Английская Википедия:El Segundo, California

Материал из Онлайн справочника
Перейти к навигацииПерейти к поиску

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox settlement

El Segundo (Шаблон:IPAc-en Шаблон:Respell, Шаблон:IPA-es; Шаблон:Langnf)[1] is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Located on Santa Monica Bay, it was incorporated on January 18, 1917, and is part of the South Bay Cities Council of Governments. The population was 16,731 as of the 2020 census, a 0.5% increase from 16,654 in the 2010 census.

History

The El Segundo and Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva (or Gabrieleños) Native American tribes thousands of years ago. The area was once a part of Rancho Sausal Redondo ("Round Willow Patch Ranch"). Rancho Sausal Redondo extended from Playa Del Rey in the north to Redondo Beach in the south. Originally a Mexican land grant owned by Antonio Ygnacio Avila, the rancho was later purchased by a Scottish baronet named Sir Robert Burnett. After his return to Scotland, the property was purchased by then-manager of the rancho, Daniel Freeman. Daniel Freeman sold portions of the rancho to several persons. George H. Peck owned the Шаблон:Convert of land where the Chevron Refinery now sits. Peck also developed land in neighboring El Porto, where a street still bears his name. The city earned its name ("the second" in Spanish), as it was the site of the second Standard Oil refinery on the West Coast (the first was at Richmond in Northern California), when Standard Oil of California purchased the farm land in 1911.

The city was incorporated in 1917. The Standard Oil Company was renamed Chevron in 1984. The El Segundo refinery entered its second century of operation in 2011.[2]

The Douglas Aircraft Company plant in El Segundo was one of the major aircraft manufacturing facilities in California during World War II. It was one of the major producers of SBD Dauntless dive bombers, which achieved fame in the Battle of Midway. The facility, now operated by Northrop Grumman, is still an aircraft plant.[3][4]

Geography

The northern and southern boundaries of the town are Los Angeles International Airport and Manhattan Beach, with the Pacific Ocean as the western boundary. Its eastern boundary is roughly marked by Aviation Blvd.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Шаблон:Convert, over 99% of which is land.

Guinness World Records has listed El Segundo as having the most roads with a hill or grade.[6]

Demographics

Шаблон:US Census population

Файл:El Segundo, California aerial.jpg
Palisades del Rey, in foreground, and El Segundo in background

2010

The 2010 United States Census[7] reported that El Segundo had a population of 16,654. The population density was Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of El Segundo was 12,997 (78.0%) White (69.1% non-Hispanic White),[8] 337 (2.0%) African American, 68 (0.4%) Native American, 1,458 (8.8%) Asian, 38 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 799 (4.8%) from other races, and 957 (5.7%) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 2,609 persons (15.7%).

The Census reported that 16,578 people (99.5% of the population) lived in households, 66 (0.4%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 10 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

Of the 7,085 households, 2,183 (30.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 3,050 (43.0%) were married couples living together, 729 (10.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 326 (4.6%) had a male householder with no wife present; and 369 (5.2%) were unmarried opposite-sex partnerships. About 31.8% were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34. The city had 4,105 families (57.9% of all households); the average family size was 3.02.

22.3% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.7% was 18 to 24, 31.1% was 25 to 44, 29.8% was 45 to 64, and 10.1%o was 65 or older. The median age was 39.2. For every 100 females, there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

The 7,410 housing units had an average density of Шаблон:Convert, of which 3,034 (42.8%) were owner-occupied and 4,051 (57.2%) occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.1%. About 49.1% of the population lived in owner-occupied housing units and 50.4% in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, El Segundo had a median household income of $84,341, with 4.8% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[9]

2000

As of the 2000 Census, the population density was Шаблон:Convert. There were 7,261 housing units at an average density of Шаблон:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 83.61% White, 1.17% African American, 0.47% Native American, 6.41% Asian, 0.29% Pacific Islander, 3.51% from other races, and 4.55% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 11.01% of the population.

Of the 7,060 households, 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.6% were not families. Of all households, 34.3% were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 3.00.

22.7% of the population was under age 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 38.7% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% 65 or older. The median age was 36. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 96.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $61,341, and for a family was $74,007. Males had a median income of $52,486 versus $41,682 for females. The per capita income for the city was $33,996. About 3.1% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.7% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Файл:Chevron El Segundo refinery, 2007.jpg
Chevron's El Segundo refinery
Файл:Aerial Mattel Headquarters El Segundo May 2012.JPG
Headquarters of Mattel

The name was adopted in 1911 when Chevron built its second refinery, El Segundo, which is Spanish for "the Second".[10] This refinery has received crude oil from the Amazon region of South America - more than 5,000 barrels per day.[11] El Segundo is located next to the Hyperion sewage treatment plant[12] and the El Segundo power plant. The El Segundo power plant is operated by the American energy company NRG. NRG was to create a new combined cycle power island, providing power for 240,000 households. The new power plant, slated to go online in 2013, was to use two generators: a Siemens gas turbine[13] and an additional steam turbine. Prior to its dissolution, Unocal was headquartered in El Segundo.[14][15]

In 1928 William Mines, an immigrant from Canada, leased land for a flying field.[16] In 1930, Los Angeles Municipal Airport, later Los Angeles International Airport, opened north of El Segundo; its presence led to the concentration of aerospace and aviation-related firms in the El Segundo area.[10] Many large aerospace companies have facilities in El Segundo, including Boeing, Raytheon,[17] Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Wyle Laboratories, the Aerospace Corporation, and Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings. The last two are headquartered there. It is also home to the Los Angeles Air Force Base and the Space and Missile Systems Center, which is responsible for space-related acquisition for the military.

The current Boeing factory, the Boeing Satellite Development Center, was originally built by Nash Motors in 1946 and opened in 1948. In 1955, Hughes Aircraft Company purchased the Шаблон:Convert building; it was converted to build missiles and also served as a test facility.[18] At one time, MGM Grand Air had its headquarters in El Segundo.[19]

Toy manufacturer Mattel,[20] AT&T Entertainment Hub (formerly DirecTV[21]) direct technology marketing company PCM, Inc., and A-Mark Precious Metals are headquartered there, as well as sporting goods retailer Big 5 Sporting Goods and Stamps.com. Database company Teradata has a research and development facility in El Segundo, as well. The North American headquarters of the Japanese video game company Square Enix are also in the city.

From 1982 until 1996, the headquarters of the Los Angeles Raiders of the National Football League was located in El Segundo.[22] The Los Angeles Kings Hockey Club is also located in El Segundo. In 2024, the Los Angeles Chargers will move their headquarters to El Segundo from Costa Mesa.[23] The Los Angeles Lakers office headquarters and practice facility, the UCLA Health Training Center are also located in El Segundo. Their NBA G-League affiliate the South Bay Lakers plays their games there.

Film production companies are located in El Segundo, including Rhythm and Hues Studios and Lightstorm Entertainment.[24][25]

The Los Angeles Times moved its newsroom from downtown Los Angeles to a Шаблон:Convert campus in El Segundo in 2018.[26]

Top employers

According to the city's 2020–21 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[27] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Boeing 12,005
2 Raytheon Technologies 6,000
3 Northrop Grumman 2,422
4 The Aerospace Corporation 2,180
5 Mattel 1,545
6 Chevron 1,187
7 Internet Brands 661
8 Infineon Technologies 498
9 Karl Storz Endoscopy America Inc. 421
10 Big 5 Sporting Goods 290

Subsidiaries of companies

Nexon America, the North American branch of Korean online game publisher Nexon Co. Ltd. has its offices in El Segundo.

The North American branch of the Japanese video game publisher and developer Square Enix has its headquarters in El Segundo.[28]

Due to its proximity to Los Angeles International Airport, El Segundo became the host of several offices of airlines. In 1979, the United Airlines Reservation Center, a two-story, $4.5 million, Шаблон:Convert facility in the International Center, was scheduled to begin construction. Austin Co., a firm in Irvine, was to build the facility, which was scheduled for opening in May of that year.[29] Japan Airlines operates its United States headquarters, which was moved from New York City to El Segundo in around 2003.[30] at Suite 620 of 300 Continental Boulevard;[31] Cathay Pacific has an office in El Segundo.[32][33][34] The airline moved its North America headquarters to Greater Los Angeles in 1990,[35] and the headquarters were situated in El Segundo until 2005.[36][37]

Air China operates its North American headquarters in the Шаблон:Convert 2131 East Maple Avenue building, south of LAX, in El Segundo. Its current North American headquarters opened with a ribbon cutting ceremony and other festivities on Friday March 26, 2010. The call center reservations, marketing, and sales employees all moved into the building. The building includes a call center with space for 50 employees; when the building opened, half of the spaces had been filled.[38]

Air New Zealand operates its United States headquarters in El Segundo.[39][40][41] Other airlines with offices in El Segundo include Turkish Airlines, Thai Airways, Air Tahiti Nui,[42] Aeroméxico,[43] China Airlines[44] Emirates,[45] EVA Air,[46] and Singapore Airlines.[47]

Infineon Technologies acquired El Segundo-based company International Rectifier in 2015.

Parks and recreation

Файл:El a Segundo Main Street.jpg
Main Street in El Segundo

El Segundo has its own beach, as well as two public pools; both are outdoor pools, one of which is open only during the summer months.[27] The El Segundo Parks and Recreation staff are the basis for the hit NBC program Parks and Recreation.[48] El Segundo has two full-sized turf fields named Campus El Segundo Athletic Fields, which are open to the public.[49]

Athletics

In 2023, El Segundo Little League won the world championship of the Little League World Series, defeating the team from Willemstad, Curaçao in the championship. Louis Lappe hit a walk-off home run to win the game, 6-5. It was the first championship for a team from California since 2011.

Government

Local government

According to the city's most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, its various funds had $99.0 million in revenues, $91.0 million in expenditures, $206.5 million in total assets, $33.6 million in total liabilities, and $50.4 million in cash and investments.[27]

In the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors, El Segundo is in the Second District, represented by Holly Mitchell.[50]

State and federal representation

In the California State Legislature, El Segundo is in Шаблон:Representative, and in Шаблон:Representative.[51]

In the United States House of Representatives, El Segundo is in Шаблон:Representative.[52]

Education

Файл:El segundo hs1.jpg
El Segundo High School

The El Segundo Unified School District serves the residential district of El Segundo, west of Pacific Coast Highway. It operates El Segundo High School.

Eastern El Segundo is part of the tax base for the Wiseburn Unified School District, and formerly for the Centinela Valley Union High School District (CVUHSD). There are no residential areas in the eastern part of the city.[53] This portion of the city includes corporate operations providing significant tax revenue to the districts.[54]

Vistamar School is a private school in El Segundo.

Originally all of the city was located in the Wiseburn School District,[55] which opened in 1896.[56] When the Inglewood Union High School District, now known as the CVUHSD, opened in 1905, its territory included the Wiseburn district. In 1912 the El Segundo School District opened, taking territory from the Wiseburn School District. The territory of the El Segundo district continued to be in the Inglewood Union District. On November 22, 1925, the El Segundo High School District was formed and El Segundo withdrew from the Inglewood Union district.[55]

Media

Файл:Los Angeles Times building El Segundo California 2023-06.jpg
Los Angeles Times headquarters

The Los Angeles Times has been headquartered in El Segundo since 2018.[57] The local Charter Spectrum news and sports channels, Spectrum News 1, Spectrum SportsNet, and SportsNet LA are based out of El Segundo.

The El Segundo Herald is the community newspaper for El Segundo. It was established in 1911, six years before the city was incorporated. It had its centennial anniversary of service to the community in 2011.

A monthly arts and culture publication, The El Segundo Scene, began printing in May 2018. Created and run by two El Segundo residents, the magazine serves El Segundo and its neighbors in the South Bay.

Infrastructure

Transportation

State Route 1 passes through the city as Pacific Coast Highway, while Interstate 105 begins its journey at Sepulveda Boulevard (the continuation of State Route 1 north of El Segundo city limits) just outside the northern city limits of El Segundo and heads east to Norwalk.

Amtrak's El Segundo Bus Stop (ESG) is located at the Los Angeles Metro Rail's Douglas station and is serviced by Amtrak Thruway. The stop is on Amtrak's 1c bus route that runs four times a day between Amtrak's Torrance Bus Stop (Alpine Village) and the Bakersfield Amtrak station where passengers transfer to and from trains on San Joaquins services; passengers can also connect with Pacific Surfliner at the Van Nuys Amtrak station.

Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) is located immediately to the north of El Segundo. In 2014, an air quality study found harmful ultrafine particles from the takeoffs and landings at LAX to be of a much greater magnitude than previously thought.[58]

Notable people

In popular culture

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

External links

Шаблон:Commons category Шаблон:Wikivoyage

Шаблон:Geographic location Шаблон:El Segundo, California Шаблон:Cities of Los Angeles County, California Шаблон:Greater Los Angeles Area Шаблон:Portal bar Шаблон:Authority control

Партнерские ресурсы
Криптовалюты
Магазины
Хостинг
Разное

  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  2. ↑ Hunter, Eileen Curry. El Segundo Seventy-Five Years El Segundo: H2 Limited, 1991
  3. ↑ Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, pp. 202-3, Random House, New York, NY, 2012. Шаблон:ISBN.
  4. ↑ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, pp. 7-8, 25-34, Cypress, Calif., 2013. Шаблон:ISBN.
  5. ↑ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 28, Cypress, Calif., 2013. Шаблон:ISBN.
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 6,2 Шаблон:Cite news
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Greenberg, David."Aerospace woes take a toll, but LAX neighbor has bright spots." Los Angeles Business Journal. August 11, 2003. Retrieved on April 13, 2009.
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  12. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  13. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  14. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web Unocal Corporation. December 27, 1996. Retrieved on July 7, 2009.
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web. Unocal Corporation. January 29, 2005. Retrieved on July 7, 2009.
  16. ↑ Ripton, Ray. "El Segundo Will Celebrate 50th Year for a Week Шаблон:Webarchive." Los Angeles Times. May 14, 1967.
  17. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  18. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  19. ↑ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. March 23–29, 1994. 106.
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ "Contact IR or Transfer Agent." DirecTV. Retrieved on December 8, 2009.
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  27. ↑ 27,0 27,1 27,2 Шаблон:Cite web
  28. ↑ "Corporate Locations Шаблон:Webarchive." Square Enix Japan. Accessed September 20, 2008.
  29. ↑ "El Segundo to Be Airline Office Site Шаблон:Webarchive." Los Angeles Times. May 21, 1978. Section Part IX, K24. Retrieved on April 14, 2009.
  30. ↑ Lauro, Patricia Winters. "THE MEDIA BUSINESS: ADVERTISING -- ADDENDA; Japan Airlines Moves Its Account." The New York Times. March 5, 2003.
  31. ↑ "JAL Passenger Services America, Inc. Шаблон:Webarchive" Japan Airlines. Accessed September 20, 2008.
  32. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  33. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  34. ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
  35. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  36. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  37. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  38. ↑ "Air China Celebrates Opening Of New Los Angeles Office Building." (Archive) Air China. Retrieved on October 12, 2012.
  39. ↑ Garfinkel, Perry. "Airlines Add Service and Amenities to Asian Routes." The New York Times. September 29, 2008. Retrieved on December 14, 2011.
  40. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  41. ↑ "CRT/tanaka Wins Air New Zealand Account Шаблон:Webarchive." Air New Zealand. December 5, 2007. Retrieved on August 26, 2009.
  42. ↑ "Worldwide Offices and Sales Agents: Шаблон:Webarchive." Air Tahiti Nui. Retrieved on January 20, 2009.
  43. ↑ "Ticketing Offices California / Los Angeles." Aeroméxico. Retrieved on January 20, 2009.
  44. ↑ "Branch Offices North America Шаблон:Webarchive." China Airlines. Retrieved on January 21, 2009.
  45. ↑ "Los Angeles Emirates (town office)." Emirates. Retrieved on February 24, 2011. "Address 222 N. Pacific Coast Highway Suite 1322 El Segundo, CA 90245 Los Angeles USA."
  46. ↑ "Contact Us America." EVA Air. Retrieved on January 28, 2009.
  47. ↑ "Contact Us Шаблон:Webarchive." Singapore Airlines. Retrieved on January 28, 2009.
  48. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  49. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  50. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  51. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  52. ↑ Шаблон:Cite GovTrack
  53. ↑ Kuznia, Rob. "Wiseburn district eyes wow factor in creating new comprehensive high school." Daily Breeze. March 28, 2013. Retrieved on April 19, 2014.
  54. ↑ Kuznia, Rob. "Aerospace business corridor in El Segundo a cash cow for Centinela Valley school district." Daily Breeze. February 19, 2014. Retrieved on April 19, 2014.
  55. ↑ 55,0 55,1 "History and Profile" (Archive). Centinela Valley Union High School District. Retrieved on April 20, 2014.
  56. ↑ "About" (Archive). Wiseburn School District. Retrieved on April 4, 2014.
  57. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  58. ↑ Weikel, Dan and Barboza, Tony (May 29, 2014) "Planes' exhaust could be harming communities up to 10 miles from LAX" Los Angeles Times
  59. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  60. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  61. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  62. ↑ "Love and Hate in El Segundo". Шаблон:Webarchive. Sports Illustrated. August 17, 1981. Retrieved on June 15, 2009.
  63. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  64. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  65. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
Источник — http://wikihandbk.com/ruwiki/index.php?title=Английская_Википедия:El_Segundo,_California&oldid=14485963