdok |
50 | 23 July 1942 | 07:15 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 69 | 8 September 1942 | 13:51 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44443, north of GeorgjewskШаблон:Sfn | |
51 | 24 July 1942 | 06:28 | I-16Шаблон:Sfn | 70 | 13 September 1942 | 09:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44362Шаблон:Sfn | |
52 | 24 July 1942 | 09:50 | LaGG-3Шаблон:Sfn | 71 | 19 September 1942 | 16:38 | LaGG-3 | PQ 54351Шаблон:Sfn | |
53 | 23 August 1942 | 05:35 | I-16 | PQ 44251Шаблон:Sfn | 72 | 29 September 1942 | 10:40 | I-16 | PQ 44533, south of Nizhniy KurpШаблон:Sfn |
54 | 23 August 1942 | 05:37 | I-153?Шаблон:Refn | PQ 44213Шаблон:Sfn | 73 | 9 October 1942 | 09:07 | I-16 | PQ 44484Шаблон:Sfn |
55 | 23 August 1942 | 16:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44281Шаблон:Sfn | 74 | 9 October 1942 | 13:25 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44623Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Malgobek |
56 | 24 August 1942 | 11:45 | Il-2?Шаблон:Refn | PQ 44374Шаблон:Sfn | 75 | 15 October 1942 | 09:30 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44453Шаблон:Sfn south of Mozdok |
57 | 26 August 1942 | 17:23 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44471Шаблон:Sfn south of Mozdok |
76 | 29 October 1942 | 10:15 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44551Шаблон:Sfn southwest of Daiskoje |
58 | 28 August 1942 | 14:16 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44454Шаблон:Sfn south of Mozdok |
77 | 29 October 1942 | 13:35 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34694Шаблон:Sfn |
59 | 30 August 1942 | 09:57 | I-16 | PQ 54213Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Volkenskoje |
78 | 6 November 1942 | 08:15 | I-16 | PQ 44857Шаблон:Sfn |
60 | 30 August 1942 | 09:59 | LaGG-3 | PQ 54373Шаблон:Sfn | 79 | 6 November 1942 | 11:34 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44764Шаблон:Sfn |
61 | 30 August 1942 | 10:01 | LaGG-3 | PQ 54342Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Beketowka |
80 | 29 November 1942 | 05:47 | R-5 | PQ 44793Шаблон:Sfn |
62 | 30 August 1942 | 11:23 | LaGG-3 | PQ 54371Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Kalinowskaja |
81 | 8 December 1942 | 09:54 | LaGG-3 | PQ 44567Шаблон:Sfn |
63 | 5 September 1942 | 11:00?Шаблон:Refn | LaGG-3 | PQ 54454Шаблон:Sfn vicinity of Wosnessnokaja |
82 | 8 December 1942 | 10:00 | Il-2 | PQ 44551Шаблон:Sfn west of Elkhotovo |
64 | 6 September 1942 | 07:35 | I-16 | PQ 44453Шаблон:Sfn south of Mozdok |
|||||
– 7. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –Шаблон:Sfn Eastern Front — 3 February – 9 July 1943 | |||||||||
83 | 28 March 1943 | 05:40 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 86571Шаблон:Sfn northwest of Sslaeanskaja |
89 | 5 July 1943 | 03:55 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 61442Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Belgorod |
84 | 30 April 1943 | 08:30 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 85173Шаблон:Sfn southwest of Krymsk |
90 | 5 July 1943 | 18:09 | LaGG-3 | PQ 35 Ost 61652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Vovchansk |
85 | 30 April 1943 | 08:32 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 85174Шаблон:Sfn east of Krymsk |
91 | 5 July 1943 | 18:12 | Il-2 | PQ 35 Ost 61652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Vovchansk |
86 | 6 May 1943 | 16:47 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 76693Шаблон:Sfn west of Slavyansk-na-Kubani |
92 | 6 July 1943 | 10:30 | Il-2 m.H.Шаблон:Refn | PQ 35 Ost 61652Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert northwest of Vovchansk |
87 | 31 May 1943 | 09:55 | LaGG-3 | PQ 34 Ost 75232, north of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn | 93 | 7 July 1943 | 04:58 | Il-2 m.H.[Note 2] | PQ 35 Ost 61634Шаблон:Sfn Шаблон:Convert north of Vovchansk |
88 | 31 May 1943 | 14:11 | Pe-2 | PQ 34 Ost 75232, north of KrymskayaШаблон:Sfn |
Awards
- Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 17 November 1941 as Unteroffizier and pilotШаблон:SfnШаблон:Refn
- German Cross in Gold on 22 January 1942 as Feldwebel in the III./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:Sfn
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 19 March 1942 as Feldwebel and pilot in the 7./Jagdgeschwader 52Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
Notes
References
Citations
Bibliography
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