Английская Википедия:Elishaʿ bar Quzbaye
Elishaʿ bar Quzbaye[1] (Шаблон:Floruit Шаблон:Circa 450 – Шаблон:Circa 510/530) was a hermeneut and apologist of the Church of the East. Active in Persia, he served as the second or third director of the school of Nisibis. He wrote extensively in Syriac, but only a few fragments of his works survive.
Life
The meaning of Elishaʿ's surname is uncertain.Шаблон:Sfn It may come from the village of Quzbo in Marga in Beth ʿArbaye.Шаблон:Sfn According to Barḥadbshabba ʿArbaya, his surname was ʿArbaya bar Quzbane.Шаблон:Sfn In some later manuscripts, his name is corrupted to Mar Qorbane.Шаблон:Sfn
According to the Chronicle of Siirt, Elishaʿ was a fellow student of Narsai at the school of Edessa before 450.Шаблон:Sfn Barḥadbshabba of Ḥulwān states that he was "trained in all ecclesiastical and profane books".Шаблон:Sfn He eventually taught biblical interpretation at the school of Nisibis, where, according to the Chronicle of Arbela, he became mpashshqānā (chief interpreter).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
According to the Chronicle of Siirt and the historian Mari ibn Sulayman, the Persian king Kavad I ordered all the religious communities in Persia to submit written descriptions of their beliefs. In response to this command, the Catholicos Aqaq commissioned Elishaʿ to write a general work on Christianity, which the catholicos then had translated into Persian and presented to Kavad. This must have taken place between 488 (Kavad's accession) and 496 (Aqaq's death).Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn
According to some sources, Elishaʿ succeeded Narsai as director of the school around 502. Barḥadbshabba ʿArbaya, however, dates the beginning of his term as director to around 522, after Abraham of Beth Rabban's first term.Шаблон:Sfn In any case, his term was short, lasting four years (per Barḥadbshabba) or seven (503–510, per the Chronicle).[2]
Works
Elishaʿ was the author of several apologetic, didactic and expository works in Syriac, but only two short excerpts from his commentary on Job survive, quoted by Ishoʿdad of Merv.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn The Chronicle of Siirt records that he also wrote commentaries on Joshua and Judges and "completed ... according to a request" the commentary of Theodore of Mopsuestia on Samuel.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn This last comment may mean either that he added an ending to an unfinished work by Theodore or merely that he finished its translation into Syriac.Шаблон:Sfn The Chronicle also credits him with a book of "meanings" of the Books of Kings, probably an exegesis of difficult passages and not a full commentary.Шаблон:Sfn It claims that he wrote commentaries on all the Pauline epistles, but there is no other evidence of so extensive a work.Шаблон:Sfn New Testament commentaries are not mentioned by Barḥadbshabba of Ḥulwān, who claims that Elishaʿ wrote commentaries on all the books of the Old Testament according to the Peshitta (Syriac) versions. This claim, too, should be taken as possible hyperbole.Шаблон:Sfn Writing centuries later, ʿAbdishoʿ bar Brikha knew only of Elishaʿ's commentaries on the Second Epistle to the Corinthians and the epistles to the Galatians, Ephesians and Philippians.[3]
Besides exegetical works, Elishaʿ wrote a variety of theological and historical works. ʿAbdishoʿ and the Chronicle both record that he wrote an ʿelltā (cause, explanation) of the mawtbā (Шаблон:Lang-ar), probably meaning the academic session of the school.[4] ʿAbdishoʿ also attributes to him an ʿelltā of the martyrs, a "book of thanksgivings", a poem celebrating Shemʿon of Germakh and a commentary on the Chronicon of Eusebius of Caesarea.Шаблон:SfnШаблон:Sfn According to Barḥadbshabba, he wrote a defence of Christianity against the criticisms of the Magi, which he calls "an explanation of the questions of Magianism" (i.e., Zoroastrianism), in which "he resolved [repudiated] the questions the Magi raised ... against us".[5] According to Barḥadbshabba, he also wrote a defence against "the heretics", by which are meant the Monophysites.Шаблон:Sfn
Elishaʿ's work for Kavad is described by the Chronicle of Siirt as covering the divine essence, the Trinity, the Hexameron, the creation of angels, the fall of Satan and the Parousia.Шаблон:Sfn
Notes
Bibliography
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite encyclopedia
- Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb: Elīšaʿ bar Qūzbāiē; Шаблон:Harvnb: Elisha bar Qozbāyē.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb. Шаблон:Harvnb, reads it as including a commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb; Шаблон:Harvnb. According to Шаблон:Harvnb, Abraham of Beth Rabban and Barḥadbshabba of Ḥulwān wrote ʿellātā on the same topic, but only the latter's survives.
- ↑ Шаблон:Harvnb, ascribing it to Barḥadbshabba of Ḥulwān. According to Шаблон:Harvnb, who ascribes it to Barḥadbshabba ʿArbaya, this may be the same work as that commissioned by Aqaq and submitted to the king.
- Английская Википедия
- 5th-century births
- 6th-century deaths
- Year of birth unknown
- Year of death uncertain
- Christians in the Sasanian Empire
- Church of the East writers
- Syriac writers
- Bible commentators
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