Английская Википедия:Elias de Barjols
Elias de Barjols (fl. 1191–1230[1]) was a bourgeois Aquitainian troubadour who established himself in Provence and retired a monk. Eleven of his lyrics survive, but none of his music.
According to his vida Elias was the son of a merchant and came from Agenais. The name of his birthplace is Шаблон:Lang in the manuscripts, but such a name can not be found in Agenais nor elsewhere: the most recent edition suggests that Шаблон:Lang is a scribal error for Шаблон:Lang, ancient name of Pujols, castle placed in Agenais, about 25 km from Agen. The identification of Шаблон:Lang as Pérols-sur-Vézère, as Stronski proposed in 1906, is untenable, because this place was not a castle and was not in Agenais, but in Limousin. According to his Шаблон:Lang he was the greatest singer of his age (but such a statement is very frequent in the Шаблон:Lang') and he travelled widely from court to court as a jongleur with a fellow jongleur named Oliver.[2][3] They eventually found favour with Alfonso II of Provence: a document dated to 1208 seems to confirm this.[4] Alfonso gave them wives and land in Barjols, where Elias is witness in a document of Ramon Berenguer IV, count of Provence (Alfonso's son) in 1222.[5]
According to his Шаблон:Lang Elias fell in love with (i. e. celebrated) Garsenda of Sabran, the widow of Alfonso II (died 1209), and composed songs for her "as long as she lived", but none of his songs names her explicitly, whereas three of them are dedicated to Beatrice of Savoy, wife of Ramon Berenguer IV, count of Provence.[6] The Шаблон:Lang is therefore inaccurate in this case.
He later entered a hospital of the Шаблон:Lang founded by Beneic in Avignon, where he died.[7]
Elias was a practitioner of the Шаблон:Lang style.[1] Among his works are a Шаблон:Lang, a Шаблон:Lang, and nine Шаблон:Lang; a Шаблон:Lang, two Шаблон:Lang and another Шаблон:Lang have a questionable attribution. Probably around 1200 Elias (but attribution is uncertain) wrote a poem describing the Шаблон:Lang (or Шаблон:Lang: ideal, or model, knight) with his characteristics taken from his contemporaries, in imitation of a work by Bertran de Born in which the Шаблон:Lang (or Шаблон:Lang) is described by features of the exemplary noblewomen of Bertran's time.[1] Elias constructs this knight for his lady from the "elegance" of Aimar, the "affability" of Giraut IV Trencaleon d'Armagnac, the "generosity" of Randon (a lord of this name died before 1219, when he is mentioned in the testament of his son-in-law; he was the nephew of the troubadour Garin lo Brun), the "good responses" of Dalfi d'Alvernha, the "wits" of Шаблон:Lang (maybe the troubadour Peire de Gavaret), the "chivalry" of Brian, the "wisdom" of Bertran, the "courtesy" of a Шаблон:Lang (beautiful castellan), the "conviviality" of a certain Шаблон:Lang, the "songs" (Шаблон:Lang) of Raimon de Miraval,[8] the "gaiety" (Шаблон:Lang) of Pons de Capdoill, and the "probity" of Bertran II de la Tor.[9][10]
Another poem, Шаблон:Lang, written probably around 1225, has two Шаблон:Lang referring to Beatrice of Savoy, husband of Ramon Berenguer IV of Provence, and the lord Blacatz respectively. The stanza preceding them is full of praise for the Emperor Frederick II, suzerain of Provence, who had good relations with both Raymond Berengar and Blacatz at the time.
| Шаблон:Lang | <poem>Countess Beatrice, great good
I hear said and related of you, for you are the most beautiful of the ladies seen in the world.[11]</poem> |
Besides Beatrice and Blacatz, Elias wrote poems to Jaufre Reforzat de Trets and Ferdinand III of Castile-León.
Notes
Sources
- Egan, Margarita, ed. and trans. The Vidas of the Troubadours. New York: Garland, 1984. Шаблон:ISBN.
- Gaunt, Simon, and Kay, Sarah (edd.) The Troubadours: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Шаблон:ISBN.
- Harvey, Ruth. "Courtly culture in medieval Occitania" (pp. 8–27). The Troubadours: An Introduction. Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Шаблон:ISBN.
- Stronski, Stanislas, ed. Le Troubadour Elias de Barjols. Toulouse: Edouard Privat, 1906.
- Topsfield, L. T. "Raimon de Miraval and the Art of Courtly Love." The Modern Language Review, 51:1 (January 1956), pp. 33–41.
External links
- "One should with one's good lord" at Epistolæ: Medieval Women's Latin Letters.
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Gaunt and Kay, 283.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Egan, 30.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Topsfield, 33.
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Harvey, 15 and 20–21.
- ↑ "One should with one's good lord" at Epistolæ: Medieval Women's Latin Letters.
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