Английская Википедия:Elaenia
Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:For Шаблон:Automatic taxobox Elaenia is a genus of passerine birds in the tyrant flycatcher family which occur in Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central and South America. Except by voice, specific identification is often difficult since many species are very similar. They are also known by the common name elaenia, which they share with the similar tyrant flycatchers of the genus Myiopagis.
Elaenia flycatchers are typically brownish, greyish or olive above, and off-white and/or pale yellow on the belly, with a white or pale yellowish eye-ring of variable strength and two or three wing bars. Some species show a crest; often with a semi-concealed white patch/streak.
Taxonomy
The genus Elaenia was introduced by the Swedish zoologist Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1836.[1] The type species was subsequently designated as the yellow-bellied elaenia.[2] The name of the genus is from the Ancient Greek ελαινεος elaineos "of olive-oil" or "oleaginous".[3]
The genus contains 22 species:[4]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Файл:Elaenia flavogaster1.jpg | Yellow-bellied elaenia | Elaenia flavogaster | Central and South America as far as northern Argentina, and on Trinidad and Tobago. |
| Файл:Caribbean Elaenia.jpg | Caribbean elaenia | Elaenia martinica | West Indies and parts of Central America. |
| Файл:Elaenia spectabilis-Large Elaenia.JPG | Large elaenia | Elaenia spectabilis | western Amazonia to eastern Brazil and central Bolivia. |
| Файл:Elaenia ridleyana.jpg | Noronha elaenia | Elaenia ridleyana | Fernando de Noronha |
| Файл:White-crested Elaenia (Elaenia albiceps) (15934867376).jpg | White-crested elaenia | Elaenia albiceps | Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and northernmost Chile. |
| Файл:Elaenia albiceps chilensis.jpg | Chilean elaenia | Elaenia chilensis | southern Bolivia to Tierra del Fuego. |
| Файл:Elaenia parvirostris -Piraju, Sao Paulo, Brazil-8.jpg | Small-billed elaenia | Elaenia parvirostris | Argentina, Aruba, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Netherlands Antilles, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela. |
| Файл:Olivaceous elaenia (cropped).jpg | Olivaceous elaenia | Elaenia mesoleuca | Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. |
| Slaty elaenia | Elaenia strepera | western Amazon Basin, Colombia and Venezuela. | |
| Файл:Elaenia gigas - Mottle-backed elaenia.jpg | Mottle-backed elaenia | Elaenia gigas | Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. |
| Файл:Elaenia pelzelni - Brownish elaenia, Iranduba, Amazonas, Brazil.jpg | Brownish elaenia | Elaenia pelzelni | Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia. |
| Файл:Elaenia cristata - Plain-crested elaenia; Serra da Canastra National Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil.jpg | Plain-crested elaenia | Elaenia cristata | Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. |
| Файл:Lesser elaenia (Elaenia chiriquensis chiriquensis).jpg | Lesser elaenia | Elaenia chiriquensis | Argentina, Aruba, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. |
| Coopmans's elaenia | Elaenia brachyptera | southwestern Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. | |
| Файл:Elaenia ruficeps - Rufous-crowned Elaenia (cropped).jpg | Rufous-crowned elaenia | Elaenia ruficeps | Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. |
| Файл:Elaenia frantzii Elaenia montañera Mountain Elaenia (11280238045).jpg | Mountain elaenia | Elaenia frantzii | Guatemala to Colombia and western Venezuela |
| Файл:Tucão (Elaenia obscura) - Highland Elaenia.jpg | Highland elaenia | Elaenia obscura | southeastern Ecuador to Bolivia and northwestern Argentina |
| Файл:Elaenia obscura sordida - Highland elaenia; Bertioga, São Paulo, Brazil.jpg | Small-headed elaenia | Elaenia sordida | southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina. |
| Great elaenia | Elaenia dayi | Venezuela and far northern Brazil, and may also occur in Guyana. | |
| Файл:Sierran Elaenia - South Ecuador.jpg | Sierran elaenia | Elaenia pallatangae | Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela. |
| Tepui elaenia | Elaenia olivina | Guyana and Venezuela | |
| Файл:Greater Antillean Elaenia (Elaenia fallax) (8082788028).jpg | Greater Antillean elaenia | Elaenia fallax | Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Jamaica. |
See also
- Myiopagis, another genus of tyrant flycatchers commonly known as elaenias
References
Шаблон:Reflist Шаблон:Refbegin
- Hilty, Steven L. (2003): Birds of Venezuela. Christopher Helm, London. Шаблон:ISBN
- Stiles, F. Gary & Skutch, Alexander Frank (1989): A guide to the birds of Costa Rica. Comistock, Ithaca. Шаблон:ISBN
Шаблон:Passeriformes Шаблон:Taxonbar
_(15934867376).jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
_-_Highland_Elaenia.jpg){kind=link}
_(8082788028).jpg){kind=link}