Английская Википедия:Ekadashi
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Ekadashi (Шаблон:Lang-sa) is the eleventh lunar day (tithi) of the waxing (Shukla Pakṣa) and waning (Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa) lunar cycles in a Vedic calendar month.[1] Ekadashi is popularly observed within Vaishnavism and Shaivism, two major paths within Sanatan Dharma. Followers offer their worship to the gods Vishnu and Shiva by fasting or just symbolically; the idea was always to receive self-discipline and the benefits of fasting and it was connected to the way of life via Sanatam Dharma practices.[2][3]
Within Hinduism, the primary purpose of fasting on ekadashi is to gain control over the mind and bodily senses, and channel it towards spiritual progression. In addition, there are several health benefits linked to fasting.[4][5] High protein and carbohydrate-containing foods such as beans and grains are not consumed. Instead, only fruit, vegetables, and milk products are eaten. This period of abstinence starts from sunrise on the day of ekadashi to sunrise on the following day. Rice is not eaten on ekadashi.
The timing of each ekadashi is according to the position of the moon.[6] The Indian calendar marks progression from a full moon to a new moon as divided into fifteen equal arcs. Each arc measures one lunar day, called a tithi. The time it takes the moon to traverse a particular distance is the length of that lunar day. Ekadashi refers to the 11th tithi, or lunar day. The eleventh tithi corresponds to a precise phase of the waxing and waning moon. In the bright half of the lunar month, the moon will appear roughly 3/4 full on ekadashi, and in the dark half of the lunar month, the moon will be about 3/4 dark on ekadashi.
There are usually 24 ekadashis in a calendar year. Occasionally, there are two extra ekadashis that happen in a leap year. Each ekadashi day is purported to have particular benefits that are attained by the performance of specific activities.[7]
Bhagavata Purana (skandha IX, adhyaay 4) notes the observation of ekadashi by Ambarisha, a devotee of Vishnu.[8]
Legend
The story behind ekadashi began with Vishnu sleeping or in a meditative state. A demon, Murdanav, approached and attempted to attack Vishnu. At that time, a beautiful woman sprung forth from Vishnu's 11th sense (often called the "mind"). An infatuated Murdanav asked to marry her, to which she responded that she would agree only if he defeated her in battle. As they fought, Murdanav was eventually killed. Vishnu awoke from his sleep, and blessed the woman by naming her "Ekadashi", and stated that if anyone were to fast on this day, they would be given moksha (spiritual liberation).[4][9]
List of ekadashis
The table below describes the ekadashis and when they fall in the year.
| Vedic lunar month | Presiding deity | Krishna paksha ekadashi | Shukla paksha ekadashi | 2024 Dates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chaitra (चैत्र, March–April) | Rama/Vishnu | Papavimocani Ekadashi | Kamada Ekadashi | Papmochani/Papavimocani Ekadashi: April 4-5 Kamada Ekadashi: April 18-19[Note 1] (April 17-18 in some traditions)[10][11] |
| Vaisakha (वैशाख, April–May ) | Madhusudana (Vishnu) | Varuthini Ekadashi | Mohini Ekadashi | Varuthini Ekadashi: May 3-4 |
| Jyeshtha (ज्येष्ठ, May–June) | Trivikrama (Vishnu) | Apara Ekadashi | Nirjala Ekadashi | Vaishnava Apara & Apara Ekadashi: June 2-3 Nirjala Ekadashi: June 17-18[10][11] |
| Ashada (आषाढ, June–July) | Vamana | Yogini Ekadashi | Shayani Ekadashi | Yogini Ekadashi: : July 1-2 Devshayani (Shayani) Ekadashi: July 16-17 (July 15-16 in some traditions)[10][11] |
| Shravana (श्रावण, July–August) | Sridhara | Kamika Ekadashi | Shravana Putrada Ekadashi | Kamika Ekadashi: July 30-31[Note 1] Shravana Putrada Ekadashi: August 15-16[Note 1][10][11] |
| Bhadrapada (भाद्रपद, August–September) |
Hrishikesha[12] | Annada Ekadashi | Parsva Ekadashi | Aja (Annada) Ekadashi: August 29-30[Note 1] |
| Ashvina (अश्विन्, September–October) | Padmanabha | Indra Ekadashi[13] | Pasankusa Ekadashi | Indira (Indra) Ekadashi: September 27-28[Note 1] |
| Kartik (कार्तिक, October–November) | Damodara | Rama Ekadashi[14] | Prabodhini Ekadashi | Rama Ekadashi: October 27-28[Note 1] Devutthana Ekadashi: November 11-12[10][11] |
| Margashirsha(Agrahayana) (मार्गशीर्ष, November–December) |
Keshava | Utpanna Ekadashi | Mokshada Ekadashi/Vaikuntha Ekadashi | Utpanna Ekadashi: November 26-27[Note 1] Mokshada & Guruvayur(Vaikuntha) Ekadashi: December 11-12[10][11] |
| Pausha (पौष, December–January) | Narayana (Vishnu/Krishna) | Saphala Ekadashi | Pausha Putrada Ekadashi/Vaikuntha Ekadashi | Saphala Ekadashi: January 7-8 (January 11-12 in Eastern Traditions) Pausha Putrada Ekadashi: January 20-21[10][11] |
| Magha (माघ, January–February) | Madhava | Shattila Ekadashi | Bhaimi Ekadashi / Jaya Ekadashi | Shattila Ekadashi: February 5-6[Note 1] Bhaimi/Jaya Ekadashi: February 19-20[10][15][16][11] |
| Phalguna (फाल्गुन, February–March) | Govinda (Krishna) | Vijaya Ekadashi | Amalaki Ekadashi | Vaishnava Vijaya & Vijaya Ekadashi: March 6-7 (March 4-5 in some traditions)[Note 1] Amalaki Ekadashi: March 20-21[10][11] |
| Adhika month (अधिक, once in 2–3 years) |
Purushottama | Padmini Vishuddha Ekadashi | Parama Shuddha Ekadashi |
See also
Notes
References
- Gangadharan, N., Agni Purana, New Delhi: Motilala Banarsidass, 1985, Chapter 178.
- Iyer, N.P. Subramania, Kalaprakasika: The standard book on the election (mahoortha) system: with the original text in Devanagari and English translation, New Delhi: Asian Educational Services, 1982.
External links
- About Ekadashi Vrat: Ekadashi Vrat Vidhi-Niyam and Vrat Bhojan Шаблон:Webarchive
- List of all Ekadashi of this year 2022
Шаблон:Tithi Шаблон:HinduFestivals Шаблон:Authority control
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 10,00 10,01 10,02 10,03 10,04 10,05 10,06 10,07 10,08 10,09 10,10 10,11 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 11,00 11,01 11,02 11,03 11,04 11,05 11,06 11,07 11,08 11,09 11,10 11,11 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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