Английская Википедия:Empire Gallantry Medal

Содержание

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Текст

Шаблон:Short description Шаблон:EngvarB Шаблон:Use dmy dates Шаблон:Infobox military award The Medal of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for Gallantry, known as the Empire Gallantry Medal (EGM), was a British medal awarded for acts of gallantry. Unlike the then existing Sea Gallantry Medal (SGM) (1854), the Albert Medal (AM) (1866) and the Edward Medal (EM) (1907) which each had two classes with restricted eligibility criteria, the EGM was a single class award with wide eligibility. It was instituted by King George V on 29 December 1922. In July 1937, recipients were granted the right to use the post-nominal letters "EGM". The EGM was superseded in 1940 by the George Cross which was also a single class award with wide eligibility but unlike the low placed EGM on the Order of Wear, the George Cross was listed immediately after the Victoria Cross.

The EGM was a medal of the Order of the British Empire and like the Order itself, was divided into civil and military divisions, but unlike the British Empire Medal (BEM), officers were eligible for the medal.

History

In 1922, the original Medal of the Order of the British Empire was discontinued and replaced by two separate awards, the Medal of the Order of the British Empire for Gallantry (EGM), and the Medal of the Order of the British Empire for Meritorious Service, known as the British Empire Medal. The EGM had been ranked after the SGM, AM and EM on the Order of Wear but was superseded by the George Cross in 1940.

On 24 September 1940 King George VI created the George Cross, to rank immediately after the Victoria Cross, to recognize gallantry not in the presence of the enemy. The EGM ceased the same day. In April 1941, it was announced that, except for honorary recipients, all living recipients and the next-of-kin of those posthumously awarded the EGM after 3 September 1939, were to exchange their insignia for the George Cross. In 1971, all living recipients of the Albert Medal and Edward Medal were deemed George Cross holders but unlike EGM recipients the exchange of their original insignia for the George Cross was optional.

Appearance

It is a circular silver medal, Шаблон:Convert in diameter, with a straight suspender augmented with laurel leaves. The recipient's name was impressed on the rim. Except for the ribbon, the design of the civil and military divisions was the same.

The obverse showed Britannia facing right, her left and resting on a shield and right hand holding a trident, with a sun in the upper right corner. The wording "For God and the Empire" was inscribed round the upper side, and "For Gallantry" in the exergue.

The first reverse had the Royal Cypher surrounded by six lions. The 2nd type, adopted after the accession of George VI in 1937, had the Royal Cypher with four lions, two on either side with, below, the wording "Instituted by George V".

The original ribbon was plain purple, with the addition of a thin vertical red stripe for military awards. A silver laurel branch was added diagonally to the ribbon for both types of the award in 1933, and was worn on the ribbon bar when ribbons alone were worn. The ribbon changed to rose pink with pearl grey edges in July 1937, with an addition pearl grey vertical stripe for military awards, and stayed in this version until the medal's revocation.

Statistics

There were a total of 130 awards, including eight made posthumously:

• Civil Division 64 (3 posthumous)
• Military Division 62 (5 posthumous)
• Honorary awards 4 (non-British citizens, 3 French and 1 Belgian)

The four honorary awards were not able to be exchanged for the George Cross. On 24 September 1940, 107 of the other 126 recipients were living and all exchanged awards. The next of kin of five deceased recipients, Herbert John (Bertie) Mahoney whose EGM award was gazetted on 23 December 1927 and the four Military Division posthumous awards gazetted after the start of World War II also exchanged awards.

Selected recipients

Шаблон:See also Awards of the EGM that were not exchanged for the George Cross are marked below with (*).

Empire Gallantry Medal recipients

Name	Rank (or Role)	Organisation	Date gazetted	Image
Шаблон:Sortname	Flying Officer	Royal Air Force	12 April 1929	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Leading Aircraftman	Royal Air Force	9 November 1928	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Coxswain	Cromer Lifeboat	30 June 1924	Файл:Henry Blogg 1 Feb 2008 (1).JPG
Шаблон:Sortname	Mulazim (Lieutenant)	Trans-Jordan Frontier Force	30 June 1939	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname (*)	Pilot Officer	Royal Air Force (Auxiliary Air Force)	30 June 1939	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Coxswain	Gorleston Lifeboat	30 June 1924	Файл:William Flemming.jpg
Шаблон:Sortname	Landlord, Property Owner and Sand Contractor	Шаблон:Centre	4 June 1934	Файл:Abdul Samad Golandaz, detail.jpg
Шаблон:Sortname	Sub Lieutenant	Royal Navy	14 March 1940	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Commander	Royal Navy	23 December 1939	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Barge pilot	Шаблон:Centre	5 February 1937	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Lance Sergeant	British Army	19 November 1935	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Chauffeur	Шаблон:Centre	5 December 1924	Файл:Frederick Hamilton March AWM P03444.001.jpg
Шаблон:Sortname	Flight Cadet	Royal Air Force	18 October 1929	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Corporal	Royal Air Force	12 April 1929	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Corporal	Women's Auxiliary Air Force	19 July 1940	Файл:Daphne Pearson GC.jpg
Шаблон:Sortname	Captain	Aus-NZ Airmail Flight	9 July 1937	Файл:Patrick Taylor.jpg
Шаблон:Sortname	Nurse	Middlesex Hospital	2 March 1934	Шаблон:Centre
Шаблон:Sortname	Radio Officer	Merchant Navy	13 October 1939	Шаблон:Centre

External links

• Information on the Empire Gallantry Medal
• Шаблон:Cite web