Английская Википедия:Emile Griffith

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Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:Use mdy dates Шаблон:Infobox boxer Emile Alphonse Griffith (February 3, 1938 – July 23, 2013) was a professional boxer from the U.S. Virgin Islands who won world titles in three weight divisions. He held the world light middleweight,[1] undisputed welterweight,[2] and middleweight titles.[3] His best-known contest was a 1962 title match with Benny Paret. Griffith won the bout by knockout; Paret never recovered consciousness and died in the hospital 10 days later.[4]

In 1963 and 1964, Griffith was voted Fighter of the Year by The Ring magazine and the Boxing Writers Association of America. In 2002, he was listed #33 on Ring Magazine's list of 80 greatest fighters of the past 80 years.[5] Griffith currently ranks #127 in BoxRec's ranking of the greatest pound for pound boxers of all time.[6] He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the inaugural class of 1990.[7]

Career

Amateur

Griffith was born on February 3, 1938.[8] As a teen he was working at a hat factory on a steamy day when his boss, the factory owner, agreed to Griffith's request to work shirtless. When the owner, a former amateur boxer, noticed his frame, he took Griffith to trainer Gil Clancy's gym.[9]

Griffith won the 1958 New York Golden Gloves 147 lb Open Championship, defeating Osvaldo Marcano of the Police Athletic Leagues Lynch Center in the final. In 1957 Griffith advanced to the finals of the 147-lb Sub-Novice division and was defeated by Charles Wormley of the Salem Crescent Athletic Club. Griffith trained at the West 28th Street Parks Department Gym in New York City.[10]

Professional

Griffith turned professional in 1958 and fought frequently in New York City. He captured the Welterweight title from Cuban Benny "The Kid" Paret by knocking him out in the 13th round on April 1, 1961. Six months later, Griffith lost the title to Paret in a narrow split decision. Griffith regained the title from Paret on March 24, 1962, in the controversial bout after which Paret died (see below).

Griffith waged a classic four-fight series with Luis Rodríguez, losing their second fight and winning the other three. He defeated middleweight contender Holley Mims but was knocked out in one round by Rubin "Hurricane" Carter. Three years later, on April 25, 1966, he faced middleweight champion Dick Tiger and won a 15-round unanimous decision and the middleweight title. He also lost, regained and then lost the middleweight crown in three classic fights with Nino Benvenuti.[11]

But many boxing fans[12] believed he was never quite the same fighter after Paret's death. From the Paret bout to his retirement in 1977, Griffith fought 80 bouts but only scored twelve knockouts. He later admitted to being gentler with his opponents and relying on his superior boxing skills because he was terrified of killing someone else in the ring. Many thought that Griffith fought past his prime,[12] only winning nine of his last twenty three fights. Other boxers whom he fought in his career included world champions American Denny Moyer, Cuban Luis Rodríguez, Argentine Carlos Monzón, Cuban José Nápoles, and in his last title try, German Eckhard Dagge. After 18 years as a professional boxer, Griffith retired with a record of 85 wins (25 by knockout), 24 losses and 2 draws.

Benny Paret

Шаблон:Main Griffith and Paret's third fight, which was nationally televised by ABC, occurred on March 24, 1962, at Madison Square Garden. Griffith had been incensed by an anti-gay slur directed at him by Paret during the weigh-in. Paret touched Griffith's buttocks and whispered into his opponent's ear "maricón, maricón", Spanish slang for "faggot".[9][12] Griffith had worked in a women's hat factory and at the time designed hats.[13] Griffith had to be restrained from attacking Paret on the spot. The media at the time either ignored the slur or used euphemisms such as "anti-man". Griffith's girlfriend asked him about the incident, saying, "I didn't know about you being that way."

In the sixth round Paret came close to stopping Griffith with a multi-punch combination, but Griffith was saved by the bell.[14] After the sixth round Griffith's trainer, Gil Clancy, later said he told him, "When you go inside I want you to keep punching until Paret holds you or the referee breaks you! But you keep punching until he does that!".[9]

Файл:Griffith - El Gráfico 2711.jpg
Emile Griffith - 1971

Griffith told a television interviewer: "I'm very proud to be the welterweight champion again. I hope Paret is feeling very good." When the seriousness of the situation become known, Griffith went to the hospital where Paret was being treated and unsuccessfully attempted for several hours to gain entry to Paret's room. Following that, he ran through the streets while being insulted by passersby. He would later receive hate mail from Paret supporters who were convinced Griffith intentionally killed Paret.[9]

New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller created a seven-man commission to investigate the incident and the sport.[9] Griffith reportedly felt guilt over Paret's death and suffered nightmares about Paret for 40 years.[9]

The fight, and the widespread publicity and criticism of boxing which accompanied it, became the basis of the 2005 documentary Ring of Fire: The Emile Griffith Story.[15]

Trainer

Griffith trained other boxers, including Wilfred Benítez and Juan Laporte of Puerto Rico. Both won world championships. Griffith, Monzon, Benvenuti, Rodriguez, Tiger, Nápoles and Benítez are members of the International Boxing Hall of Fame. In 1979–80, he was in Denmark serving as the coach of the Danish Olympic boxing team.[16]

Personal life

Файл:Luis Rodrigo Griffith.jpg
Luis Rodrigo Griffith, Emile's adopted son and caretaker, at the after party of the world premiere of Terence Blanchard's opera Champion on June 15, 2013.

In 1971, two months after they met, Griffith married another Virgin Islander Mercedes "Sadie" Donastorg, who was then a member of the dance troupe "Prince Rupert and the Slave Girls".[17] Griffith adopted Donastorg's daughter, but the marriage only lasted a few months.[12] After retiring from boxing, Griffith worked as a corrections officer at the Secaucus, New Jersey Juvenile Detention Facility.[9]

In 1992, Griffith was viciously beaten and almost killed on a New York City street after leaving a gay bar near the Port Authority Bus Terminal. He was in the hospital for four months after the assault. It was not clear if the violence was motivated by homophobia.[12]

Griffith was bisexual. He was quoted in Sports Illustrated as saying "I like men and women both. But I don't like that word: homosexual, gay or faggot. I don't know what I am. I love men and women the same, but if you ask me which is better ... I like women."[9]

Death

A long-time resident of Weehawken, New Jersey,[18] Griffith died July 23, 2013, at a care facility in Hempstead, New York. In his final years, he suffered from dementia pugilistica and required full-time care. His adopted son,[12] Luis Rodrigo Griffith, was his primary caregiver.[19] He was buried in St. Michael's Cemetery, Queens, New York City.[20]

Media representations

  • In January 2005, filmmakers Dan Klores and Ron Berger premiered their documentary Ring of Fire: The Emile Griffith Story at the Sundance Film Festival in Utah. It was broadcast on television on USA Network.[21]
  • Griffith's December 20, 1963 bout with Rubin Carter (which Griffith lost) is depicted in the opening scene of the 1999 motion picture The Hurricane. Griffith is portrayed by former boxer Terry Claybon, while actor Denzel Washington stars as Carter.[22]
  • In May 2012 it was announced that trumpeter Terence Blanchard and playwright Michael Cristofer were working on the opera Champion, based on Griffith's story. It premiered at Opera Theatre of St. Louis on June 15, 2013.[23]
  • Irish director Lenny Abrahamson is working on a biopic focusing on Griffith's rivalry with Paret, originally intended to be released in 2019 but subsequently delayed.[24][25]
  • A stage play based on Griffith's story, titled Brown Girl in the Ring, premiered on September 26, 2016, in Chicago. It was commissioned and produced by the Court Theatre.Шаблон:CN
  • A stage play based on Griffith's story, titled Man in the Ring, premiered on November 16, 2018, at the Huntington Theater in Boston.[26]

Professional boxing record

Шаблон:BoxingRecordSummary

Шаблон:S-befШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-aftШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-aftШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-nonШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-befШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-vacШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-nonШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-vacШаблон:S-befШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-aftШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-befШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-ttlШаблон:S-endШаблон:Ring magazine Fighter of the YearШаблон:Sugar Ray Robinson AwardШаблон:Authority control
Шаблон:Abbr Result Record Opponent Type Round, time Date Location Notes
112 Шаблон:No2Loss 85–24–2 Шаблон:Small Alan Minter PTS 10 Jul 30, 1977 Шаблон:Small
111 Шаблон:No2Loss 85–23–2 Шаблон:Small Mayfield Pennington SD 10 Jul 16, 1977 Шаблон:Small
110 Шаблон:No2Loss 85–22–2 Шаблон:Small Joel Bonnetaz PTS 10 Apr 15, 1977 Шаблон:Small
109 Шаблон:Yes2Win 85–21–2 Шаблон:Small Christy Elliott MD 10 Feb 2, 1977 Шаблон:Small
108 Шаблон:Yes2Win 84–21–2 Шаблон:Small Frank Reiche TKO 10 (10) Dec 4, 1976 Шаблон:Small
107 Шаблон:Yes2Win 83–21–2 Шаблон:Small Dino Del Cid TKO 4 (10) Oct 24, 1976 Шаблон:Small
106 Шаблон:No2Loss 82–21–2 Шаблон:Small Eckhard Dagge MD 15 Sep 18, 1976 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
105 Шаблон:DrawDraw 82–20–2 Шаблон:Small Bennie Briscoe PTS 10 Jun 26, 1976 Шаблон:Small
104 Шаблон:No2Loss 82–20–1 Шаблон:Small Loucif Hamani UD 10 Feb 9, 1976 Шаблон:Small
103 Шаблон:Yes2Win 82–19–1 Шаблон:Small Jose Roberto Chirino UD 10 Nov 7, 1975 Шаблон:Small
102 Шаблон:No2Loss 81–19–1 Шаблон:Small Elijah Makathini PTS 10 Aug 9, 1975 Шаблон:Small
101 Шаблон:Yes2Win 81–18–1 Шаблон:Small Leo Saenz UD 10 Jul 23, 1975 Шаблон:Small
100 Шаблон:No2Loss 80–18–1 Шаблон:Small Jose Luis Duran UD 10 May 31, 1974 Шаблон:Small
99 Шаблон:Yes2Win 80–17–1 Шаблон:Small Donato Paduano UD 10 Dec 10, 1974 Шаблон:Small
98 Шаблон:No2Loss 79–17–1 Шаблон:Small Vito Antuofermo UD 10 Nov 22, 1974 Шаблон:Small
97 Шаблон:Yes2Win 79–16–1 Шаблон:Small Bennie Briscoe MD 10 Oct 9, 1974 Шаблон:Small
96 Шаблон:Yes2Win 78–16–1 Шаблон:Small Renato Garcia PTS 10 May 25, 1974 Шаблон:Small
95 Шаблон:No2Loss 77–16–1 Шаблон:Small Tony Licata UD 12 Feb 5, 1974 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
94 Шаблон:No2Loss 77–15–1 Шаблон:Small Tony Mundine UD 12 Nov 19, 1973 Шаблон:Small
93 Шаблон:Yes2Win 77–14–1 Шаблон:Small Manuel González MD 10 Nov 1, 1973 Шаблон:Small
92 Шаблон:No2Loss 76–14–1 Шаблон:Small Carlos Monzón UD 15 Jun 2, 1973 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
91 Шаблон:DrawDraw 76–13–1 Шаблон:Small Nessim Max Cohen PTS 10 Mar 12, 1973 Шаблон:Small
90 Шаблон:No2Loss 76–13 Шаблон:Small Jean-Claude Bouttier DQ 7 (10) Dec 18, 1972 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
89 Шаблон:Yes2Win 76–12 Шаблон:Small Joe DeNucci SD 12 Oct 11, 1972 Шаблон:Small
88 Шаблон:Yes2Win 75–12 Шаблон:Small Joe DeNucci SD 10 Sep 16, 1972 Шаблон:Small
87 Шаблон:Yes2Win 74–12 Шаблон:Small Ernie Lopez UD 10 Mar 30, 1972 Шаблон:Small
86 Шаблон:Yes2Win 73–12 Шаблон:Small Jacques Kechichian PTS 10 Feb 21, 1972 Шаблон:Small
85 Шаблон:Yes2Win 72–12 Шаблон:Small Armando Muñíz UD 10 Jan 31, 1972 Шаблон:Small
84 Шаблон:Yes2Win 71–12 Шаблон:Small Danny McAloon UD 10 Dec 10, 1971 Шаблон:Small
83 Шаблон:No2Loss 70–12 Шаблон:Small Carlos Monzón TKO 14 (15), 2:32 Sep 25, 1971 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
82 Шаблон:Yes2Win 70–11 Шаблон:Small Nessim Max Cohen UD 10 Jul 26, 1971 Шаблон:Small
81 Шаблон:Yes2Win 69–11 Шаблон:Small Ernie Lopez MD 10 May 3, 1971 Шаблон:Small
80 Шаблон:Yes2Win 68–11 Шаблон:Small Rafael Gutierrez UD 10 Mar 23, 1971 Шаблон:Small
79 Шаблон:Yes2Win 67–11 Шаблон:Small Juan Ramos TKO 7 (10) Mar 5, 1971 Шаблон:Small
78 Шаблон:Yes2Win 66–11 Шаблон:Small Nate Collins UD 10 Nov 10, 1970 Шаблон:Small
77 Шаблон:Yes2Win 65–11 Шаблон:Small Danny Perez UD 12 Oct 17, 1970 Шаблон:Small
76 Шаблон:Yes2Win 64–11 Шаблон:Small Dick Tiger UD 10 Jul 15, 1970 Шаблон:Small
75 Шаблон:Yes2Win 63–11 Шаблон:Small Tom Bogs PTS 10 Jun 4, 1970 Шаблон:Small
74 Шаблон:Yes2Win 62–11 Шаблон:Small Carlos Marks UD 12 Mar 11, 1970 Шаблон:Small
73 Шаблон:Yes2Win 61–11 Шаблон:Small Doyle Baird UD 10 Jan 28, 1970 Шаблон:Small
72 Шаблон:No2Loss 60–11 Шаблон:Small José Nápoles UD 15 Oct 17, 1969 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
71 Шаблон:Yes2Win 60–10 Шаблон:Small Art Hernandez SD 10 Aug 15, 1969 Шаблон:Small
70 Шаблон:Yes2Win 59–10 Шаблон:Small Dick DiVeronica TKO 7 (10), 1:28 Jul 11, 1969 Шаблон:Small
69 Шаблон:Yes2Win 58–10 Шаблон:Small Stanley Hayward UD 12 May 12, 1969 Шаблон:Small
68 Шаблон:Yes2Win 57–10 Шаблон:Small Andy Heilman UD 10 Feb 3, 1969 Шаблон:Small
67 Шаблон:No2Loss 56–10 Шаблон:Small Stanley Hayward SD 10 Oct 29, 1968 Шаблон:Small
66 Шаблон:Yes2Win 56–9 Шаблон:Small Gypsy Joe Harris UD 12 Aug 6, 1968 Шаблон:Small
65 Шаблон:Yes2Win 55–9 Шаблон:Small Andy Heilman MD 12 Jun 11, 1968 Шаблон:Small
64 Шаблон:No2Loss 54–9 Шаблон:Small Nino Benvenuti UD 15 Mar 4, 1968 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
63 Шаблон:Yes2Win 54–8 Шаблон:Small Remo Golfarini TKO 6 (10) Dec 15, 1967 Шаблон:Small
62 Шаблон:Yes2Win 53–8 Шаблон:Small Nino Benvenuti MD 15 Sep 29, 1967 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
61 Шаблон:No2Loss 52–8 Шаблон:Small Nino Benvenuti UD 15 Apr 17, 1967 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
60 Шаблон:Yes2Win 52–7 Шаблон:Small Joey Archer UD 15 Jan 23, 1967 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
59 Шаблон:Yes2Win 51–7 Шаблон:Small Joey Archer MD 15 Jul 13, 1966 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
58 Шаблон:Yes2Win 50–7 Шаблон:Small Dick Tiger UD 15 Apr 25, 1966 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
57 Шаблон:Yes2Win 49–7 Шаблон:Small Johnny Brooks UD 10 Feb 3, 1966 Шаблон:Small
56 Шаблон:Yes2Win 48–7 Шаблон:Small Manuel González UD 15 Dec 10, 1965 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
55 Шаблон:Yes2Win 47–7 Шаблон:Small Harry Scott RTD 7 (10) Oct 4, 1965 Шаблон:Small
54 Шаблон:Yes2Win 46–7 Шаблон:Small Gabe Terronez TKO 4 (10), 2:45 Sep 14, 1965 Шаблон:Small
53 Шаблон:No2Loss 45–7 Шаблон:Small Don Fullmer UD 12 Aug 19, 1965 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
52 Шаблон:Yes2Win 45–6 Шаблон:Small Eddie Pace UD 10 Jun 14, 1965 Шаблон:Small
51 Шаблон:Yes2Win 44–6 Шаблон:Small Jose Stable UD 15 Mar 30, 1965 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
50 Шаблон:No2Loss 43–6 Шаблон:Small Manuel González SD 10 Jan 26, 1965 Шаблон:Small
49 Шаблон:Yes2Win 43–5 Шаблон:Small Dave Charnley TKO 9 (10), 1:56 Dec 1, 1965 Шаблон:Small
48 Шаблон:Yes2Win 42–5 Шаблон:Small Brian Curvis UD 15 Sep 22, 1964 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
47 Шаблон:Yes2Win 41–5 Шаблон:Small Luis Manuel Rodríguez SD 15 Jun 12, 1964 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
46 Шаблон:Yes2Win 40–5 Шаблон:Small Stan Harrington KO 4 (10), 1:40 Apr 14, 1964 Шаблон:Small
45 NC 39–5 Шаблон:Small Juan Carlo Duran NC 7 (10) Mar 11, 1964 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
44 Шаблон:Yes2Win 39–5 Ralph Dupas KO 3 (12) Feb 10, 1964 Шаблон:Small
43 Шаблон:No2Loss 38–5 Rubin Carter TKO 1 (10), 2:13 Dec 20, 1963 Шаблон:Small
42 Шаблон:Yes2Win 38–4 Jose Monon Gonzalez MD 10 Oct 5, 1963 Шаблон:Small
41 Шаблон:Yes2Win 37–4 Holly Mims UD 10 Aug 10, 1963 Шаблон:Small
40 Шаблон:Yes2Win 36–4 Luis Manuel Rodríguez SD 15 Jun 8, 1963 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
39 Шаблон:No2Loss 35–4 Luis Manuel Rodríguez UD 15 Mar 21, 1963 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
38 Шаблон:Yes2Win 35–3 Christian Christensen TKO 9 (15) Feb 3, 1963 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
37 Шаблон:Yes2Win 34–3 Jorge Fernandez TKO 9 (15) Dec 8, 1962 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
36 Шаблон:Yes2Win 33–3 Ted Wright PTS 15 Oct 17, 1962 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
35 Шаблон:Yes2Win 32–3 Don Fullmer UD 10 Oct 6, 1962 Шаблон:Small
34 Шаблон:Yes2Win 31–3 Denny Moyer SD 10 Aug 18, 1962 Шаблон:Small
33 Шаблон:Yes2Win 30–3 Ralph Dupas UD 15 Jul 13, 1962 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
32 Шаблон:Yes2Win 29–3 Benny Paret TKO 12 (15), 2:09 Mar 24, 1962 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
31 Шаблон:Yes2Win 28–3 Johnny Torres UD 10 Feb 3, 1962 Шаблон:Small
30 Шаблон:Yes2Win 27–3 Isaac Logart MD 10 Dec 23, 1961 Шаблон:Small
29 Шаблон:Yes2Win 26–3 Stanford Bulla KO 4 (10), 2:35 Nov 4, 1961 Шаблон:Small
28 Шаблон:No2Loss 25–3 Benny Paret SD 15 Sep 30, 1961 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
27 Шаблон:Yes2Win 25–2 Yama Bahama UD 10 Jul 29, 1961 Шаблон:Small
26 Шаблон:Yes2Win 24–2 Gaspar Ortega TKO 12 (15), 0:48 Jun 3, 1961 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
25 Шаблон:Yes2Win 23–2 Benny Paret KO 13 (15), 1:11 Apr 1, 1961 Шаблон:Small Шаблон:Small
24 Шаблон:Yes2Win 22–2 Luis Manuel Rodríguez SD 10 Dec 17, 1960 Шаблон:Small
23 Шаблон:Yes2Win 21–2 Willie Toweel TKO 8 (10), 3:00 Oct 22, 1960 Шаблон:Small
22 Шаблон:Yes2Win 20–2 Florentino Fernández UD 10 Aug 25, 1960 Шаблон:Small
21 Шаблон:Yes2Win 19–2 Jorge Fernandez UD 10 Jul 25, 1960 Шаблон:Small
20 Шаблон:Yes2Win 18–2 Jorge Fernandez SD 10 Jun 3, 1960 Шаблон:Small
19 Шаблон:No2Loss 17–2 Denny Moyer SD 10 Apr 26, 1960 Шаблон:Small
18 Шаблон:Yes2Win 17–1 Denny Moyer SD 10 Mar 11, 1960 Шаблон:Small
17 Шаблон:Yes2Win 16–1 Gaspar Ortega SD 10 Feb 12, 1960 Шаблон:Small
16 Шаблон:Yes2Win 15–1 Roberto Peña UD 10 Jan 8, 1960 Шаблон:Small
15 Шаблон:Yes2Win 14–1 Ray Lancaster TKO 7 (10), 1:44 Nov 23, 1959 Шаблон:Small
14 Шаблон:No2Loss 13–1 Randy Sandy SD 10 Oct 26, 1959 Шаблон:Small
13 Шаблон:Yes2Win 13–0 Kid Fichique UD 10 Aug 7, 1959 Шаблон:Small
12 Шаблон:Yes2Win 12–0 Willie Stevenson UD 10 May 25, 1959 Шаблон:Small
11 Шаблон:Yes2Win 11–0 Mel Barker UD 10 Apr 27, 1959 Шаблон:Small
10 Шаблон:Yes2Win 10–0 Bobby Shell UD 10 Mar 23, 1959 Шаблон:Small
9 Шаблон:Yes2Win 9–0 Barry Allison TKO 5 (10), 2:44 Feb 23, 1959 Шаблон:Small
8 Шаблон:Yes2Win 8–0 Willie Joe Johnson TKO 5 (6), 1:52 Feb 9, 1959 Шаблон:Small
7 Шаблон:Yes2Win 7–0 Gaylord Barnes TKO 5 (6), 1:46 Jan 26, 1959 Шаблон:Small
6 Шаблон:Yes2Win 6–0 Larry Jones KO 5 (6), 2:17 Dec 15, 1958 Шаблон:Small
5 Шаблон:Yes2Win 5–0 Sergio Rios KO 3 (6), 1:01 Nov 17, 1958 Шаблон:Small
4 Шаблон:Yes2Win 4–0 Artie Cunningham PTS 6 Oct 6, 1958 Шаблон:Small
3 Шаблон:Yes2Win 3–0 Tommy Leaks PTS 4 Jul 21, 1958 Шаблон:Small
2 Шаблон:Yes2Win 2–0 Bruce Gibson PTS 4 Jun 23, 1958 Шаблон:Small
1 Шаблон:Yes2Win 1–0 Joe Parham PTS 4 Jun 2, 1958 Шаблон:Small

Шаблон:S-end

Honors

See also

References

Шаблон:Reflist

Further reading

External links

Шаблон:S-start-collapsible Шаблон:S-text

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  1. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  2. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  3. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  4. ↑ "The night boxer Emile Griffith answered gay taunts with a deadly cortege of punches", theguardian.com; accessed January 30, 2016.
  5. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  6. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  7. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  8. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  9. ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 9,4 9,5 9,6 9,7 Smith, Gary "The Shadow Boxer", Sports Illustrated, April 18, 2005.
  10. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  11. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 12,4 12,5 Шаблон:Cite news
  13. ↑ I've Got a Secret episode (April 12, 1961) in which Irene and Lorraine Berlin displayed hats designed by Griffith, youtube.com; accessed January 30, 2016.
  14. ↑ The Great Rivalries Шаблон:Webarchive, CBSSports.com; accessed January 30, 2016.
  15. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  16. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  17. ↑ Griffith with wife Mercedes & best man Joe Frazier JET, May 27, 1971 pg 39
  18. ↑ "The passing of a champion; Boxing Great Griffith, Who Called Hudson County Home For Years, Dies At 75", The Hudson Reporter, July 28, 2013. Accessed September 18, 2020. "During his boxing heyday, when he won both the world welterweight and middleweight championships, Emile Griffith was proud to call Hudson County home. For almost 30 years, Griffith lived on Boulevard East in Weehawken."
  19. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  20. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  21. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
  22. ↑ Шаблон:Cite journal
  23. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  24. ↑ Шаблон:Cite news
  25. ↑ Шаблон:Cite podcast
  26. ↑ Шаблон:Cite web
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