Английская Википедия:Elinand

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Шаблон:Other uses Шаблон:Infobox royalty Elinand, also known as Elinard, was prince of Galilee from 1143 or 1144 to around 1149. His parentage is unknown. He succeeded William I of Bures who either had died, or been forced into exile. Elinand was one of the main supporters of Melisende of Jerusalem. Mu'in ad-Din Unur, the ruler of Damascus, bribed him during the siege of Damascus in 1148, according to gossips spreading in the crusaders' camp.

Origins

According to a widespread scholarly theory, Elinand was related to William I of Bures, who received the Principality of Galilee from Baldwin II of Jerusalem in 1119 or 1120.Шаблон:Sfn Historian Martin Rheinheimer associates Elinand with Elias, who was William I's nephew.Шаблон:Sfn William I referred to Elias and his brother, William, as his heirs in 1126.Шаблон:Sfn Rheinheimer also says, the brothers were the sons of William I's brother, Godfrey.Шаблон:Sfn Godfrey was killed during a plundering raid in the spring of 1119.Шаблон:Sfn Hans Eberhard Mayer refutes the association of Elinand with William I's nephew, emphasizing that the Biblical name, Elias, cannot be identical with the Germanic Elinand.Шаблон:Sfn Historian Malcolm Barber identifies Elinand as William I's second son.Шаблон:Sfn

Mayer underlines that nothing proves that Elinand was William I's kinsman.Шаблон:Sfn Mayer also notes, Elinand's otherwise rare name is well-documented in the region of Saint-Omer and Fauquembergues in the 12th century.Шаблон:Sfn He concludes that Elinand was most probably a member of the Saint-Omer family, and thus he was related to the second Prince of Galilee, Hugh of Fauquembergues.Шаблон:Sfn He tentatively identifies Elinand's father with Hosto of Fauquembergues, who was castellan of Saint-Omer in the late 1120s, although no document evidences that Hosto fathered children.Шаблон:Sfn

Prince of Galilee

Файл:Walls of Tiberian Fortress.jpg

Ruins of the crusaders' castle at Tiberias, the seat of the Principality of Galilee

The circumstances of Elinand's emergence to power are unknown.Шаблон:Sfn Rheinheimer says, Elinand inherited the principality of Galilee (also known as the lordship of Tiberias) from William I in 1144.Шаблон:Sfn Mayer argues, Elinand seized Galilee with the support of Melisende of Jerusalem, who had forced William I into exile after the death of her husband, Fulk, King of Jerusalem.Шаблон:Sfn Elinand became one of Melisende's main supporters.Шаблон:Sfn

Imad ad-Din Zengi laid siege to Edessa in late November 1144.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Along with Manasses of Hierges and Philip of Milly, Eliland was appointed by Melisende to lead a relieve army to the town.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn They did not reach Edessa, because its defenders surrendered before the end of the year.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Barber proposes that they most probably went to Antioch and participated in Raymond of Antioch's unsuccessful counter-offensive in early 1145.Шаблон:Sfn

Eliland attended the assembly of the commanders of the Second Crusade at Acre on 24 June 1148.Шаблон:Sfn The commanders decided to attack Damascus.Шаблон:Sfn The siege of Damascus began on 23 July, but four days later the crusaders abandoned the siege and returned to the kingdom.Шаблон:Sfn According to gossips which had started to spread among the crusaders during the siege, Mu'in ad-Din Unur, the ruler of Damascus, bribed Elinand.Шаблон:Sfn Shortly thereafter, Elinand either died,Шаблон:Sfn or forfeited Galilee.Шаблон:Sfn

Family

A royal charter referred to Ermengarde of Ibelin (a sister of Hugh of Ibelin) as Lady of Tiberias in 1155.Шаблон:Sfn Rheinheimer, Sylvia Schein and other historians write that Ermengarde was Elinand's wife.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn They also say that Elinand's successor, William II, and William's heir, Eschiva, were their children.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn On the other hand, Mayer and Peter W. Edbury propose that Ermengarde of Ibelin was the wife of William I of Bures.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn Mayer also says that Elinand was succeeded by William I's nephew, Simon of Bures.Шаблон:Sfn

Sources

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book