Английская Википедия:Elizabeth Hickox
Шаблон:Infobox artist Elizabeth Conrad Hickox (1872/5–July 19, 1947) was a Wiyot master basket weaver and was considered one of the finest basket-weavers of her time.[1] Her baskets differ from other Lower Klamath baskets through her own unique use of shape, technique, color scheme and design.[2][3]
Early life
Elizbeth Conrad Hickox's birth year has been given as 1872[2] and 1875.[1] Hickox's mother was Wiyot and her father, European-American.Шаблон:Sfn It was reported that Hickox's mother, Polly, had been abducted by her later husband, Charles Conrad.Шаблон:Sfn When Elizabeth was in her teens, she married Frank Merrill (Karuk), and they had two children together, Jessie and Bruce.Шаблон:Sfn She later married Luther Hickox in 1895.Шаблон:Sfn Luther Hickox owned a gold mine, was a part owner of a sawmill and later became a justice of the peace.Шаблон:Sfn The couple enjoyed a high social status among the Karuk people, as well as financial security.Шаблон:Sfn
Hickox lived along the Salmon River in Northern California.[1]
Artwork
Hickox used various materials to weave her baskets including grape root twining, white bear grass (Xerophyllum tenax), dyed Woodwardia fern, black maidenhair fern and dyed porcupine quills.[4] She tended to use the fern Adiantum aleuticum, a dark material in contrast to the porcupine quills dyed yellow with Letharia vulpina.[5] The choice to mostly use dark materials contrasted with the yellow was her own choice, and not subject to marketplace demands.Шаблон:Sfn Between 1911 and 1934, she made about five baskets a year.[5]
Hickox and her daughter, Louise, weaved and sold their baskets to Grace Nicholson, who continued to buy their work even during the Great Depression.[6] Though Hickox was Wiyot, Nicholson marketed her baskets as "Karuk" because they lived in the Karuk area.Шаблон:Sfn Before Hickox met Nicholson, she had already chosen to create fine-art baskets.Шаблон:Sfn After Nicholson stopped purchasing baskets in 1934, Hickox continued to weave "for pleasure, utility and gift-giving."Шаблон:Sfn
In 2020, the art of Hickox was exhibited in the exhibition Hearts of Our People: Native Women Artists at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.[7]
Death
Hickox died on July 19, 1947.Шаблон:Sfn
Public collections
Elizabeth Hickox's baskets can be found in numerous public collections, including the following:
- Autry Museum of the American West (Southwest Museum of Los Angeles)Шаблон:Sfn
- Denver Art Museum
- Field Museum of Natural History
- National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution[5] the Lauren Rogers Museum of Art,[8]
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.Шаблон:Sfn
- Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University[9]
- University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
Notes
References
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Шаблон:Cite book
- Yohe, Jill; Greeves, Teri (2019). Hearts of Our People: Native Women Artists. University of Washington Press. Шаблон:ISBN.
External links
- Elizabeth Hickox Treasure Basket (video)
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ Delia Sullivan, Heritage Capital Corporation, 2009, Heritage Auctions American Indian Art Auction Catalog #6029, Dallas, TX, Retrieved August 25, 2016, see page 42
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite book
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
- Английская Википедия
- 1870s births
- Year of birth uncertain
- 1947 deaths
- Wiyot people
- 20th-century American artists
- 20th-century American women artists
- American basket weavers
- American women basket weavers
- Weavers from California
- People from Siskiyou County, California
- Native American women artists
- 20th-century Native American artists
- 20th-century Native American women
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