Английская Википедия:Emmy Andriesse

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Emmy Eugenie Andriesse (14 January 1914 in The Hague – 20 February 1953 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch photographer best known for her work with the Underground Camera group (Шаблон:Ill) during World War II.

Early life and education

Emmy Andriesse was the only child of liberal Jews Abraham Andriesse and Else Fuld, both working in textile companies. At age fifteen, she lost her mother, and since her father traveled internationally for work, she was raised by several aunts.

From 1932 to 1937, after high school, Andriesse studied advertising design at the Academy of Fine Arts in The Hague founded in 1929 by designer Шаблон:Ill. At the academy she belonged to a group of students around left-wing designer Paul Schuitema. She attended an experimental class taught by Paul Schuitema and Gerrit Kiljan, where she learnt photography and the use of photographs in posters, advertising and newspaper articles. In her final years of study, between 1935 and 1937, she lived in Voorburg in a 'community house' together with a group of politically conscious fellow students. Amongst the 15 or so residents were photographer Hans Wolf and academics Eva Loeb, Hans IJzerman and Lex Metz. In this environment Andriesse and her friends came into contact with International Red Aid and various anti-fascist artists' organizations. Andriesse was a member of Nederlandsche Vereeniging voor Ambachts- en Nijverheidskunst (V.A.N.K.) the Dutch Association for Craft and Craft Art. Via this association Andriesse was involved in organizing the photo exhibition foto '37 in the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, tohgether with Carel Blazer and Cas Oorthuys.

War years and the 'Underground Camera'

In June 1941 Andriesse married graphic designer and visual artist Dick Elffers (a gentile with whom she had two sons, one who died young), but as a Jew during the Nazi occupation Andriesse was no longer able to publish and she was forced into hiding. At the end of 1944, with the assistance of the anthropologist Шаблон:Ill she forged an identity card and re-engaged in everyday life, joining a group of photographers, including Cas Oorthuys and Charles Breijer, working clandestinely as De Ondergedoken Camera. The photos that Andriesse made under very difficult conditions of famine in Amsterdam, include Boy with pan, The Gravedigger and Kattenburg Children are documents of hunger, poverty and misery during the occupation in the "winter of hunger" of 1944-1945.

• Volendam July 1945

  Volendam July 1945

• Файл:AndriesseEmmyVolendam1945.jpg
• Файл:EmmyAndriesseVolendam1945-4.jpg
• The Love Letter (Vermeer) (Rijksmuseum July 1945)

  The Love Letter (Vermeer)
  (Rijksmuseum July 1945)

• The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman back in the Rijksmuseum (July 1945)

  The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman back in the Rijksmuseum
  (July 1945)

Post-war

After the war, she became a fashion photographer and was an associate and mentor of Ed van der Elsken. She participated in the group show Photo '48 and in 1952, together with Шаблон:Ill, Eva Besnyö and Cas Oorthuys, the exhibition Photographie, both in Amsterdam's Stedelijk Museum. Edward Steichen chose her 1947 portrait of a staid and elderly Dutch couple for the section 'we two form a multitude' in the Museum of Modern Art world-touring The Family of Man that was seen by an audience of 9 million. More recently (October 2006-January 2007) she was included in a display of Twentieth Century European photography at the Barbican Art Gallery, London.

Andriesse's last commission, the book The World of Van Gogh - published posthumously in 1953 - was not yet complete when she became ill and after a long battle with cancer, died at the age of 39.

At Harbor Island East in Amsterdam, the Emmy Andriessestraat is named after her.

• House of doctor Gachet

  House of doctor Gachet

• Église Notre-Dame-de-l’Assomption seen from Rue du Montcel, Auvers-sur-Oise

  Église Notre-Dame-de-l’Assomption seen from Rue du Montcel, Auvers-sur-Oise

• Auberge Ravoux, where Van Gogh died

  Auberge Ravoux, where Van Gogh died

• Gravestones of Vincent and Theo van Gogh at the Cimetière d'Auvers-sur-Oise

  Gravestones of Vincent and Theo van Gogh at the Cimetière d'Auvers-sur-Oise

Works in Collections

A large collection of prints and negatives are kept in the special collections of Leiden University Libraries. Also the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam has works by Andriesse in the collection.

Further reading

• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Шаблон:Cite book
• Visser, Hripsime and Bool, Flip (1994). Emmy Andriesse (1914-1953). Focus Publishing, Amsterdam.
• *Шаблон:Cite book, Louise (1975) Emmy Andriesse - a profile in Emmy Andriesse Photographs 1944/52 (Exhibition catalogue) Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
• Visser, Hripsimé (1984), essay in History of Dutch photography Alphen aan den Rijn
• 30 April 1991 NOS broadcast television documentary Emmy Andriesse
• Baring, Louise (2013). "Emmy Andriesse - Hidden Lens". Schilt Publishing, Amsterdam.

External links

• Photos by Emmy Andriesse Digital Collections Leiden University Libraries
• Biography (Dutch)
• Photobook with biography (English)